Investigation of hypersonic nozzle flow uniformity using NO fluorescence

Planar laser-induced fluorescence visualisation is used to investigate nonuniformities in the flow of a hypersonic conical nozzle. Possible causes for the nonuniformity are outlined and investigated, and the problem is shown to be due to a small step at the nozzle throat. Entrainment of cold boundary layer gas is postulated as the cause of the signal nonuniformity. PACS 47.80.Jk, 47.40.Ki, 47.60.+i     

Infraglottic aspect of canine vocal fold vibration: Effect of increase of mean airflow rate and lengthening of vocal fold

The mucosal upheaval (MU), where the mucosal wave starts and propagates upward, appears only when the vocal fold vibrates. The location of the MU histologically and the effect of changes in mean air flow rate (MFR) and vocal fold length on occurrence of the MU were studied in twelve excised canine larynges. The lower surface of the vocal fold was marked to serve as a landmark for subsequent study. Cricothyroid approximation was performed to lengthen the vocal fold. After taking high-speed pictures or recording stroboscopic images from the tracheal side, a small cut wound was made at the mark. This wound served to compare the position of the MU with the histologically identified location of the mark. The larynx was then sectioned in the frontal plane. Before lengthening the vocal fold, the MU occurred on the area where the lamina propria became thinner and where the muscular layer neared the epithelial layer. After lengthening the vocal fold, the MU actually shifted medially compared with its original position. The subglottic area surrounded by the bilateral MUs became longer and thinner. Whether or not complete glottal closure during a vibratory cycle was achieved did not alter these findings. In contrast, with a fixed vocal fold length the MU appeared more laterally as MFR increased, but, based on the relation with the mark, its location on the vocal fold did not change from its original position before increase of MFR.     

伪随机序列的均匀性评价

伪随机序列生成方法有很多种 ,因生成方法不同而导致其性质的差异较大 .文中描述了产生均匀分布的U (0 ,1 )伪随机序列的数学原理 ,提出了评估均匀分布伪随机序列均匀性的几种方法 ,对由软件产生的几种均匀分布序列的均匀性作出了评估     

Tail probabilities of the limiting null distributions of the Anderson–Stephens statistics

For the purpose of testing the spherical uniformity based on i.i.d. directional data (unit vectors) z_i, i=1,…,n, Anderson and Stephens (Biometrika 59 (1972) 613–621) proposed testing procedures based on the statistics S_max=max_u S(u) and S_min=min_u S(u), where u is a unit vector and nS(u) is the sum of squares of u′z_i's. In this paper, we also consider another test statistic S_range=S_max−S_min. We provide formulas for the P-values of S_max, S_min, S_range by approximating tail probabilities of the limiting null distributions by means of the tube method, an integral-geometric approach for evaluating tail probability of the maximum of a Gaussian random field. Monte Carlo simulations for examining the accuracy of the approximation and for the power comparison of the statistics are given.     

工业CT图像均匀性校正

在工业CT图像重建过程中,射束硬化使得图像出现“杯状”伪影,阵列探测器响应不一致使得图像出现环状伪影、带状伪影和点伪影,影响图像均匀性.本文分析了射束硬化的原理和探测器响应不一致的数学模型,并通过实验,对探测器响应进行多挡板定标得到校正系数表.利用查表插值的方法对投影数据进行均匀性校正,消除上述伪影.     

V型滤池进水渠配水均匀性探讨

沿程能量损失和水流动能的变化引起V型滤池配水渠水面高程沿程变化,造成滤池配水的不均匀.基于流体力学基本原理,推导出配水渠内水面升降的计算公式,并做了配水均匀性的定量分析.根据配水渠内水面高程的变化容易算出各配水堰顶高程的调整量,按此方法调整配水堰顶高程,可显著改善滤池配水的均匀性     

一种H型分形液体分布器的设计研究

以分形几何为理论基础,研究和设计出一种具有优良的分布质量、较大的操作弹性、适用于任何直径填料塔等优点的新型高效液体分布器———分形液体分布器.并通过实验验证了:与传统的液体分布器相比较,fractal液体分布器具有Klemas分布质量高、操作弹性大、空间高度小等一系列突出的优点;在处理小流率液体分布时,fractal液体分布器仍具有非常高的Klemas分布质量,因此解决了液体分布器设计上长期没能解决的难题.     

变频调速技术在滴灌中的应用

以实地试验资料为依据，分析了变频调速技术对大棚滴灌均匀度的影响及其应用于大棚滴灌的节能效果。结果表明，在同时工作的大棚数相同的情况下，水泵变频运行时的最大滴灌均匀度与水泵工频运行时的最大滴灌均匀度最大相差不超过2％，而水泵耗电量却前者只有后者的27％；同时工作的大棚数不同，变频压力需作相应的调整，以便能达到较高的滴灌均匀度；变频调速技术在大棚滴灌中具有较为明显的节能效果，其节能为65．7％～78．6％．     

机械扰动下风流非稳定流动的数学模型

从流体力学基础理论和矿井风流流动的基本规律出发，推导出了机械扰动下，矿井风网内风流一维非稳定流动的数学模型。为矿井风流非稳定的分析提供了数学基础。     

巷道掘进中应用可控循环通风时瓦斯浓度的峰值运移规律的探讨

为了在实际中应用可控循环风，本文分析了在掘进巷道中应用可控循环风时，沿巷道的瓦斯浓度峰值运移规律，并得出了在掘进巷道中瓦斯浓度峰值由风筒的漏风量大小决定的结论。图３，参２。