The Role of Acetylcholine in the Cognitive Function of Frontal Neurons in Monkeys

To study the role of acetylcholine(ACh) in the cognitive function of frontal lobes, ACh and atropine were applied iontophoretically to the task-related neurons recorded from an area around the superior ramus of arcuate sulcus in the frontal cortex of 4 rhesus monkeys during the performance of two tasks. The spontaneous discharges and taskrelated responses of most of the neurons which increased their discharge rate in the delay and differentiation periods of the discrimination response go/no-go task and in the cue and delay periods of the delayed discrimination go/no-go task, were further increased during the application of ACh and suppressed during atropine. These results suggest that ACh may be involved in the excitatory process of the activity of the neurons in the above-mentioned area of frontal cortex to play an important role in the cognitive functions of attention, discrimination and short-term memory.     

镰游仆虫Euplotes harpa无性分裂时期形态发生的研究

在显微和亚显微水平上,研究了镰游仆虫Ｅ．ｈａｒｐａ的形态结构及其在无性分裂时期的形态发生。对无性分裂期间各种纤毛器原基的起源和发育作了详细的观察和描述,着重注意了各种纤毛器原基的相互关系和发生的顺序性。同时,对基体在皮层上的“移动”及基体与“基体托架”的关系也作了研究和分析。     

用于语音识别中的SOFM矢量量化方法

该文讨论了神经网络语音识别系统中的ＫｏｈｏｎｅｎＳＯＦＭ神经网络的矢量量化（ＶＱ）的原理与过程,着重解决了其在实际应用时的若干问题,包括网络大小,学习步幅函数以及矢量量化过程中的公平竞争学习的控制函数的选定。过讨论了基于听觉模型的声学特性的提取与处理,这与ＶＱ性能息息相关。系统应用的实验表明,该神经网络在语音识别系统中具有良好性能。     

烟碱和一氧化碳对大鼠学习记忆及脑发育的影响

通过观察烟碱和一氧化碳(CO)对大鼠学习记忆和脑发育的影响,利用Y型迷宫测试学习记忆,利用电镜技术观测脑超微结构。得出烟碱可使学习记忆能力下降(P<0.05),使大脑皮层厚度(P<0.05)及突触数密度(P相似文献   

脑干听觉诱发电位波形分析建模、验证与算法优化

脑干听觉诱发电位是声觉器官受刺激后产生的一种生物电，反映了相应感觉通路及神经元群的活动，可用作听力阈值的客观判断，也可对多种耳疾和脑部病变作出诊断，因而成为当今临床医学和生物医学信号处理中的一个重要课题．文中介绍了脑干听觉诱发电位潜伏期（Ｌ）与刺激声强（Ｉ）之间关系曲线的作用，及其拟合建模和回归算法优化，还用实测数据对选定的拟合曲线模型进行了回归方差分析验证．     

A novel audio watermarking scheme using multiscale wavelet modulation

A novel audio watermarking scheme to embed robust and inaudible watermarks for the purpose of copyright protection is proposed. The key innovation is to add time-frequency redundancy into watermark signals by multiscale wavelet modulation. In order to maximize the watermarking strength within perceptual constraints, the signals synthesized from different scales are masked using a frequency auditory model, respectively, and then intergrated to form the final watermark signal. The detection structure is built using the redundancy in watermark signals, and the performance is further enhanced by modeling the statistical behaviors of wavelet coefficients as generalized Gaussian distribution. The use of original audio signal is not required in watermark detection. The experimental results show that our approach can achieve not only good transparency but also satisfying robustness to common audio manipulations.     

甘氨酸对大鼠前额叶皮质锥体神经元串连动作电位影响的研究

目的:研究甘氨酸对大鼠前额叶皮质锥体神经元串连动作电位的影响。方法:大鼠前额叶皮质切片,全细胞膜片钳记录锥体神经元串连动作电位。结果:甘氨酸(300μmol/L)可显著降低大鼠前额叶皮质锥体神经元串连动作电位的发放频率,其作用可被番木鳖碱(1μmol/L)所阻断,表明其作用部位为番木鳖碱依赖性甘氨酸受体。甘氨酸还引起膜超极化,延长动作电位的潜伏期,加快复极化进程。结论:前额叶皮质的甘氨酸受体可能在VTA-NAcc-PFC神经环路的调控中发挥重要作用。     

一种分层阈值优化的语音感知小波去噪方法

通过分析含噪语音信号的特点,引入能够兼顾人耳听觉特性的听觉感知小波变换,构造了新的小波阈值函数,并对小波变换分解后的阈值进行基于微粒群算法的分层优化.仿真实验表明,该方法在不同信噪比条件下均具有较好的去噪性能,语音的可懂度和听觉效果得到有效提高.     

六种中药材中的有机氯农药残留量的测定

用气相色谱法同时测定了中药材天仙子、半夏、杜仲、吴茱萸、何首乌、茯苓中的有机氯农药的残留量.结果表明,13种有机氯农药在1~100μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r>0.995 5),检出限为0.04~0.22μg/L,添加回收率均在80%~102%.该方法符合农药残留检测标准.