全文获取类型
收费全文 | 192篇 |
免费 | 6篇 |
国内免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 73篇 |
物理学 | 1篇 |
综合类 | 132篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 1篇 |
2022年 | 10篇 |
2021年 | 8篇 |
2020年 | 6篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 5篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 10篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 8篇 |
2013年 | 2篇 |
2012年 | 7篇 |
2011年 | 11篇 |
2010年 | 5篇 |
2009年 | 11篇 |
2008年 | 7篇 |
2007年 | 12篇 |
2006年 | 4篇 |
2005年 | 19篇 |
2004年 | 12篇 |
2003年 | 8篇 |
2002年 | 10篇 |
2001年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 2篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1992年 | 1篇 |
1991年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有206条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The production cost of cellulolytic enzymes is a major contributor to the high cost of ethanol production from lignocellulosics
using enzymatic hydrolysis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the cellulolytic enzyme production ofTrichoderma reesei Rut C 30, which is known as a good cellulase secreting micro-organism, using willow as the carbon source. The willow, which
is a fast-growing energy crop in Sweden, was impregnated with 1–4% SO2 and steam-pretreated for 5 min at 206°C. The pretreated willow was washed and the wash water, which contains several soluble
sugars from the hemicellulose, was supplemented with fibrous pretreated willow and used for enzyme production. In addition
to sugars, the liquid contains degradation products such as acetic acid, furfural, and 5-hydroxy-methylfurfural, which are
inhibitory for microorganisms. The results showed that 50% of the cellulose can be replaced with sugars from the wash water.
The highest enzyme activity, 1.79 FPU/mL and yield, 133 FPU/g carbohydrate, was obtained at pH 6.0 using 20 g/L carbon source
concentration. At lower pHs, a total lack of growth and enzyme production was observed, which probably could be explained
by furfural inhibition. 相似文献
2.
Bergquist Peter L. Te’o V. S. Junior Gibbs Moreland D. Cziferszky Angela C. E. De Faria Fabricia P. Azevedo Maristela O. Nevalainen K. M. Helena 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2002,98(1-9):165-176
Cost-effective production of enzymes for industrial processes makes the appropriate selection of the host-vector expression
system critical. We have developed two systems for the bulk production of bleaching enzymes from thermophiles. Kluyveromyces lactis has been developed as a secretion host employing expression vectors based on the 2μ-like plasmid pKD1 of Kluyveromyces drosophilarium. Our second system involves the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei. Fusion and nonfusion vectors have been constructed using the strong cellobiohydrolase 1 (cbh1) promoter. The KEX2 protease cleavage site and a 6 × HIS-tag have been incorporated to facilitate both cleavage and purification
of the mature foreign proteins. 相似文献
3.
József Medve Jerry Ståhlberg Folke Tjerneld 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1997,66(1):39-56
Adsorption to microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel) of pure cellobiohydrolase I and II (CBH I and CBH II) fromTrichoderma reesei has been studied. Adsorption isotherms of the enzymes were measured at 4‡C using CBH I and CBH II alone and in reconstituted
equimolar mixtures. Several models (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Jovanovic) were tested to describe the experimental adsorption
isotherms. The isotherms did not follow the basic (one site) Langmuir equation that has often been used to describe adsorption
isotherms of cellulases; correlation coefficients (R2) were only 0.926 and 0.947, for CBH I and II, respectively. The experimental isotherms were best described by a model of
Langmuir type with two adsorption sites and by a combined Langmuir-Freundlich model (analogous to the Hill equation); using
these models the correlation coefficients were in most cases higher than 0.995. Apparent binding parameters derived from the
two sites Langmuir model indicated stronger binding of CBH II compared to CBH I; the distribution coefficients were 20.7 and
3.7 L/g for the two enzymes, respectively. The binding capacity, on the other hand, was higher for CBH I, 1.0 Μmol (67 mg)
per gram Avicel, compared to 0.57 Μmol/g (30 mg/g) for CBH II. The isotherms when analyzed with the combined Langmuir-Freundlich
model indicated presence of unequal binding sites on cellulose and/or negative cooperativity in the binding of the enzyme
molecules. 相似文献
4.
A starter culture ofTrichoderma reesei (Rut-C30) prepared in a liquid fluidized bed reactor (LFBR) gave better growth and greater cellulase production in submerged
fermentation than a conventional shake flask inoculum. The LFBR starter was prepared by first coatingT. reesei spores to 0.25 mm size corncob (1.0x108g-1) in a medium containing 1.0% corncob, 0.5 gL-1 xylose and 0.1 gL-1 lactose in a balanced salt solution, then fluidizing the particles in the LFBR for 36 h to allow germination of the spores,
and covering the particles with an approx 30 μm thick biofilm. This biofilm that developed in constant adherence to the lignocellulosic
carrier, apparently became well adapted to grow rapidly on insoluble cellulose substrates (Solca Floc), and had the enzymes
of the cellulase complex induced for increased cellulase production.
The LFBR starter used in a stirred tank reactor (STR) gave 15 gL-1 biomass production and 6.5 IU mL-1 overall cellulase activity with a volumetric productivity of 64 IU L-1h-1 in a 5 d fermentation, compared with a 7 d shake flask inoculum that gave 11 gL-1 biomass and 3.2 IU mL-1 cellulase activity, with a volumetric productivity of 31IU L-1h-1. The LFBR starter culture retained its viability in dry storage for 6–9 mo. 相似文献
5.
