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排序方式: 共有291条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Songxin Tan Ram M. Narayanan Sunil K. Shetty 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》2005,26(8):1175-1194
There is growing interest in the use of lidar for remote sensing of vegetation owing to the emergence of reliable and rugged lasers and highly sensitive detectors. Lidar remote sensing has a distinct advantage over conventional techniques in vegetation remote sensing due to its capability for three-dimensional characterization of vegetative targets. The Multiwavelength Airborne Polarimetric Lidar (MAPL) system was developed primarily for vegetation remote sensing applications from an airborne platform of up to 1,000 -m altitude. The lidar system has full waveform capture and polarimetric measurement capability at two wavelengths in the near-infrared (1064 nm) and the green (532 nm) spectral regions. This study presents preliminary ground-based lidar reflectance measurements on a variety of deciduous and coniferous trees under fully foliated conditions with a view towards tree species discrimination. Variations in the reflectance characteristics of selected deciduous trees under unfoliated and fully foliated conditions were also investigated. Our study reveals distinct differences in the reflectance characteristics of various trees. 相似文献
2.
Hiroshi Maehara 《Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics》1988,40(4):665-670
Consider a unit sphere on which are placed N random spherical caps of area 4p(N). We prove that if % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGGipm0dc9vqaqpepu0xbbG8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9% vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x% fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaa0aaaeaaca% qGSbGaaeyAaiaab2gaaaWaaeWaaeaacaWGWbWaaeWaaeaacaWGobaa% caGLOaGaayzkaaGaai4Taiaad6eacaGGVaGaaeiBaiaab+gacaqGNb% Gaaeiiaiaad6eaaiaawIcacaGLPaaacqGH8aapcaaIXaaaaa!454E!\[\overline {{\rm{lim}}} \left( {p\left( N \right)\cdotN/{\rm{log }}N} \right) < 1\], then the probability that the sphere is completely covered by N caps tends to 0 as N , and if % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+-% feaafeart1ev1aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn% hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr% 4rNCHbGeaGGipm0dc9vqaqpepu0xbbG8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq-Jc9% vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0-yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr-x% fr-xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaWaaWaaaeaaca% qGSbGaaeyAaiaab2gaaaWaaeWaaeaacaWGWbWaaeWaaeaacaWGobaa% caGLOaGaayzkaaGaai4Taiaad6eacaGGVaGaaeiBaiaab+gacaqGNb% Gaaeiiaiaad6eaaiaawIcacaGLPaaacqGH+aGpcaaIXaaaaa!4551!\[\underline {{\rm{lim}}} \left( {p\left( N \right)\cdotN/{\rm{log }}N} \right) > 1\], then for any integer n>0 the probability that each point of the sphere is covered more than n times tends to 1 as N . 相似文献
3.
福建万木林自然保护区植被研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
福建万木林是我国中亚热带一处以常绿阔叶林为保护主体的自然保护区,植物种类丰富,计有维管束植物160科580属1199种.区系成分中以泛热带分布、北温带分布、热带亚洲分布和东亚分布为主,分别占424个野生种子植物属的29.0%,15.1%,13.0%和11.3%.植被类型多样,包括了常绿阔叶林、常绿落叶阔叶混交林、暖性针叶林和暖性灌草丛等4种类型.万木林另有10种国家重点保护的珍稀濒危植物亟需加以妥善保护. 相似文献
4.
Traditional methodologies for the characterization of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in subsurface soil are expensive, time-consuming processes that are often conducted on samples collected at random. The determination of VOCs in near-surface soils and vegetation is the foundation for a more efficient sampling strategy to characterize subsurface soil and improve understanding of environmental problems.In the absence of a standard methodology for the determination of VOCs in vegetation and in view of the high detection limits of the method for soils, we developed a methodology using headspace gas chromatography with an electron capture detector for the determination of low levels (parts-per-billion to parts-per-trillion) of VOCs in soils and vegetation. The technique demonstrates good sensitivity, good recoveries of internal standards and surrogate compounds, good performance, and minimal waste. A case study involving application of this technique as a first-step vadose-zone characterization methodology is presented. 相似文献
5.
徐州市人工侧柏林的群落结构及物种多样性分析 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以徐州周围山地人工侧柏林为研究对象,在全面勘察的基础上,建立了10块具有代表性的调查样地.通过对群落的生境条件、种类组成和结构等的调查,详细分析了徐州市现有侧柏林的群落结构和物种多样性.分析结果显示,徐州周围山地现有人工侧柏林群落结构简单,物种丰富度和多样性较低,生长更新缓慢.建议引种朴树、臭椿、黄连木、三角槭、梧桐、女贞等树种,以改造林相,促进地带性植被的恢复. 相似文献
6.
7.
《Current Applied Physics》2015,15(11):1358-1363
In this study, we simultaneously grew different DNA nanostructures, including 5 helix ribbon (5HR), double-crossover (DX), and double-crossover with single hairpin (DX-SH) lattices, on a mica substrate, and we analyzed the concentration-dependent coverage percentages of 5HR at a fixed concentration of DX ([DX]), DX at a fixed [5HR], and DX-SH with both fixed [5HR] and [DX]. The structural features of the various nanostructures formed through mica-assisted growth annealing were confirmed via atomic force microscopy. To assess the temperature-dependent coverage rates on the given substrates, we introduced two simple models, i.e., the equipartition model (EPM) and the un-equipartition model (UEPM) which provide information on the amount of coverage for each of the given temperature. EPM provides an equal amount of the coverage percentage per temperature change due to its linear nature, but UEPM does not since it has a non-linear nature. The coverage percentages obtained by these models allow us to calculate, as a function of temperature, the coverage rates of 5HR at a fixed [DX] and DX-SH for both fixed [5HR] and [DX]. Although with EPM the coverage rates for the 5HR and DX-SH decreased linearly as the temperature decreased, they decreased non-linearly as the temperature decreased with UEPM. 相似文献
8.
9.
10.
Vegetation effects on mean daily maximum and minimum surface air temperatures over China 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Changes in the daily maximum (Tmax) and minimum (Tmin) surface air temperatures and the associated temperature extremes have severe consequences on human society and the natural environment. In this study, we assess vegetation effects on mean Tmax and Tmin over China by computing a vegetation feedback parameter using the satellite-sensed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and observed temperatures for the period 1982–2002. In all seasons, vegetation exerts a much stronger forcing on Tmax than on Tmin, and thus has a substantial effect on the diurnal temperature range (DTR) over China. Significant positive feedbacks on Tmax and the DTR occupy many areas of China with the feedback parameters exceeding 1°C (0.1 NDVI)–1, while significant negative effects only appear over the summertime climatic and ecological transition zone of northern China and some other isolated areas. Also, the vegetation feedbacks are found to vary with season. In areas where significant feedbacks occur, vegetation contributes to typically 10%–30% of the total variances in Tmax, Tmin, and the DTR. These findings suggest that vegetation memory offers the potential for improving monthly-to-seasonal forecasting of Tmax and Tmin, and the associated temperature extremes over China. Meanwhile, the limitations and uncertainties of the study should be recognized. 相似文献