Two New Xanthone Glycosides from Polygala tenuifolia

Two new xanthone glycosides,polygalaxanthone IV and V were isolated from the roots of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. Their structures were established as 6-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-1-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyxanthone(polygalaxanthone IV), and 6-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-1,3-dihydroxyl-7-methoxyxanthone (polyga-laxanthone V),respectively, on the basis of chemical and spectral evidence.     

北京蹄盖蕨属孢子形态的研究

本文利用扫描电子显微镜辅以光学显微镜的方法,详细观察并描述了北京蹄盖蕨科蹄盖蕨属５种即东北蹄盖蕨（Ａｔｈｙｒｉｕｍｂｒｅｖｉｆｒｏｎｓ）,河北蹄盖蕨（Ａ．ｈｅｂｅｉｅｎｓｅ）,中华蹄盖蕨（Ａ．ｓｉｎｅｎｓｅ）,多齿蹄盖蕨（Ａ．ｍｕｌｔｉｄｅｎｔａｔｕｍ）,华北蹄盖蕨（Ａ．ｐａｃｈｙｐｈｌｅｂｉｕｍ）孢子的形态结构,讨论了各种间的差异,为蹄盖蕨科系统分类提供孢粉学方面的依据。     

麦饭石对香烟诱发蚕豆根尖细胞微核的抑制作用

研究了中华麦饭石浸液对香烟烟雾水溶物引起的蚕豆根尖细胞微核率的影响。结果表明，中华麦饭石浸液能显著降低由香烟烟雾水溶物引起的微核率，可能具有减轻由吸烟引起遗传损伤的作用。此外对上述结果的意义进行了讨论。     

Quantification of phytochelatins in plants by reversed-phase HPLC–ESI–MS–MS

An on-line HPLC–ESI–MS–MS method has been developed for determination of glutathione and phytochelatins (PC) in plant tissues. For sample pretreatment, dithiothreitol (DTT) must be added at the very beginning, as an anti-oxidant. Optimization of instrumental conditions i.e. composition of HPLC mobile phase, ionization efficiency of the electrospray interface, and MS–MS detection in the multiple ion-monitoring mode, are the central aspects of this work. A polystyrene-packed column was found to be superior to a standard silica-packed reversed-phase column. A concave quadratic gradient of ammonium formate buffer and acetonitrile was found to be optimum. The limits of quantitation were 0.2 mol kg^–1 plant tissue for glutathione and PC. The method has been applied to analysis of tissue samples from Vicia faba grown in Cd-containing nutrient solutions.Dedicated to the memory of Wilhelm Fresenius     

玄武湖水、金川河水诱发的蚕豆根尖细胞微核

玄武湖、金川河分别是南京著名的风景地和重要的环城河流，多年来玄武湖、金川河的水质污染越来越引起人们的重视．南京市内不少工厂的工业废水及居民的大量生活污水流入其中，特别是有毒物质，包括酚、苯、汞、氰化物、直链烷基苯磺酸钠、有机磷等．这些物质对人体健康的远期效应倍受人们关注．为此对玄武湖水、金川河水引起蚕豆根尖细胞染色体损伤所产生微核的情况进行了研究，就二处水样对生物体的致突变性及对人体健康的潜在危害进行了讨论     

蚕豆品种间过氧化物酶同工酶的初步研究

实验采用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法，对来源于不同地域的四个蚕豆品种同一时期不同器官的过氧化物酶同工酶进行了初步研究，结果表明：供试蚕豆的过氧化物酶同工酶酶谱明显地分为慢带区和快带区；不同品种同一器官以及同一品种不同器官间的同工酶酶谱间翥存在不同程度的差异；蚕豆品种间的同工酶酶谱能够真实地反映它们在遗传基础上的差异程度。这对于蚕豆的亲缘关系分析、蚕豆杂交育种的亲本选配、品种鉴定等理论研究、遗传育     

内蒙古野豌豆属7种2变种染色体核型研究

本文研究了内蒙古野豌豆属7种2变种的染色体核型,其中Vicia pseudorobus,V.costata,V.gi-gantae,V.japonics,V.amaena ver.oblangifotia的核型为首次报道;同时对该属的染色体基数与核型之间的关系进行了讨论,认为其染色体基数与核型组成及结构特征之间具有一定相关性.     

Involvement of nitric oxide in the signal transduction of salicylic acid regulating stomatal movement

The effects and the relationship between sali-cylic acid(SA)and nitric oxide(NO) on Vicia faba L.stomatal movement were studied.The results here showed that exogenous SA and NO induced stomatal closure,100μmol/L SA induced a rapid and striking NO increase in the cytosol of guard cells.This phenomenon was largely prevented by 2000μmol/L 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-l-oxyl-3-oxide(PTIO),a specific NO scavenger,and 25μmol/L N^G-nitro-L-Arg-methyl eater (L-NAME),an inhibitor of NO synthase(NOS) in mammalian cells that also inhibits plant NOS.In addition,SA-induced stomatal closure was largely prevented by PTIO and L-NAME.These results provide evidence that guard cells generate NO in response to SA via NOS-like activity,and that such NO production is required for full stomatal closure in response to SA.H-(1,2,4)-oxadiazole-[4,3-α]quinoxalin-l-one(ODQ),an inhibitor of guanylate cyclase,and nicotinamide,an antagonist of cADPR production,inhibited the effects of SA-and NO-induced stomatal closure.It suggests that both cGMP and cADPR might mediate the signal transduction of SA and NO-induced stomatal closure.     

蚕豆根尖微核技术检测金属冶炼厂废水污染状况

以滇东某金属冶炼厂废水出水口、距出水口2公里处和8公里处水样,并参照已测定的该厂所排废水中铜、锌、锰、铅和镉5种金属离子的含量配制溶液再稀释100和1000倍后的水样,共5个水样处理蚕豆根尖,用微核技术检测该厂废水污染状况.结果表明:该厂排放废水污染程度随着与出水口距离的增加有所减轻;此外,除稀释1000倍水样外,其他水样均为重污染或中度污染,单因素方差分析和多重比较结果显示,除稀释1000倍水样外,其他测试水样处理结果与对照均有极显著差异(P<0.01).     

细叶结缕草克隆植株生长发育时间节律初探

通过对克隆植物细叶结缕草（Zoysia tenuifolia Willd．）匍匐茎上复合节及各器官形态建成的时间观测，探讨其克隆植株生长发育的时间节律．研究表明：细叶结缕草的生长发育呈现出较强的节律性，主匍匐茎和二级匍匐茎的生长具有一定相似性．在主匍匐茎和二级匍匐茎上，一般3．3d左右形成一个复合节，而单个复合节间的发育一般需要持续7～8d时间．复合节间的30％的增长是在另外一个复合节形成并快速伸长的同时进行的．通过主匍匐茎的向前直线型生长和次级匍匐茎的侧向伸展，细叶结缕草分株种群规模扩大，提高了生态适应性和种间竞争能力．