A New Triterpene from the Orchid Pholidota yunnanensis

A new triterpene, 25-methylenecyclopholidonyl p-hydroxy-trans-cinnamate, was isolated from a orchid Pholidota yunnanensis. The structure elucidation and ^1H, ^13C-NMR assignments were achieved by spectral and chemical method.     

Two new cyclopeptides from stellaria yunnanensis

In the previous papers, we reported the isolation and structural elucidation of three new cyclopeptides, namely stellarin A, B and C, from the fresh roots of stellaria yunnanensis Franch. In a continued study on this plant, other two new cyclopeptides named stellarin D(1) and E(2) were obtained and their structures were established to be cyclo (Gly-Tyr-Leu-Phe-Pro-Ile-Pro)(1), cyclo(Gly-Ile-Pro-Tyr-Ile-Ala-Ala)(2), respectively.     

Constituents from Rubia Ustulata Diels and R. Yunnanensis Diels and Their Antiplatelet Aggregation Activity

A new anthraquinone glycoside, rubiayannone‐A ( 1 ), and a new coumarin, rubilatin‐A ( 2 ), together with twenty‐two known compounds were isolated and characterized from the roots of Rubia ustulata. A new anthraquinone, 2‐carbomethoxyanthraquinone ( 3 ), and rubiayannone‐A, 2‐formylanthraquinone were obtained from the roots of R. yunnanensis. The structures of those compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. The antiplatelet aggregation activity of the isolated compounds 1, 4～6 were also discussed.     

云南棒腿蝗雄性的首次发现（蝗总科：斑腿蝗科）

云南棒腿蝗雄性的首次发现（蝗总科：斑腿蝗科）郑哲民（陕西师范大学动物研究所，西安７１００６２；作者，男，６１岁，教授）云南棒腿蝗ＴｙｌｏｔｒｏｐｉｄｉｕｓｙｕｎｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓＺｈｅｎｇｅｔＬｉａｎｇ为作者１９９０年发表的新种，当时仅有雌性标本．笔者...     

云南松的种群遗传与进化

本文从种群遗传学的角度研究了云南松（pinus yunnanensis)的遗传体制，种群内的多态现象，种群的遗传结构，演化潜力，生态小种和地理小种以及共交种等问题，得出的若干结论如下：（1）种内存在巨大的遗传变异，如在自然 群中表明的，几乎所有可见的形态性状都具有多态现象，这种巨大的遗传变异是自然选择进化的一个必要条件。（2）自然种群中，大多数个体的基因型很多座位都是杂合的，它们常表现出杂种优势，并且也可能表明增强了生理上发育上的体内平衡。（3）由于种群大，而且又分割成许多相对独立的亚群，各种进化要素都有能同时起作用，并已分化出生态种和地理小种，（4）云南松具有拟态种子，其起源和适应意义作了初步讨论。     

观光木和云南含笑精油化学成分的研究和比较

用GC／MS方法,定性定量地分析了观光木（TsoongiodendronodorumChun）和云南含笑（Micheliayunnanensis）精油的化学成分,分别鉴定出30个和36个化合物．两种精油化学成分比较,相差较大．该研究可能为这两种植物的分类学提供一定的化学依据,     

不同病虫害危害程度下云南松针叶光谱模拟及其生化参数敏感性分析

明确植被叶片反射率对生化参数敏感程度是遥感定量反演生化参数含量的前提。本文以不同健康状态下的云南松针叶光谱为例,基于查找表法(LUT)对针叶光谱模型LIBERTY的叶绿素和水分吸收系数进行了标定。提出了一种新的光谱合成方法和枯黄指数YI,解决LIBERTY模型不能有效拟合严重受害程度的云南松针叶反射光谱曲线的问题。并应用EFAST全局敏感性分析方法,利用标定后的LIBERTY模型定量分析了不同受害程度的针叶生化参数敏感性变化。结果表明:(1)标定后的LIBERTY模型能有效拟合健康针叶光谱(R~2=0.999,RMSE0.01)、轻度(R~2=0.991,RMSE0.02)和中度受害针叶光谱(R~2=0.992,RMSE0.03);但是严重受害针叶光谱模拟能力很差(R~2=0.803,RMSE0.1)。(2)新光谱合成方法能有效拟合严重受害光谱(R~2=0.991,RMSE0.03);枯黄指数(YI)能够定量分析受害程度。(3)随着受害程度加深,针叶反射率对叶绿素、水分参数敏感度降低,而基吸收、白化吸收等参数敏感度增大,且存在敏感波段。如在505~565和705~850 nm范围白化吸收对针叶反射率作用明显;对于严重受害针叶,除了叶绿素之外白化吸收对可见光区针叶反射率影响也非常显著;通过引入白化吸收先验知识,发现如果能进一步确定白化吸收情况,能够提高严重受害针叶叶绿素反演的精度。     

Development of an HPLC‐DAD method for the determination of five alkaloids in Stephania yunnanensis Lo and in rat plasma after oral dose of Stephania yunnanensis Lo extracts

For the rational utilization and the quantitative quality control of the Stephania yunnanensis Lo, an HPLC‐DAD method was developed for the quantitative and simultaneous determination of five alkaloids in rat plasma (stepharine, sinomenine, palmatine, isocorydine and tetrahydropalmatine), which were the main active chemical constituents of this plant and belong to four kinds of isoquinoline‐type alkaloids (protoberberine, morphine, aporphine and protaporphine alkaloids). The contents of five alkaloids ranged from 0.09 to 2.32% (w/w). The method validation was tested for the linearity (r² > 0.9975), precision (intra‐day RSD < 4.8% and inter‐day RSD < 4.9%), extraction recovery (85.49 ± 2.29% to 99.21 ± 1.48%) and stability (98.5 ± 5.3% to 101.2 ± 3.4%). We developed an HPLC‐DAD method to simultaneously measure these alkaloids in rat plasma after oral administration of the extract of this plant to rats. The results supported the hypothesis that isoquinoline alkaloids were the compounds responsible for the main pharmacological activities for anti‐inflammatory and analgesic.     

Benzophenone glycosides from the pericarps of Aquilaria yunnanensis S. C. Huang

Abstract

Two new benzophenone glycosides, aquilarisides A (1) and B (2), together with six known analogues (3-8) were isolated from the pericarps of Aquilaria yunnanensis S. C. Huang. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR and mass spectroscopic analyses, and the absolute configuration of compound 1 was determined by experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Anti-inflammatory activities of all compounds 1–8 were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells using the Griess assay. Compound 2 indicated a weak inhibition of NO production.     

云南松优良家系超级苗选择研究

 为探讨云南松苗期选择的依据和标准,加速现有优良遗传资源的早期、短期开发利用,对20个家系1 a苗木的生长性状差异进行了分析.结果表明:家系之间以及同一家系不同个体之间的苗高、地径生长量存在极显著差异,且苗高生长量差异明显大于地径生长量.因此,以各家系平均高生长量加1倍标准差为最低标准进行超级苗选择,在11 331株育种群体中共选超级苗1 629株,入选率为14.3%.其中,超级苗平均高度为8.92 cm,比育种群体平均高度增加35.9%;超级苗平均地径为3.50 mm,比育种群体平均地径增加3.6%.