Salt promoted adsorption chromatography of malted barley amylases

Summary A sequence for the fractionation of the amylasic components from a malted barley extract is proposed using two salt-promoted, adsorption processes: thiophilic interaction chromatography (TIC) and hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC).Two fractions containing -amylase activity were recovered during the thiophilic chromatography; the first was resolved in to -amylase I and -amylase I by HIC on a phenyl-sepharose column; an enrichment factor of 32 was achieved for -amylase I. The other amylasic component eluted from the thiophilic gel was characterized as -amylase II. Although the adsorption of malt amylases on phenylsepharose and the thiophilic adsorbent is salt promoted, the interactions involved in each case are clearly distinguished by the different behaviour and disparate salt effects.     

玉米淀粉酶催化糖化的反应动力学模型

发现玉米淀粉的酶糖化反应，可以用酶的三态模型描述，而且该反应具有单底物酶动力学犍征。用三态模型导出的反应动力学模型式计算反应速度等参数，其计算结果实验数据基本一致。     

Alkaliphiles

The term alkaliphile is used for microorganisms that grow optimally or very well at pH values above 9, but cannot grow or grow only slowly at the near neutral pH value of 6.5. Alkaliphiles include prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and archaea. Alkaliphiles can be isolated from normal environments such as garden soil, although viable counts of alkaliphiles are higher in samples from alkaline environments. The cell surface plays a key role in keeping the intracellular pH value in the range between 7 and 8.5, allowing alkaliphiles to thrive in alkaline environments. Alkaliphiles have made a great impact in industrial applications. Biological detergents contain alkaline enzymes, such as alkaline cellulases and/or alkaline proteases that have been produced from alkaliphiles. Another important application is the industrial production of cyclodextrin with alkaline cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase. This enzyme reduced the production cost and paved the way for cyclodextrin use in large quantities in foodstuffs, chemicals and pharmaceuticals. It has also been reported that alkali-treated wood pulp could be biologically bleached by xylanases produced by alkaliphiles.     

用异淀粉酶改进淀粉膜的研究

用异淀粉酶可使淀粉中的支淀粉脱支而形成链淀粉,从而提高淀粉膜的成膜性能及强度。本文用正交试验法研究异淀粉酶对马铃薯淀粉脱支的作用条件,并描绘了异淀粉酶的作用时间与膜的抗张强度、伸长百分率、耐折度、透湿性、链淀粉含量的关系曲线,为制取性能好的食用淀粉膜提供依据。     

淀粉酶的分类及应用研究进展

淀粉酶是催化水解淀粉分子内糖苷键的一类酶的总称,因其氨基酸序列多样、来源广泛以及性质差异大,分类方法也有多种方式,比较主流的是以淀粉水解产物异头碳的构型来划分为α-淀粉酶和β-淀粉酶。目前已有多种淀粉酶被成功商业化,广泛应用于各行业中,本文对淀粉酶的一些分类方法及其应用进行综述。