城市技术创新促进城乡统筹发展的研究

揭示了城市技术创新系统和城乡统筹发展的内涵,并在技术创新、增长极和区域经济等理论框架下阐述了城市技术创新与城乡统筹发展的关系,进而提出城市技术创新促进城乡统筹的路径。     

层次分析法在城市土地分级中的应用

探讨了用层次分析法对城市土地等级进行定量评价的原理和方法，并以济南市为例进行实证研究，取得了较好的效果，为土地有偿使用和城市规划提供了依据。     

A transport model for the evolution of urban systems

When comparing an urban system to an elasto-plastic lattice, an analogy to the solid state of matter can be exploited using the concepts of the band theory similarly. Thereafter, the population dynamics – in a region of certain stability in the state space and within appropriate energy bands – can be described in terms of Cellular Automata, with two mobile agents or pseudo particles: the inhabitant (representative of an average individual) and the recurson (representative of its multidimensional resources). As in the solid state, transition rules take the form of two coupled transport equations, comprising the terms equivalent to the generation-recombination and circulation processes. The first process can be compared to a predator–prey growth model, typical of Ecology; whereas the circulation process – composed of a drift component and a diffusion component – should be compared to the concentration-sprawl demographic balance seen in urban occupation and dynamics. Thus, it needs to be defined and determined an urban potential function, an equivalent population charge, mobility and diffusion parameters, as well as net growth factors. This analogy, discussed within the context of a case study for Great Mendoza, plausibly explains the varied growth rates of the political departments, as well as the principal urban trends for spatial occupation.     

Particle-size distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban air in southern Spain

The size distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) was determined for airborne particles from a large city with high vehicular traffic. The analytical method was optimised and validated using NIST standard reference material (SRM 1649a Urban Dust). The 16 priority PAH listed in the US-EPA were Soxhlet-extracted from filtered particulate matter and then fractionated using on-column chromatography. The aromatic fraction was quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Real samples of particles collected in Seville (Spain) were analysed using the validated method. Values for the total concentration of PAH in the air, as well as the concentrations of each PAH in six particle-size ranges were obtained. Values of the PAH in TSP, PM₁₀, PM_2.5 and PM₁ were assessed.     

Capillary electrophoresis determinative and GC-MS confirmatory method for water-soluble organic acids in airborne particulate matter and vehicle emission

Urban fine airborne particulate matter (PM2.5) and vehicle emission samples were studied for water-soluble low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids using CE with indirect UV detection. Further identification of these acids was achieved using GC-MS as their butyl esters (after derivatization with BF3/butanol). Several dicarboxylic acids in the range C2-C10 including straight-chain, branched-chain, cis- and trans-unsaturated, and aromatic acids were confirmed by GC-MS. In addition, aromatic acids such as benzoate, phthalate, terephthalate, isophthalate, and 4-methylphtalate were present in such samples, but some of these were not well resolved by the used CE method. Oxocarboxylic acids (Cn(w) with n > 4) were also identified by GC-MS but not determined by CE due to lack of standards. The rapidity and simplicity of the CE method were clearly demonstrated, and the method was observed to be advantageous for routine monitoring of water-soluble organic acids in airborne PM2.5 and vehicle emission at low microg/L levels.     

城市地价监测点配置的一种模式

地价监测点配置关系到城市地价水平的真实反映，影响到我国城市地价监测体系的系统性和规范性．提出以空间分层抽样技术为基础，首先确定城市地价监测点总量，然后选择一定的指标，分别确定地价监测点在城市内不同区域、不同用地类型、不同土地级别中的分布，经综合平衡，最后确定地价监测点配置方案．该模式解决了我国当前地价监测体系建立中如何配置监测点这一技术问题．     

城镇体系空间结构的信息维分析

本文提出了城镇体系空间结构的信息维测算及其分析方法。以河南省北部为研究区，测算出该区域城镇体系空间分布的信息维数，然后结合多分维进行为数值分析，揭示系统的结构特征并指出问题的实质所在，进而提出优化的设想。     

平顶山市新城区景观水体的生态保护

水体景观是平顶山市新城区的特色与亮点,而景观水体是一个脆弱的生态环境.新城区景观水体生态保护问题,是建设适宜21世纪人类居住环境的关键.根据平顶山市新城区自然环境的特点,探讨了在新城区开发建设过程中,水库近岸湿地生态系统的保护、分水岭以北区域水体景观的建设及公共环境意识等问题.     

南京城市森林的降水特征

分析南京市国家气象站和其城市森林林区外(定点)气候站16 a的降水日记录资料,从月降水日数、各月最多一日降水量、暴雨等方面研究了南京城市森林的降水特征。结果表明:多年平均降水日数是林区少于市区7.3 d。两站各月最多一日降水强度按级分布的年变化趋势一致,且11至3月时期,各月日最大降水级可达大雨,中雨级的百分率为林区大于市区,而小雨级则相反。4~10月的各月都可能发生暴雨级降水,两测站暴雨发生的次数及雨量都无明显的差异。     

长春市城市绿地建设及存在问题探讨

城市绿地生态建设是城市建设中的一项重要内容，具有自净能力的绿地，在维护城市生态平衡和改善城市生态环境方面起着其它基础设施所无法替代的重要作用，本文根据实地调研和遥感技术解译的资料，分析了长春市城市绿地生态建设的当前情况，提出了当前建设中存在的问题，并建议应从生态学的角度去建设城市绿地．