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1.
Gisha Elizabeth Luckachan C. K. S. Pillai 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2006,44(10):3250-3260
Novel multiblock poly(ester amide)s containing poly(L ‐lactide) and cycloaliphatic amide segments were synthesized from telechelic oligomer of α,ω‐hydroxyl terminated poly(L ‐lactide), 1,3‐cyclohexylbis(methylamine), and sebacoylchloride by the “two‐step” interfacial polycondensation method. The blocky nature of PEAs was established by FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopies. The effect of relative content of ester and amide segments on the crystallization nature of PEAs was investigated by WAXD and DSC analyses. PEAs having lower content of PLLA, PEA 1 and PEA 2, showed a crystallization pattern analogous to polyamides, whereas PEA 3, having higher content of PLLA, showed two crystalline phases characterized by polyester and polyamide segments. Random nature of PEAs was observed from single Tg values. Biodegradation studies using the enzyme lipase from Candida Cylindracea showed higher degradation rate for PEA 3 than that for PEA 1 and PEA 2. FTIR, 1H NMR, and DSC analyses of the degraded products indicated the involvement of ester linkages in the degradation process. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 3250–3260, 2006 相似文献
2.
以纤维素材料为基质的降解塑料的研究进展 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文详述了以天然高分子纤维素材料为基质的降解塑料的发展。纤维素材料由于其来源丰富,有良好的反应性,优异的生物降解性,无毒性等,因而可用来制备降解塑料.其开发和应用是解决目前世界范围内的“白色污染”的一条理想途径. 相似文献
3.
Fernando J. S. Oliveira Francisca P. de França 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2005,122(1-3):581-591
Hexane is a toxic volatile organic compound that is quite abundant in gas emissions from chemical industries and printing
press and painting centers, and it is necessary to treat these airstreams before they discharge into the atmosphere. This
article presents a treatment for hexane-contaminated air in steady-state conditions using an internal-loop airlift bioreactor
inoculated with a Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain. Bioprocesses were conducted at 20-mL/min, a load of 1.26 g/m3 of C6H14, and a temperature of 28°C. The results of hexane removal efficiencies were presented as a function of the inoculum size
(approx 0.07 and 0.2 g/L) and cell reuse. Bioprocess monitoring comprises quantification of the biomass, the surface tension
of the medium, and the hexane concentration in the fermentation medium as well as in the inlet and outlet airstreams. The
steady-state results suggest that the variation in inoculum size from 0.07 to 0.2 g/L promotes hexane abatement from the influent
from 65 to 85%, respectively. Total hydrocarbon removal from the waste gas was achieved during experiments conducted using
reused cells at an initial microbial concentration of 0.2 g/L. 相似文献
4.
白腐菌降解氯代农药的机理 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
确定了白腐菌在水中的静置培养条件,探讨了在该条件下白腐菌对水中微量氯代农药的生物降解情况及其降解机理.实验结果表明,白腐菌在含有ρ为0.02%的葡萄糖、0.03%的酒石酸铵和适量无机盐的培养液中,于35℃,经5~7d的静置培养可获得良好的菌丝,并对氯代农药有最大的降解效率(90%以上).对降解的部分中间产物的GC-MS分析表明,不同类氯代农药有不同的降解过程和机理 相似文献
5.
Summary A thin layer chromatographic method for a qualitative screening-test and a quantitative analysis of 2,4,6-TNT, biodegradation products, octogen and hexogen in ammunition wastes was developed using both polar and non-polar modified sorbents. For enrichment a solidphase extraction on LiChrolut® EN followed by removal with methanol/acetonitrile (11 v/v) was chosen. To imitate real samples, spiked tap water samples of known composition were used. 相似文献
6.
Studies were carried out on saccharification of pretreated tapioca waste and water hyacinth under two different conditions:
using microbial enzymes (cellulase fromMyrothecium verrucaria, Coprinus comatus,Pleurotus florida, andCellulomonas sp.) and solid-state fermentation. The rate of saccharification was determined at different temperatures, pH, substrate concentration,
and incubation period. It was found that as the source of the enzyme varies, the optimal temperature and pH for the saccharification
varies. Among the two different treatments, enzymatic saccharification was found to be the most efficient. Among the various
cellulase sources tested, M.verrucaria cellulase was found to be the most efficient one followed byC. comatus, P. florida, and finallyCellulomonas sp. 相似文献
7.
