原生质体诱变选育去甲基金霉素高产菌

采用紫外线、同平板梯度浓度亚硝基肌，纯铜蒸气激光诱变去甲基金霉素生产菌金霉素链霉菌的原生质体，结果表明原生质体对各种诱变剂的敏感性较高.正变幅度较大.原生质体经紫外线、同平板梯度浓度亚硝墓肌复合诱变后，筛选到一菌株，重新制备原生体，经激光诱变，选育出高产菌株S. A. HU02，去甲基金霉素效价从2831u/ml提高到4337u/ml，提高了53. 2，经多次传代产量性状非常稳定.     

Effect of aeration on lignin peroxidase production by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A

The effect of aeration on lignin peroxidase production by Streptomyces viridosporus T7A was studied in a bench-scale bioreactor using a previously optimized growth medium (0.65% yeast extract and 0.1% corn oil, pH7.0) at 37°C and natural pH. Airflow rates of 0.3, 1.0, and 1.5 vvm and a fixed agitation of 200 rpm were initially studied followed by 1.0 vvm and 200, 300, 400, and 500 rpm. The use of 1.0 vvm and 400 rpm increased enzyme concentration 1.8-fold (100–180 U/L) and process productivity 4.8-fold (1.4–6.7 U/[L·h]) in comparison with the use of 200 rpm and 0.3 vvm. The inexpensive corn oil, used as carbon source, besides its antifoam properties, proved to be nonrepressive for enzyme production.     

Five new derivatives of nonactic and homo-nonactic acids from Streptomyces globisporus

In addition to the known compounds of the type of nonactic and homononactic acids and their lactones, dilactones and tetralactones, five new compounds, namely homononactyl-nonactoate, a dilactone consisting of nonactic and homononactic acids and three cyclic trimers with nonactic and homononactic acids, were isolated from a strain of Streptomyces globisporus. Their structures, including the absolute configurations of the hydroxyl and methyl groups, were determined by extensive spectroscopic techniques such as UV, IR, MS, 1D and 2D NMR.     

An efficient synthesis of (+)-prelactone B

An enantioselective synthesis of (+)-prelactone B 1 has been achieved on a multigram scale starting from a known bicyclic precursor 2. The key feature of the strategy is the generation of 3-stereogenic centres from a single bicyclic precursor, which has been utilized as a chiral building block for the synthesis of various natural products.     

Hydroxylation of ionized aromatics including carboxylic acid or amine using recombinant Streptomyces lividans cells expressing modified biphenyl dioxygenase genes

The bphA1(2072)A2A3A4 gene cluster codes for a shuffled biphenyl dioxygenase holoenzyme with broad substrate specificity. These bphA1(2072)A2A3A4 genes were expressed in the actinomycetes Streptomyces lividans using a thiostrepton-inducible promoter P_tipA. Biotransformation experiments of various aromatics including carboxylic acid or amine in their molecular structure, such as 1-naphthoic acid, 2-(1-naphthyl)acetic acid, diphenylamine, and 1-benzyl-4-piperidone, were performed using the recombinant S. lividans cells. These ionized aromatics were converted to the corresponding 1,2-dihydrodiol, mono- or tri-hydroxy forms in 48 h. The structure of the converted products was determined by their EI-MS, ¹H- and ¹³C NMR analysis, and several products were found to be novel compounds.     

山东链霉菌产抗真菌物质的理化性质的初步研究

从土壤中筛选得到1株产广谱抗真菌物质山东链霉菌(Streptomyces shandongensissp．nov)，该菌代谢产物对多种植物病原真菌有很强的抗菌作用．研究了温度及pH变化、UV照射对该菌发酵液中抗菌物质的稳定性的影响；并利用pH纸层析等多种层析技术研究了该抗菌物质的水溶性、离子特性等一些理化性质，为这一农用抗生素的进一步纯化和结构测定提供依据．     

弗氏链霉菌变种S-221产弹性蛋白酶发酵培养基的优化研究

通过对弗氏链霉菌（Streptomyces fiadiae）变种S-221产弹性蛋白酶发酵培养基的优化,以提高该菌株所产的弹性蛋白酶酶活。试验采用单因素与正交试验对发酵培养基的成分进行优化研究。优化后发酵培养基的成分为：果糖6％,干酪素1.5％,碳酸铵0.3％,K2HPO4·3H2O 0.05％。MnSO4·H2O 0.001％。在此条件下该菌所产弹性蛋白酶酶活达到96.63U／mL,优化后的发酵培养基与优化前相比所产弹性蛋白酶酶活提高了30％。     

Identification of Cyclic Dipeptides and a New Compound (6-(5-Hydroxy-6-methylheptyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one) Produced by Streptomyces fungicidicus against Alternaria solani

As an important microbial resource, Actinomycetes, especially Streptomyces, have important application values in medicine and biotechnology. Streptomyces fungicidicus SYH3 was isolated from soil samples in tomato-growing areas and showed good inhibitory effects on Alternaria solani in tomato. To obtain pure active compounds, SYH3 fermentation broth was subjected to XAD-16 macroporous resin and silica gel column chromatography. Combined with the repeated preparation and separation of preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), a total of four monomer compounds were obtained after activity tracking. Compound 4 was identified as a new six-membered lactone ring compound named 6-(5-hydroxy-6-methylheptyl)-5,6-dihydro-2H-pyran-2-one by 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data and mass spectrometry (MS). The other three active compounds belong to the cyclodipeptide, and their half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values against A. solani were 43.4, 42.9, and 30.6 μg/mL, respectively. Compound 4 significantly inhibited the spore germination and induced swollen and deformed local hyphae of A. solani with an IC₅₀ value of 24.9 μg/mL. Compound 4 also had broad-spectrum antifungal activity and had a good antifungal effect on the tested plant-pathogenic fungi. The modes of action of new compound (4) still require further investigation, representing a novel and effective anti-fungal agent for future application.     

链霉菌(Streptomyces sp103)发酵产物对4种病原真菌的抑菌活性

采用生长速率法测定了链霉菌Streptomyces sp103的发酵液及其菌丝体的乙醇提取物对小麦赤霉病病菌、苹果轮纹病菌、苹果炭疽病菌、油菜菌核病病菌4种病原真菌的抑菌活性.结果表明:发酵液对4种病原真菌的相对抑制率分别为100%,86.7%,82.9%和100%,而其菌丝体的乙醇提取物对3种病原真菌的相对抑制率均为100%.     

lat基因的失活在提高棒状链霉菌棒酸产量中的应用

利用lat基因突变的重组质粒pKCLHS对紫外诱变的克拉维酸（Clavulanic acid）高产菌株Streptomyces clavuligerusB71—14的胁基因进行了插入失活，对获得的基因突变子进行了PCR验证、菌体生长测定、发酵特征测定，并对发酵液申的克拉维酸进行了初步提取和含量测定．结果表明，突变菌株的lat基因申插入了含有阿泊拉抗性的基因片段，突变菌株的生长速度与原始菌株无明显变化，甜突变菌株的克拉维酸产量最高能达到其原始菌株的1，11～1．29倍，产头霉素C的能力显著降低．