It is commonly observed that the rate of enzymatic hydrolysis of solid cellulose substrates declines markedly with time. In
this work the mechanism behind the rate reduction was investigated using two dominant cellulases of Trichoderma reesei: exoglucanase Cel7A (formerly known as CBHI) and endoglucanase Cel7B (formerly EGI). Hydrolysis of steam-pretreated spruce
(SPS) was performed with Cel7A and Cel7B alone, and in reconstituted mixtures. Throughout the 48-h hydrolysis, soluble products,
hydrolysis rates, and enzyme adsorption to the substrate were measured. The hydrolysis rate for both enzymes decreases rapidly
with hydrolysis time. Both enzymes adsorbed rapidly to the substrate during hydrolysis. Cel7A and Cel7B cooperate synergistically,
and synergism was approximately constant during the SPS hydrolysis. Thermal instability of the enzymes and product inhibition
was not the main cause of reduced hydrolysis rates. Adding fresh substrate to substrate previously hydrolyzed for 24 h with
Cel7A slightly increased the hydrolysis of SPS; however, the rate increased even more by adding fresh Cel7A. This suggests
that enzymes become inactivated while adsorbed to the substrate and that unproductive binding is the main cause of hydrolysis
rate reduction. The strongest increase in hydrolysis rate was achieved by adding Cel7B. An improved model is proposed that
extends the standard endo-exo synergy model and explains the rapid decrease in hydrolysis rate. It appears that the processive
action of Cel7A becomes hindered by obstacles in the lignocellulose substrate. Obstacles created by disordered cellulose chains
can be removed by the endo activity of Cel7B, which explains some of the observed synergism between Cel7A and Cel7B. The improved
model is supported by adsorption studies during hydrolysis. 相似文献
6.
Alejandro Colina Betzabé Sulbarán-de-Ferrer Cateryna Aiello Alexis Ferrer 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2003,108(1-3):715-724
Xylanase production of Trichoderma reesei Rut C-30 was examined at different initial pH values (4.8, 5.9, and 7.0) on rice straw in shake flasks, and in a fermentor,
for the best pH condition. Enzyme performance was tested on ammonia-treated dwarf elephant grass. The maximum xylanase activities,
92 and 122 IU/mL, were obtained at pH 4.8 in the shake flasks and fermentor, respectively, in which good growth of the fungus
was observed during the first 24 h and consumption of proteins dissolved from the rice straw caused the pH to rise later to
values between 6.4 and 6.7 (optimal for xylanase production). The xylanases from T. reesei were as effective as Multifect XL, a commercial enzyme preparation, in hydrolyzing ammonia-treated elephant grass. 相似文献
7.
《河南师范大学学报(自然科学版)》2016,(6):145-148
粘绿木霉Gv29-8作为木霉属中重要的生防菌之一,对该菌分泌蛋白进行预测及其特征进行明确具有重要的理论意义。利用SignalP、ProtComp等预测程序对该菌中12427条蛋白质序列进行分泌蛋白找寻,并对上述分泌蛋白的氨基酸分布、信号肽长度大小及切割位点等性质进行分析。粘绿木霉含有分泌蛋白为377个,其氨基酸长度、信号肽长度与植物病原菌不同;信号肽切割位点属于A-X-A类型,与其他已经报道的植物病原真菌、卵菌中分泌蛋白信号肽切割位点一致。 相似文献
8.
Takeshi Yamada Yuki MizutaniYoshihide Umebayashi Naoko InnoMaiko Kawashima Takashi KikuchiReiko Tanaka 《Tetrahedron letters》2014
Tandyukisin (1), a novel decalin derivative with an enolic β-ketoaldehyde, has been isolated from a strain of Trichoderma harzianum OUPS-111D-4 originally derived from the marine sponge Halichondria okadai, and its structure has been elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses using 1D and 2D NMR techniques. In addition, the absolute configuration for 1 was established by the application of CD spectrum to the tribenzoate derivative. This compounds exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines. 相似文献
9.
哈茨木霉CGMCC 2979生物转化栀子中的京尼平苷制备京尼平 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用微生物直接转化药材的方法,将栀子中的京尼平苷转化为京尼平,无需糖苷酶和京尼平苷的制备. 在培养温度为30 ℃,pH 6.1以及栀子载量为80 g/L的条件下,48 h京尼平苷的转化率为97.8%. 转化后的京尼平通过XAD-16N大孔树脂偶联硅胶层析的方法,制备得到纯度大于95%的京尼平,收率为62.3%. 在催化、转化机制研究中,从哈茨木霉CGMCC2979的发酵液中分离得到了分子量为74.4 kDa的京尼平苷β-葡萄糖苷酶,该酶最优催化条件为50 ℃和pH 4.0-5.0. Km和Vmax分别为3.6 mmol/L和775 μmol/h/mg蛋白. 本文提供了一种简便、高效制备京尼平的新方法. 相似文献
10.
通过(NH4)2SO4分级沉淀、HiPrep 26/10 Desalting脱盐柱、Source15Q阴离子交换柱、Source 15 S阳离子交换柱、HiTrap 16/60 Sephacryl S 200 HR凝胶过滤等技术,分离纯化3种来源里氏木霉、黑曲霉、里氏木霉与黑曲霉混合纤维素酶液中的β-葡萄糖苷酶。结果表明,经SDS PAGE电泳鉴定均为电泳纯,测得黑氏木霉、黑曲霉单独培养β-葡萄糖苷酶相对分子质量分别为68、129 ku,而混合菌培养分离得到两种β-葡萄糖苷酶分子质量大小分别为66.2、134 ku。与单独培养的β-葡萄糖苷酶相似。3种来源的β-葡萄糖苷酶经多步分离纯化后的纯化倍数分别为37.25、40.21、30.12,酶活回收率分别为20.1 2%、23.21 %、28.56 %。 相似文献