Betulinic acid derivatives: a new class of α-glucosidase inhibitors and LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production inhibition on mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells

Chemical manipulation studies were conducted on betulinic acid (1), twenty-one new rationally designed analogues of 1 with modifications at C-28 were synthesized for their evaluation of inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and LPS-stimulated nitric oxide production in mouse macrophage RAW 264.7 cells. Compound 2 (IC₅₀ = 5.4 μM) exhibited an almost 1.4-fold increase in α-glucosidase inhibitory activity on yeast α-glucosidase while analogues 5 (IC₅₀ 16.4 μM) and 11 (IC₅₀ 16.6 μM) exhibited a 2-fold enhanced inhibitory activity on NO-production than betulinic acid.     

深圳福田红树林保护区海桑种群结构的研究

探讨了深圳福田红树林保护区海桑种群的高度结构、胸径结构、冠幅结构和空间点格局,采用分异指数(TH和TC)量化了种群个体间高度和胸围的差异程度．结果表明,海桑种群个体高度集中分布在6～14m;50％～60％个体的TH值低于其平均值．海桑种群个体胸径集中分布在5～20cm或15～30cm;46％～62％个体的TC值低于其平均值．海桑种群冠幅结构受密度、个体对空间竞争等的影响较大,冠幅直径与种群密度呈现较高程度的负相关．海桑种群属于增长型,其存活曲线呈凸型．通过自然扩散形成的海桑种群趋于集群分布．海桑人工种群已经出现某种程度的自然更新和扩散,这将有利于增加海桑人工种群的结构复杂性和稳定性．     

深圳福田无瓣海桑＋海桑人工林的生态影响

对深圳福田红树林7年龄无瓣海桑 海桑人工林生态影响的研究表明：无瓣海桑 海桑林7年龄时,林下土壤颗粒组成发生改变,土壤含盐量升高,pH值降低,有机质、N、P、K、Pb、Cu、Zn等质量百分浓度升高;人工林促进了后缘天然林种群的生长及乡土红树幼苗进入天然林和人工林,加快了天然林向前缘滩涂的拓展。