NCO-新型干洗剂的研究

本文论述了以近代物理方法和化学分析手段剖析美国“三羊牌”去污精结构组成,结合干洗剂基础理论研究,立足国情进行合成、配方、筛选,研制出新型干洗剂NCO—O1、NCO—06,其性能相当于进口样品,应用面广。     

Eco-dyeing and functional finishing of wool fabric based on Portulaca oleracea L. as colorant and Musa basjoo as natural mordant

Biomass energy is the most acknowledged renewable resource due to its universality, richness, and renewability. This study utilized a Portulaca oleracea L. plant as a natural colorant for wool fabric dyeing with a high color yield at optimum extraction and dyeing conditions. To evaluate the dyeing mechanism and feasibility of the extracted dyes, we analyzed and characterized the molecular structure and nano-level particle size. The dyeing kinetics and the morphology of dyed fabrics were integratedly explored; the adsorption process of wool fabric on natural colorant molecules was increasingly in line with the pseudo-second-order kinetic adsorption model. Further, the dyeing effects of wool fabrics were compared to that of Musa basjoo mordant and synthetic dyes to confirm the superior color depth (K/S value 23.53), biological function as anti-ultraviolet (UPF value 253.47), and anti-bacterial activity (antibacterial rate of Staphylococcus aureus/Escherichia coli was 71.3%/37%). Our findings provide a feasible scheme for providing deep color and biological activity to wool fabrics. This has broad application prospects in the field of eco-friendly textile materials.     

反应性阳离子聚氨酯对羊绒针织物起球性能的影响

以自制的反应性阳离子水性聚氨酯对纯羊绒针织物进行抗起毛起球整理,研究整理剂对纯羊绒针织物整理效果及其服用性能的影响。研究结果表明：在整理剂最佳的应用工艺下（整理剂质量浓度50g/L、浴比1：35、整理液pH5.5、40℃下处理20min、100℃烘干）,可显著提高羊绒针织物的抗起毛起球性能,其起毛起球等级从2.0级提高到4.0级,且织物的手感和白度等风格不受整理剂的影响。     

科尔沁细毛羊妊娠期细胞免疫功能的研究

用酸性α-萘酯酶（ANAE）组化反应标记外周血T细胞,用甲苯胺蓝染色法标记子宫肥大细胞,结果发现,与未妊娠组相比,外周血T细胞总数和辅助性T细胞均显著降低（P〈0.01）,抑制性T细胞明显增加（P〈0.01）;子宫肥大细胞显著减少（P〈0.01）.提示妊娠期羊整体细胞免疫水平和局部免疫水平均降低.     

A spatially dependent model for washing wool

We analytically model the transport of dirt in the industrial washing of wool using the advection–diffusion equation in two dimensions. Separation of variables leads to a Sturm–Liouville problem where the analytic solution reveals how contamination is distributed both along and down the wool and indicates the operating parameter regimes that optimise the cleaning efficiency.     

新疆花毡

新疆花毡以其制作精美,色彩绚丽,别具风格而享有声誉.本文主要对新疆花毡进行了分类,并对各种花毡的制作及特点进行了介绍.     

基于改进U-Net++和近红外光谱技术的羊毛含量快速定性分析方法研究

羊毛制品因其柔软、保暖性好等优点广受欢迎,羊毛含量是衡量这类产品质量的重要依据。目前市场上羊毛制品质量参差不齐,传统检测方法具有破坏性大、主观性强等缺点,已无法满足实时快速评估目标羊毛制品质量情况的需求。近红外光谱技术是一种无需破坏样品结构、可模型封装操作的快速测量方法。将近红外光谱技术和深度学习技术融合,提出了一种基于注意力机制和U-Net++网络的羊毛含量快速定性分析方法。在数据准备方面,使用手持便携式光谱仪采集羊毛制品样本的光谱数据,其波段范围为908.1～1 676.2 nm,并根据其含量的不同对原始样本进行了等级划分。为减少光谱采集方式对建模数据集的影响,针对同一样本在距探头5, 6, 8, 9和19 mm 5种高度,分别采集了5次光谱数据,并使用马氏距离法剔除异常样本,最终共5 125组光谱数据用于建模。在模型选择方面,U-Net++网络可通过下采样、跳跃连接和上采样等环节实现对光谱数据的特征提取,并进一步对样本进行分类预测。然而,该网络使用了大量密集的跳跃连接,易产生模型参数冗余、低层特征被重复使用等问题。鉴于此,在原始网络的基础上引入了注意力门控模块,可以更有效地提取特...     

Functionality of nano titanium dioxide on textiles with future aspects: Focus on wool

The consumption of titanium dioxide in today's world is on the increase. As the most popular nano substance, TiO₂ is used in various industries notably in the textile industry. More and more recently, through a synergistic combination of photocatalytic features of nanoparticles, fabrics with novel properties are produced. Self-cleaning and stability against UV rays as well as chemical media, to name but a few, are among new prominent properties, obtained on textiles. A common subject reported in most studies has been the diverse approaches to immobilize the nanoparticles on the surface of fabrics. Wool is among common textile materials that have undergone numerous processes to be modified. This review intends to bring to light different aspects of application of nano titanium dioxide in the textile industry especially on wool, and also presents a concise overview on the rigorous pieces of research conducted in this realm.     

Gewinnung und Charakterisierung von nichtkeratinarmer Wolle — ein Modellpräparat für die Grundlagenerforschung von textilchemischen Ausrüstungsprozessen

The nonkeratinous proteins of wool can be partly or completely dissolved by controlled enzymatic digestion. A comparison between the keratose content of intact wool and that of wool which has been hydrolysed for 96 h with pronase confirms that specifically all the nonkeratinous components are dissolved out of the wool composite by pronase. The influence of microbial infection can be excluded.The residue of wool after the hydrolysis, i. e., a wool low in nonkeratinous proteins, has a higher internal volume, as measured by mercury porosimetry. The centrifugal swelling test shows that these wool samples also have increased hygroscopy.

     

Effect of sonochemical scouring on the surface morphologies,mechanical properties,and dyeing abilities of wool fibres

Ultrasonics has the potential to reduce the cost and environmental impact of textile processing. This work investigates the effects of ultrasonic irradiation during wool scouring on fibre surface morphologies, fibre mechanical properties, and fibre dyeing abilities. A range of ultrasonic frequencies were used in the scouring bath to examine the forms of fibre cuticle damage. It is observed that wool fibres underwent ultrasonic irradiation at a low frequency have severe modifications of the fibre surface structure. Despite some visible disruptions to the fibre scale structure however, ultrasonic irradiation has shown a negligible impact on the fibre mechanical properties, especially bending abrasion resistance which depends largely on the fibre surface conditions, and is responsible for the handle and pilling propensity of the resultant fabrics. Dyeing abilities were investigated on wool samples using commercially available acid dye and reactive dye. It is found that ultrasonically scoured wool has a quicker dye uptake in the early stage of low temperature dyeing for both acid dye and reactive dye, than the conventionally scoured wool.