N-对三氟甲基苯基-α-氨基烷基膦酸酯的合成、晶体结构及生物活性

采用活性基团拼接法将氟原子引入α-氨基烷基膦酸酯中,合成了一系列含氟芳基α-氨基烷基膦酸酯类新化合物,结构经元素分析,IR,1H NMR及MS确认.对所合成的化合物进行了抑制烟草花叶病毒(TMV)田间生物测试,结果表明,该类化合物具有良好的抑制TMV活性,其中4d化合物在0.0005%浓度下对烟草花叶病毒(TMV)防效达到了67.03%.就此对4d化合物作了单晶培养,并就晶体结构进行了X衍射分析.结构表明4d化合物分子属单斜晶系,空间群P21/c.晶胞参数a=1.1957(5)nm,b=1.0664(5)nm,c=1.5943(7)nm,α=90°,β=97.623(8)°,γ=90°,V=2.0150(15)nm3,Z=4.Dc=1.336 Mg/m3,μ=0.189nm-1,F(000)=840.     

北疆地区辣椒上烟草花叶病毒（TMV）各分离物的差异性研究

以ＴＭＶ－ｏｍ为对照,测定了辣椒上５个烟草花叶病毒分离物Ｐ－９、Ｐ－３８、Ｐ－４４、Ｐ－７１、ＴＭＶ－ｗｙｍ在４２个辣椒品种、品系上的致病反应,结果表明这５个分离物对辣椒的致病性存在明显差异：Ｐ－７１、ＴＭＶ－ｗｙｍ＞Ｐ－９＞Ｐ－３８、Ｐ－４４;对接种过５个ＴＭＶ分离物的辣椒（四平头）进行过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）和酯酶（ＥＳＴ）同工酶分析,结果表明辣椒上５个ＴＭＶ分离物引起的酶活性有差异：导致ＰＯＤ上活性强弱为ＴＭＶ－ｗｙｍ＞Ｐ－９、Ｐ－３８＞Ｐ－４４、Ｐ－７１;引起ＥＳＴ活性强弱为Ｐ－３８＞ＴＭＶ－ｗｙｍ、Ｐ－４４＞Ｐ－７１＞Ｐ－９。说明北疆地区辣椒上ＴＭＶ存在着分化。     

核酶的化学合成及其对烟草花叶病毒RNA片段的体外剪切

设计并用化学方法合成了针对烟草花叶病毒ＲＮＡ的核酶ＲＺ－１及ＲＺ－１小型化的核酶ＲＺ－２以及它们的底物ＲＮＡ片段Ｓｂ,研究了两种核酶对底物Ｓｂ的体外催化活性,并把核酶Ｒｚ－１与生物合成的相同组成的核酶Ｒｚ－１’进行了比较试验。     

Detection of TMV with ODA-H(2)O(2)-HRP voltammetric enzyme-linked immunoassay system

o-Dianisidine (ODA)-H₂O₂-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) voltammetric enzyme-linked immunoassay system has firstly been used for the detection of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). HRP catalyzes strongly the oxidation reaction of ODA by H₂O₂, the product of which produces a sensitive second order derivative linear sweep voltammetric peak at potential of −0.56 V (versus SCE) in Britton–Robinson (BR) buffer. HRP activity has been measured with this voltammetric peak and TMV detected through immunoreaction. The detection limit for HRP is 9.25×10^-7 mU l⁻¹ and the linear range is 2.5×10⁻⁶–5.0×10⁻⁴ mU l⁻¹. The detection limit for the clarified TMV is 0.25 ng ml⁻¹ and the highest dilution ratio detected for the infected leaf sap is 1:8×10⁵. The sensitivity for TMV detection with this method is higher than that with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent spectrophotometric assay (ELISA) using ODA-H₂O₂-HRP system. The processes of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction and the electro-reduction of the product of the enzyme-catalyzed reaction have been described.     

