设立战略家工作室，创建世界一流思想库

思想库建设的核心是出新思想和出战略思想家。思想是个人创造的，需要十年磨一剑，往往以学术专著的形式发表。运用开放式评价与“成果＆amp;行为”创新人才评鉴法可以及时识别战略思想家，为他们设立战略家工作室，形成战略家工作室网络，创建世界一流思想库。     

液化石油气储罐全面检验和缺陷处理

通过对1台100m3液化石油气储罐全面检验中发现的缺陷进行了原因分析并提出处理方法,结果表明,该液化石油气储罐在检验周期内运行是安全的。所做的检验工作,对液化石油气储罐的安全运行起着重要作用,同时为以后进行其他类型储罐的检验及缺陷处理提供参考。     

Fuzzy level control of a tank with optimum valve movement

This paper presents a fuzzy-based controller chip to control the level of a tank. A motor valve controls the tank level. The significant aim of this paper is to present a controller for minimizing the movement of the motor valve, at the same time, setting the level of the tank at defined points. The advantages of this type of control are to reduce both motor and input valve amortization and to increase their useful lifetime. On the other hand, simple and inexpensive elements are used in order to measure tank level and output flow. This is another advantage of the method. The controller is designed by fuzzy techniques in CMOS technology. The die size of the chip is .     

坦克测压取样管路系统动态特性分析及信号的修正

针对坦克动力舱排风口气压测量问题,研究了测压取样管道内的空气柱谐振效应对测量的影响,及在脉动气压测量中的校准技术。利用声学换能器为标准气压激励源,构建了测压管道动态特性测试系统。通过扫频方式研究了四种倒L结构取样管道在多种气压幅度激励条件下的传输特性;并且设计了频域滤波器对风压畸变信号进行修。实验结果表明:取样管道系统属于线性系统。实测风压的强脉动特征主要受管道频响特性的影响。经过频域滤波之后风压畸变信号的脉动特性明显减弱。     

储罐罐壁缺陷的低速漏磁检测研究

针对储罐罐壁缺陷的漏磁检测,做出速度效应分析,研究了不同速度时,以及低速时各缺陷的漏磁检测效果。通过速度效应的理论分析,再利用有限元仿真软件分析磁滞后效应与涡流效应,发现缺陷的低速检测结果是可以通过软件模拟的;同时可忽略涡流效应。模拟分析了不同缺陷的低速漏磁检测结果,并得到了很好的结果曲线。最后通过实验证明:4 m/min的速度具有很好的漏磁检测效果。     

An immersed boundary–lattice Boltzmann approach to study the dynamics of elastic membranes in viscous shear flows

A combined immersed boundary–lattice Boltzmann approach is used to simulate the dynamics of elastic membrane immersed in a viscous incompressible flow. The lattice Boltzmann method is utilized to solve the flow field on a regular Eulerian grid, while the immersed boundary method is employed to incorporate the fluid–membrane interaction with a Lagrangian representation of the deformable immersed boundary. The distinct feature of the method used here is to employ the combination of simple Peskin's IBM and standard LBM. In order to obtain more accurate and truthful solutions, however, a non-uniform distribution of Lagrangian points and a modified Dirac delta function are used. Two test cases are presented. In the first case, we consider a vesicle suspended in a simple shear flow commonly known as tank-treading motion. The computed results were compared with experiments, which showed reasonably good agreement. For the second test case, we consider individual healthy (soft) and sick (stiff) RBCs suspended in a shear flow. The simulation results demonstrated that elastic deformation plays an important role in overall RBC motions characterized as tank-treading and tumbling motions, in which the natural state of the elastic membrane is an essential consideration. In addition, the results confirm that the combination of the immersed boundary and lattice Boltzmann methods permits the simulation of the complex biological phenomena.     

Overwinter changes to near-surface bulk density, penetration resistance and infiltration rates in compacted soil

Previous studies at Yakima Training Center (YTC), in Washington State, suggest freeze-thaw (FT) cycles can ameliorate soil compacted by tracked military vehicles [J. Terramechanics 38 (2001) 133]. However, we know little about the short-term effects of soil freezing over a single winter. We measured bulk density (BD), soil penetration resistance (SPR), and steady-state runoff rates in soil newly tracked by an Abrams tank and in uncompacted soil, before and after a single winter at YTC. We similarly measured BD, SPR and saturated hydraulic conductivity (k_fs) in simulated tank tracks at another site near Lind Washington. Average BD was significantly greater in tank ruts at YTC and in simulated tracks at the Lind site than in uncompacted soil soon after tracking and did not change significantly during the winter of 1997–1998. Measurements of SPR were strongly influenced by soil moisture. When soil was moist or tracks were newly formed, SPR was significantly higher in tank ruts than in uncompacted soil from the surface to a depth of about 10–15 cm. The greatest average SPR in compacted soil was observed between 4 and 6 cm depth. We observed less difference in SPR between tank ruts and uncompacted soil near-surface at YTC as the time after trafficking increased. We observed highest SPR ratios (compacted rut:undisturbed) in fresh tracks near the surface, with lower ratios associated with increasing track age or soil depth, indicating that some recovery had occurred at YTC near-surface. However, we did not observe a similar over-winter change in SPR profiles at the Lind site. Rainfall simulator data from YTC showed higher steady-state runoff rates in tank ruts than over uncompacted soil both before and after winter. However, more time was required to reach steady-state flow in tank ruts and the proportion of runoff was slightly lower in May 1998 than in August 1997. At the Lind site, k_fs was lower in newly compacted soil than in one-year old compacted soil or uncompacted soil. Our data suggest that indices of water infiltration such as steady-state runoff rates or k_fs, are more sensitive indicators of soil recovery after compaction than are BD or SPR.     

储油罐变位识别与罐容表标定的研究

对于储油罐的变位识别与罐容表标定的问题,该文使用微元法分别建立了储油罐在无变位及变位后罐内油位高度与储油量之间关系的数学模型,结合MATLAB软件确定储油罐的变位参数,对变位后的罐容表进行了标定.结果表明建立的数学模型准确性较强,易于实施.     

基于模糊控制的清水池水位控制系统设计

清水池水位控制具有时变、滞后、突发性强等特点,难以准确建立合适的数学模型,为了达到快速维持清水池水位在期望值,避免所有水泵同时启停的目的,提出了一种清水池水位模糊控制的方法,该方法借助于MATLAB软件对控制系统进行了仿真,验证了模糊控制算法在清水池水位控制系统中应用的合理性,并计算出模糊输出控制量表,为确定水泵启停台数提供指导。采用了S7-200 PLC控制器和MCGS组态软件实现了清水池模糊控制系统的程序设计,给出相应的模糊控制PLC程序,并应用于清水池水位控制系统中。结果表明,系统稳定性好,响应速度快,能够较好的满足控制要求。系统将模糊控制理论与实际控制相结合,满足了清水池水位控制的要求,延长了水泵使用寿命,节省电能,为清水池水位自动控制提供借鉴。     

关于修复球罐缺陷方案的几个问题

依据焊接缺陷评定标准PD6493-8O,CVDA-84,JWES-2805,关于从球罐钻取的深埋夹杂与气孔的实验和金相研究,对于多台球罐最大表面裂纹的断裂力学评定,并鉴于修补这类缺陷占总修补量的70～80%,我们认为放宽气孔与夹杂的验收标准是妥当的