具有急慢性阶段的MSIS流行病模型阈值和稳定性结果

系统研究了具有急性和慢性两个阶段的MSIS流行病模型.由两节构成,第1节建立和研究了具有急慢性阶段的MSIS流行病模型;第2节在第1节的基础上建立和研究了具有慢性病病程的MSIS流行病模型.第1节的模型是四个常微分方程构成的方程组.第2节的模型既含有常微分方程,又含有偏微分方程.运用微分方程和积分方程中的理论和方法,得到了这两个模型再生数R0的表达式.证明了当R0<1时,无病平衡态是全局渐近稳定性,给出了各模型地方病平衡态的存在性和稳定性条件.     

太行山长城岭南山东北坡植被的研究

本文研究了太行山长城岭南山东北坡的植被分布及其特征。结果表明,从山麓至山顶,由于气候条件随海拨的逐渐升高而产生了明显的垂直变化,从而导致了植被分布的垂直变化。从山麓至山顶依次分布有落叶阔叶林、针阔混交林、针叶林和落叶阔叶灌丛等四个植被型、并因人为干扰落叶阔叶林正向针阔叶混交林和针叶林方向演替。     

本科生研究能力阶段性培养思路

在深入分析本科生研究能力存在的问题以及本科生研究能力内涵的基础上,给出相应的本科生研究能力阶段性培养方案,试图通过多种训练方法的有机结合,解决本科生研究能力培养的问题。     

Nucleation and growth of Cu onto polycrystalline Pt electrode from acidic CuSO4 solution in the presence of H2SeO3

The early stages of Cu electrodeposition onto Pt(poly) have been investigated in 0.5 M H₂SO₄ + 0.01 M CuSO₄ solution without or with H₂SeO₃ when a molar concentration ratio [Cu(II)]/[Se(IV)] ≥ 2×10² using electrochemical and ex situ AFM techniques. The overpotential deposition of Cu has been performed onto a Pt surface precovered independently with Cu in amount close to an equivalent monolayer. Chronoamperometric results have been shown to follow an instantaneous 3D nucleation and diffusion-controlled growth model. The values of diffusion coefficient D for Cu²⁺, number of nuclei N and average nuclei radius r _av have been calculated. In the local regions of the surface, the separate large agglomerates composed of the different diameter clusters have been revealed in both cases, but, in the presence of the H₂SeO₃, they attained a distinct chain-like configuration. Some morphological characteristics have been reported.     

"跨越"设想与中国的社会主义实践

落后国家能否跨越“卡夫丁峡谷”直接进入社会主义 ,这是科学社会主义理论与建设的重大课题。跨越“卡夫丁峡谷”既是制度的跨越 ,又是生产力的跨越 ,只有达到这两方面的跨越 ,才是真正意义上的跨越 ,否则 ,就会葬送社会主义的前途。中国特色社会主义实现了这一理论     

日本棘叶绦虫生活史早期发育阶段的观察

选择寄生于刺鲳中的日本棘叶绦虫(Echinophallus ja ponicus)(假叶目；棘叶科)作为研究对象，对其生活史早期发育阶段进行了观察。通过对成虫子宫中虫卵及体外培养虫卵的观察发现．其虫卵为完全卵裂、胚胎发育的主要过程在子宫外完成，为体外发育．     

自锚式悬索桥施工过程模拟分析

基于UL列式的虚功增量方程,推导出了适用于悬索桥缆索几何非线性分析的两节点悬链线索单元,并在此基础上,提出了一套模拟自锚式悬索桥施工全过程的精细迭代算法.以佛山市平胜大桥独塔自锚式悬索桥(主跨350 m)为例,对加劲梁的施工拟采用2种模拟方法,方法1为“等效集中力法”,即把加劲梁的重量等化为集中力作用在主缆上,而方法2则是考虑加劲梁的重量由主缆和加劲梁共同承担.应用自编程序,分别对其进行了施工过程的模拟计算,得到了各自的鞍座及索夹偏位、主缆初始线形等架设参数以及一期恒载、二期恒载状态下的结构几何形状及内力.通过对2种施工模拟方法的比较分析得出,方法1具有较好的可行性.     

A high‐precision instrument for mapping of rotational errors in rotary stages

A rotational stage is a key component of every X‐ray instrument capable of providing tomographic or diffraction measurements. To perform accurate three‐dimensional reconstructions, runout errors due to imperfect rotation (e.g. circle of confusion) must be quantified and corrected. A dedicated instrument capable of full characterization and circle of confusion mapping in rotary stages down to the sub‐10 nm level has been developed. A high‐stability design, with an array of five capacitive sensors, allows simultaneous measurements of wobble, radial and axial displacements. The developed instrument has been used for characterization of two mechanical stages which are part of an X‐ray microscope.     

Organic-Free Interzeolite Transformation in the Absence of Common Building Units

Zeolite crystals can be used as seeds or aluminosilicate sources in syntheses to control polymorphs and/or reduce the quantity of organics used as structure-directing agents. A frequently invoked hypothesis for interzeolite transformations is that zeolites share some underlying similarity in structure, most notably in cases pertaining to organic-free syntheses. Herein, we show for the first time that ZSM-5 (MFI) can be directly obtained from USY (FAU) through an interzeolite transformation between parent–daughter structures lacking common building units in the absence of a structure-directing agent and seeds. We show that interzeolite transformation leads to a crystalline product with fewer defects. Our findings also reveal that ZSM-5 is a metastable intermediate that undergoes further transformation to mordenite (MOR) and quartz. The MFI-to-MOR transition is counter to reported trends for which transformations lead to structures with reduced molar volume. Herein, we propose mechanistic arguments that suggest the driving force for interzeolite transformation is more complex than guidelines posited in the literature.     

Role of nickel and manganese in recovery of resistivity in iron-based alloys after low-temperature proton irradiation

This study investigates the recovery of electric resistivity in pure iron, Fe–0.6Ni and Fe–1.5Mn as related to isochronal annealing following 1 MeV proton irradiation at lower temperature than 70 K, focusing on the relationship between solute atoms and irradiation defects. Both nickel and manganese prevent stage I_D recovery, which corresponds to correlated recombination. Stage II recovery is also changed by the addition of a solute, which corresponds to the migration of small interstitial clusters. In both pure iron and Fe–0.6Ni, no evident difference was observed in the stage III region, which corresponds to the migration of vacancies. In contrast, two substages appeared in the Fe–1.5Mn at a higher temperature than stage III_B appeared in pure iron. These substages are considered to represent the release of irradiation-induced defects, which was trapped by manganese.