Design,synthesis, biological activity evaluation and mechanism of action of myricetin derivatives containing thioether quinazolinone

Plant bacteria and viruses have a huge negative impact on food crops in the world. Therefore, it is important to create new and efficient green pesticides. In this paper, a series of myricetin derivatives containing quinazolinone sulfide were introduced. Good antibacterial and antiviral activities of the drug molecules 2-((3-((5,7-dimethoxy-4-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy)propyl)thio)-6-fluoro-3-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (T5) and 2-((4-((5,7-dimethoxy-4-oxo-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-3-yl)oxy)butyl)thio)-6-methyl-3-phenylquinazolin-4(3H)-one (T15) respectively were found by biological activity screening. The value of dissociation constant (K_d) of compound T15 to TMV CP was 0.024 ± 0.006 μM, determined by Microscale thermophoresis (MST), which was far less than the value of 8.491 ± 2.027 μM of commercial drug ningnanmycin (NNM). The interaction between compound T15 and TMV CP was further verified by molecular docking. Compound T15 formed strong hydrogen bonds with residues SER:49 and SER:15 (1.92 Å, 2.20 Å, respectively), which were superior to the traditional hydrogen bonds formed by NNM with residue SER:215 (3.64 Å). In addition, the effects of compound T15 on the contents of chlorophyll and peroxidase (POD) in tobacco were studied, and the results indicated that compound T15 could enhance the disease resistance of tobacco plants to a certain extent.     

Two new compounds from the fruit of Ailanthus altissima

A new phenolic derivative, 4-hydroxyphenol-1-O-[6-O-(E)-feruloyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl]-(1→6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (1), and a new terpenylated coumarin, named altissimacoumarin H (2) were identified from the fruit of Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (Simaroubaceae), together with ten known compounds (3–12), including two coumarins and eight phenylpropanoids. Their structures were determined on the basis of chemical method and spectroscopic data. Antiviral effect against Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) of all the compounds obtained were evaluated using leaf-disc method.     

烟草普通花叶病的发生与药剂防治研究

对烟草普通花叶病的发生与药剂防治进行研究的结果表明 ,花叶病在 4月上旬严重发生 ,于 5月上中旬达到高峰。在选用的几种药剂中 ,病毒必克防治效果最好 ,为 5 5 .6 5 % ;其次是菌克毒克的防效为 5 0 .8% ;金叶宝的防效为 36 .1% ,植病灵的防效最差 ,仅为 0 .9%。     

一个特殊的顺式发夹核酶对感染烟草原生质体的影响

研究一个烟草花叶病毒(TMV)cDNA3′末端被特异切割的发夹核酶对感染原生质体的作用。选用一个外源基因绿色水母荧光蛋白(GFPuv)作为报道基因，取代了大部分的CP编码区域，以研究在烟草原生质体中发夹核酶对TMV载体的复制，通过GFP的表达来确定表达量。顺式发夹核酶对TMV载体感染效率的影响通过体外转录来观察。TMV GFPRIB体外转录感染原生质体的效率比与其不含该核酶的对应物的感染效率高3～5倍。Northern杂交结果表明，包括核酶在内的3’末端非病毒序列在体外转录反应开始后就被顺式发夹核酶切除了。当直接用载体DNA pSTMVGFPRIB感染原生质体时，感染原生质体的数量比与之相对应的pSTMVGFP NOS感染原生质体数多50％～80％。     

一种快速检测植物病毒RNA蓄积量的竞争PCR方法

用Oligo6.6软件在pUC18上设计1对比目的基因多100～200 bp的内参引物,摸索了目的基因和内参共同扩增的竞争PCR反应条件,测定了嘧肽霉素处理对烟草组织中烟草花叶病毒RNA相对含量的影响,同时用间接ELISA方法验证了该方法.试验结果表明:竞争PCR的方法能够快速、相对准确的测定植物组织中病毒RNA蓄积量的变化情况.     

14-羟基菲并[9,10,3’,4’]吲哚里西啶的合成及生物活性研究

以吡咯为起始原料, 以三氟氧钒(VOF3)氧化偶联重排反应为关键步骤, 经过7步反应, 合成了结构骨架全新的14-羟基菲并[9,10,3’,4’]吲哚里西啶化合物8, 总收率为55%. 采用1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, MS和HRMS对中间体和目标产物进行了表征. 初步的抗烟草花叶病毒生物活性测试结果表明, 目标化合物8对烟草花叶病毒无明显抑制作用, 但具有较好的抗肿瘤活性, 中间体9-氧代-14-羟基-14a-甲氧基菲并[9,10,3’,4’]吲哚里西啶化合物7却表现出了很好的抗烟草花叶病毒活性.