一种含稀土锰钢的热处理和低温韧性研究

本文研究了加稀土5％Mn钢的热处理、组织和机械性能,探索其部分代替9Ni钢使用于-196℃的可能性,并以同样成分的无稀土钢作为对比,研究稀土在该钢中的作用。     

短脉冲载荷下金属材料的层裂破坏

 本文用点炮加载聚酯薄膜飞片撞击金属靶材料，飞片速度0.714~2.24 km/s，脉冲宽度40~80 ns，击靶压力为2.280~11.952 GPa。在回收的铝、铜和钢靶样品上观察到层裂现象。通过金相分析发现它们的破坏方式与在一般较长脉冲加载下的破坏方式相似，铝和铜以延性方式破坏；钢则以脆性方式破坏。一维和二维数值模拟结果表明通常的几种层裂判据在这个应力、应变和应变率范围内也基本上适用。     

On Publications on the Brittle Fracture Mechanics of Prestressed Materials

The paper analyzes new publications on the brittle fracture mechanics of prestressed materials. It is found out that new scientific results published in the International Journal of Solids and Structures in 2002 are a particular case of the results obtained at the Institute of Mechanics 20 years ago     

Heating rate effect on the DSC kinetics of oil shales

This research was aimed to investigate the combustion and kinetics of oil shale samples (Mengen and Himmetoğlu) by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Experiments were performed in air atmosphere up to 600°C at five different heating rates. The DSC curves clearly demonstrate distinct reaction regions in the oil shale samples studied. Reaction intervals, peak and burn-out temperatures of the oil shale samples are also determined. Arrhenius kinetic method was used to analyze the DSC data and it was observed that the activation energies of the samples are varied in the range of 22.4–127.3 kJ mol⁻¹ depending on the oil shale type and heating rate.     

吉木萨尔陆相页岩油微观赋存类型

为了更好地认识页岩油微观赋存状态及类型,避免实验过程中水钻取样对原油分布的影响,选取吉木萨尔页岩典型含油岩芯,采用全程液氮钻、切、磨制样工序,通过全能谱扫描电子显微镜、二次电子成像及背散射相结合的技术手段,获得微观储层矿物类型和结构、储集空间类型、形貌以及C, O, Si, Al, Ca, K, Na,Mg等元素在微、纳米尺度的分布。依据去除矿物因素后的C元素含量分布,判别原油在微、纳米空间尺度的富集程度。结合矿物岩石组构和储集空间形貌,对微、纳米尺度页岩油原油的赋存状态及分布类型进行直观的定量表征,并基于C元素含量推测微观含油饱和度的相对变化。针对原油与孔喉的配置关系,进行储层微观孔喉结构与原油赋存状态的表征,明确原油赋存类型。总结出研究区4种微观原油赋存类型:白云质溶蚀微米级大孔道中的可动油、砂质粒间微纳米级孔中可动油、砂质粒间孔喉壁吸附的半束缚状态的油膜以及自生黏土矿物晶间孔内束缚油。     

Early Cambrian eodiscoid trilobites of the Yangtze Platform and their stratigraphic implications

Analysis of the taxonomy and stratigraphic distribution of the Early Cambrian eodiscoid trilobites of the Yangtze Platform indicates that species of Tsunyidiscus and Hupeidiscus can be used for biostratigraphic correlation. T. aclis occurs only in the lower Qiongzhusian, T. armatus occurs in the lower and middle Qiongzhusian, while T. niutitangensis and T. tingi occur mainly in the middle and upper Qiongzhusian, with only T. tingi extending upward into the lower Canglangpuian. H. orientalis first appears in the upper Qiongzhusian, reaching peak abundance in the lower Canglangpuian and becoming extinct above the Drepanuroides Zone. Biostratigraphic and lithostratigraphic correlations indicate that the limestone in the lower part of the Mingxinsi Formation, the Upper Member of Jiumenchong Formation, and the upper part of the Middle Member of the Huangbailing Formation, can be correlated with each other as Hupediscus, an index fossil of the lower Canglangpuian, is abundant in all these units. The lower part of the Niutitang and Jiumenchong formations in eastern Guizhou, which mainly represent Qiongzhusian strata, can be correlated with the Lower Member of the Huangbailing Formation. The basal part of the Niutitang Formation, which may be equivalent to the Upper Meishucunian Shiyantou Formation in eastern Yunnan, is very condensed. Well-preserved sponge faunas and non-mineralized fossils in the lower part of the Niutitang and Hetang formations are not older than Qiongzhusian in age.     

Brittle-plastic Theory and Identification of Material Properties for Elastoplastic Structure

Ｂｒｉｔｌｅ┐ｐｌａｓｔｉｃＴｈｅｏｒｙａｎｄＩｄｅｎｔｉｆｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆＭａｔｅｒｉａｌＰｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｆｏｒＥｌａｓｔｏｐｌａｓｔｉｃＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅＸｕＢｉｎｇｙｅ（徐秉业），ＣｅｎＺｈａｎｇｚｈｉ（岑章志），ＳｈｅｎＸｉｎｐｕ（沈新...     

高脆性材料亚临界裂纹扩展机制的细观力学分析

本文从细观力学角度研究了高脆性材料亚临界裂纹扩展机制。根据线弹性断裂力学理论和量子力学理论的近似计算，从理论上求得了经验的亚临界裂纹解理扩展速率公式。理论计算与陶瓷材料的实验结果符合得很好。     

油页岩CS2-NMP萃取物GC/MS分析

为了了解和掌握油页岩有机物的组成和结构,实现油页岩的有效转化利用,在温和条件下对依兰油页岩进行了CS2-NMP溶剂萃取,采用色-质联用分析技术研究了油页岩萃取物的化学组成和结构.实验结果表明,萃取物主要由脂肪烃、芳香烃和含杂原子化合物组成.脂肪烃主要成分为链状烷烯烃和环烷烃以及少量萜类物质,而含杂原子化合物主要以含氧、氮、硫及卤族元素的化合物为主.芳香烃则检测出了少量的萘系烷基取代芳烃.     

矿物掺合料对页岩陶粒混凝土抗压强度的影响

以页岩陶粒混凝土为基础配方,系统研究了单掺和双掺不同含量的偏高岭土、粉煤灰、钢渣等矿物掺合料对其抗压强度影响,通过SEM和XRD进行了相关的微观结构和组成分析.结果表明当单掺矿物掺和料质量分数为10%时,页岩陶粒混凝土达到最高的抗压强度;双掺和时,总掺量为10%(质量分数)、比例为1∶2的偏高岭土和粉煤灰时,页岩陶粒混凝土的抗压强度最好,其3d、7d和28d的抗压强度分别达到了18.1、28.6和35MPa,对比没有加入矿物掺合料的页岩陶粒混凝土的抗压强度分别增加了417%、267%和250%,主要原因是偏高岭土和粉煤灰的掺加能够优化轻骨料混凝土的微观结构,对强度具有较大贡献.