Science Letters： A synthetic Toll-like receptor 2 ligand decreases allergic immune responses in a mouse rhinitis model sensitized to mite allergen

It has been proposed that activation of Toll-like receptors （TLRs） plays crucial roles in the polarization of adaptive immune responses. A synthetic Toll-like receptor 2 （TLR2） ligand, Pam3CSK4, has been reported to modulate the balance of Th1/Th2 responses. We evaluated the modulation effect of Pam3CSK4 on allergic immune response in a mouse rhinitis model sensitized to house dust mite allergen （HDM）. Mice were sensitized and challenged with Dermatophagoidesfarinae allergen （Der f）, and then the allergic mice were treated by Pam3CSK4. Nasal allergic symptoms and eosinophils were scored. Der f-specific cytokine responses were examined in the splenocytes and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid （BALF）. Serum level of total IgE was also detected. After establishing a mouse allergic rhinitis model with HDM, we have showed that Pam3CSK4 treatment not only ameliorated the nasal allergic symptoms remarkably but also decreased the eosinophils and total inflammation cells in BALF significantly. Analysis of cytokine profile found that IFN-7 released from either BALF or stimulated splenocytes increased markedly in Pam3CSK4-treated mice, while IL-13 decreased significantly. Moreover, serum level of total IgE was significantly lower in Pam3CSK4-treated mice than in the untreated. Thus, in an allergic rhinitis mouse model developed with HDM, Pam3CSK4 was shown to exhibit an antiallergic effect, indicating its potential application in allergic diseases.     

基于进化人工神经网络的组合系统滤波技术

在组合系统运用Kalman滤波器技术时,准确的系统模型和可靠的观测数据是保证其性能的重要因素,否则将大大降低Kalman滤波器的估计精度,甚至导致滤波器发散.为解决上述Kalman应用中的实际问题,提出了一种新颖的基于进化人工神经网络技术的自适应Kalman滤波器.仿真试验表明该算法可以在系统模型不准确时、甚至外部观测数据短暂中断时,仍能保证Kalman滤波器的性能.     

Elliptic and parabolic problems in unbounded domains

We consider elliptic and parabolic problems in unbounded domains. We give general existence and regularity results in Besov spaces and semi‐explicit representation formulas via operator‐valued fundamental solutions which turn out to be a powerful tool to derive a series of qualitative results about the solutions. We give a sample of possible applications including asymptotic behavior in the large, singular perturbations, exact boundary conditions on artificial boundaries and validity of maximum principles. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Artificial boundary conditions for Petrovsky systems of second order in exterior domains and in other domains of conical type

The approximation of solutions to boundary value problems on unbounded domains by those on bounded domains is one of the main applications for artificial boundary conditions. Based on asymptotic analysis, here a new method is presented to construct local artificial boundary conditions for a very general class of elliptic problems where the main asymptotic term is not known explicitly. Existence and uniqueness of approximating solutions are proved together with asymptotically precise error estimates. One class of important examples includes boundary value problems for anisotropic elasticity and piezoelectricity. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Artificial time integration

Many recent algorithmic approaches involve the construction of a differential equation model for computational purposes, typically by introducing an artificial time variable. The actual computational model involves a discretization of the now time-dependent differential system, usually employing forward Euler. The resulting dynamics of such an algorithm is then a discrete dynamics, and it is expected to be “close enough” to the dynamics of the continuous system (which is typically easier to analyze) provided that small – hence many – time steps, or iterations, are taken. Indeed, recent papers in inverse problems and image processing routinely report results requiring thousands of iterations to converge. This makes one wonder if and how the computational modeling process can be improved to better reflect the actual properties sought. In this article we elaborate on several problem instances that illustrate the above observations. Algorithms may often lend themselves to a dual interpretation, in terms of a simply discretized differential equation with artificial time and in terms of a simple optimization algorithm; such a dual interpretation can be advantageous. We show how a broader computational modeling approach may possibly lead to algorithms with improved efficiency. AMS subject classification (2000)  65L05, 65M32, 65N21, 65N22, 65D18     

人工神经网络在SARS疫情分析与预测中的应用

讨论人工神经网络在 SARS疫情分析与预测中的应用 .采用三层结构的反向传播网络 ( Backpropagation network,简称 BP网络 ) ,对 SARS在中国的传播与流行趋势及控制策略建立了网络模型 .并利用实际数据拟合参数 ,针对北京、山西的疫情进行了计算仿真 .结果表明 ,该网络模型算法收敛速度较快 ,预测精度很高     

HIGH ACCURACY NUMERICAL METHOD OF THIN-FILM PROBLEMS IN MICROMAGNETICS

In this paper, a new high accuracy numerical method for the thin-film problems of micron and submicron size ferromagnetic elements is proposed. For the computation of stray field, we use the finite element method(FEM) by introducing a semi-discrete artificial boundary condition [1, 2]. In our numerical experiments about the domain patterns and their movement, we can see that the results are accordant to that of experiments and other numerical methods. Our method are very convenient to deal with arbitrary shape of thin films such as a polygon with high accuracy.     

微纳米加工技术在纳米物理与器件研究中的应用

物质在纳米尺度下可能呈现出与体材料不同的物理特件，这正是纳米科技发展的基础之一。要想探索在纳米尺度下材料物埋性质的变化规律及可能的应用领域，离不开相应的技术手段，微纳米加工技术作为当今高技术发展的重要技术领域之一，是实现功能人工纳米结构与器件微纳米化的基础。本文根据几个不同的应用领域，介绍了微纳米加工技术在纳米物理与器件研究领域的应用。     

On Numerical Solution of Shape Inverse Problems

The new method is proposed for the numerical solution of a class of shape inverse problems. The size and the location of a small opening in the domain of integration of an elliptic equation is identified on the basis of an observation. The observation includes the finite number of shape functionals. The approximation of the shape functionals by using the so-called topological derivatives is used to perform the learning process of an artificial neural network. The results of computations for 2D examples show, that the method allows to determine an approximation of the global solution to the inverse problem, sufficiently closed to the exact solution. The proposed method can be extended to the problems with an opening of general shape and to the identification problems of small inclusions. However, the mathematical theory of the proposed approach still requires futher research. In particular, the proof of global convergence of the method is an open problem.     

专家系统技术在注塑模故障诊断中的应用

论述了用人工智能技术对模具故障进行诊断和确定对策的原理和方法。对模具在工作中常遇到的与模具制造、工艺条件及塑料材料有关的问题及相应对策进行了归纳整理，组成了模具诊断与维修知识库。收集了常用工程塑料的各种有关成型工艺条件和主要性能，建立了塑料材料数据库。采用正向推理控制策略搜索知识库，并将推理结果与理论计算结果进行对比校验，最后确定出模具工作中出现故障的原因，并输出相应的解决办法和建议．