Hung-Yuan Fang Shin-Chin Chen Szu-Lin Chen 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2003,111(2):81-91
EDTA, the target compound of this study from the effluent of secondary biotreatment units, can be biodegraded by special microorganisms.
So far, there are three species of microorganisms—Agrobacterium, Gram-negative BNCI, and DSM9103—that can degrade EDTA and are published in the literature. We have successfully isolated a bacterial strain that can degrade
EDTA. It was identified as Burkhol cepacia, an aerobic species, elliptically shaped with a length of 5–15 μm. The growth medium contains 1000 mg/L of ferric-EDTA as
carbon source, 750 mg/L of (NH4)2SO4+(NH2)2CO as nitrogen source, and 1000 mg/L of KH2PO4 as phosphorus source, and mineral factors such as Fe and Mg. Incubated at pH, 7.0, 30°C, and 150 rpm on a shaker for 15 d,
the average specific growth rate of this microbe is 0.135 d−1, which shows that the respective degradation efficiency of Fe-EDTA and Cu-EDTA is 90 and 75% individually. 相似文献
8.
Fernando J. S. Oliveira Francisca P. De França 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2005,122(1-3):593-603
A 23 full factorial experimental design was adopted to estimate the effects of three variables on the biodegradation of oil during
soil bioremediation: bioaugmentation seeding a mixed culture, addition of fertilizer or mineral media, and correction of initial
pH of the soil to 7.0. The tests were carried out in polyvinyl chloride reactors with 5.0 kg of crude oil-contaminated soil
at 14 g/kg. After screening the variables, soil bioremediation tests were conduced with varied C:N ratios, yielding an increase
in biodegradation of the oil heavy fraction from 24 to 65%, consumption of total n-paraffins, and a remarkable decrease in the concentration of residual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of the soil. 相似文献
9.
Arelí Durón-Castellanos Vanesa Zazueta-Novoa Hortencia Silva-Jiménez Yolanda Alvarado-Caudillo Eduardo Peña Cabrera Roberto Zazueta-Sandoval 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2005,121(1-3):279-288
Different soluble NAD+-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) isozymes were detected in cell-free homogenates from aerobically grown mycelia of YR-1
strain of Mucor circinelloides isolated from petroleumcontaminated soil samples. Depending on the carbon source present in the growth media, multiple NAD+-dependent ADHs were detected when hexadecane or decane was used as the sole carbon source in the culture media. ADH activities
from aerobically or anaerobically grown mycelium or yeast cells, respectively, were detected when growth medium with glucose
added was the sole carbon source; the enzyme activity exhibited optimum pH for the oxidation of different alcohols (methanol,
ethanol, and hexadecanol) similar to that of the corresponding aldehyde (≈7.0). Zymogram analysis conducted with partially
purified fractions of extracts from aerobic mycelium or anaerobic yeast cells of the YR-1 strain grown in glucose as the sole
carbon source indicated the presence of a single NAD+-dependent ADH enzyme in each case, and the activity level was higher in the yeast cells. ADH enzyme from mycelium grown in
different carbon sources showed high activity using ethanol as substrate, although higher activity was displayed when the
cells were grown in hexadecane as the sole carbon source. Zymogram analysis with these extracts showed that this particular
strain of M. circinelloides has four different isozymes with ADH activity and, interestingly, one of them, ADH4, was identified also as phenanthrene-diol-dehydrogenase,
an enzyme that possibly participates in the aromatic hydrocarbon biodegradation pathway. 相似文献
10.
Palumbo A. V. Strong-Gunderson J. M. Carroll S. 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1997,(1):789-796
To determine if compounds added during trichloroethylene (TCE) degradation could reduce the loss of enzyme activity or increase
enzyme recovery, different compounds serving as energy and carbon sources, pH buffers, or free radical scavengers were tested.
Formate and formic acid (reducing power and a carbon source), as well as ascorbic acid and citric acid (free radical scavengers)
were added during TCE degradation at a concentration of 2 mM. A saturated solution of calcium carbonate was also tested to
address pH concerns. In the presence of formate and methane, only calcium carbonate and formic acid had a beneficial effect
on enzyme recovery. The calcium carbonate and formic acid both reduced the loss of enzyme activity and resulted in the highest
levels of enzyme activity after recovery. 相似文献