A simple synthesis of (±)-2,6-dimethylocta-5(<Emphasis Type="Italic">Z</Emphasis>),7-diene-4-ol and its attractant activity for the bark beetle <Emphasis Type="Italic">Ips typographus</Emphasis>

A simple method for the synthesis of (±)-2,6-dimethylocta-5(Z),7-diene-4-ol possessing a high pheromone activity for the bark beetle Ips typographus was developed.__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2245–2247, October, 2004.     

Structure-Activity Relationship of Insecticidal Steroids. X. Androstane and Pregnane Derivatives

The androstane and pregnane steroids 1-10 were verified to have insecticidal activity for larvae of the Colorado beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata. Insect growth and development regulators were found among these compounds.     

Straightforward Preparation of (2E,4Z)-2,4-Heptadien-1-ol and (2E,4Z)-2,4-Heptadienal

Abstract

A concise synthesis of (2E,4Z)-2,4-heptadien-1-ol and (2E,4Z)-2,4-heptadienal is presented. Commercially available (Z)-2-penten-1-ol was converted to ethyl-(2E,4Z)-2,4-heptadienoate by reaction with activated MnO₂ and (carboethoxymethylene)triphenylphosphorane in the presence of benzoic acid as a catalyst. Ethyl-(2E,4Z)-2,4-heptadienoate was converted to (2E,4Z)-2,4-heptadien-1-ol with LiAlH₄. The alcohol was partially oxidized to (2E,4Z)-2,4-heptadienal with MnO₂. The title compounds are male-specific, antennally active volatile compounds from the Saltcedar leaf beetle, Diorhabda elongata Brulle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and have potential use in the biological control of the invasive weed saltcedar (Tamarix spp).     

水浸处理原木杀虫机理的研究

通过对水浸处理原木杀虫效果，所产生的有毒气体和水中溶解氧含量变化的测定试验，得出了水浸处理原木杀虫机理。即在一定气温条件下，水浸处理的原木中有机质不断氧化，耗除了水中溶解氧及虫孔中的氧气，使害虫窒息死亡；同时由于氧化产生了大量的有毒气体（如H2S、SO2、CO等）渗入虫孔及组织中，从而加速了有害生物死亡。结论认为水浸处理原木可以达到检疫杀虫的目的。     

“高巧”拌种防治马铃薯瓢虫技术的推广应用

针对二十八星瓢虫对马铃薯生产造成的危害，阐述了推广“高巧”拌种马铃薯的必要性，并对其试验示范、技术指导以及取得的经济和社会效益做了具体说明。     

Testing methods for nanoindentation property of the cuticle of bovine hoof wall and dung beetle’s foreleg femur

Natural biomaterials have extensively been researched since their distinguished properties adapting to their living surroundings. The cuticle surfaces of bovine hoof and dung beetle directly contact soil when they move on soft ground or in soil. Their surface materials and structures can provide some information for designing soil-engaging components of soft terrain-machines. While, it is difficult to measure their mechanical properties since the cuticle of the bovine hoof wall and dung beetle are very thin. Nanoindenter provides a powerful tool for examining the mechanical properties such as reduced modulus and hardness in nano-scale. The testing methods for nanoindentation properties of the cuticle of the bovine hoof wall and dung beetle (Copris ochus Motschulsky) were discussed in this work.     

寄主植物对黄曲条跳甲毒死蜱敏感性及相关酶活性的影响

利用上海青、菜心、山西白、甘蓝、萝卜等5种不同寄主植物饲养黄曲条跳甲后,测定寄主植物对黄曲条跳甲毒死蜱敏感性及相关酶活性的影响。结果表明,黄曲条跳甲取食不同寄主植物后对毒死蜱的药剂敏感性产生了不同程度的变化。不同的寄主植物种类对黄曲条跳甲成虫的总酯酶、羧酸酯酯活性存较大的影响,取食不同寄主植物的时间长短变化亦会造成影响。不同寄主对黄曲条跳甲成虫的乙酰胆碱酯酶活性也存在一定的影响,但是影响效应不受取食时间长短的影响。     

消拖船节油航速优化研究

针对港口作业消拖船主机的高油耗问题,从船舶管理节能的角度出发,提出了基于改进天牛须算法的消拖船节油航速优化方法。通过分析消拖船的船、机、浆的能量传递机制,建立了其主机燃油消耗的优化模型,并对消拖船某航次中各航段的航速开展优化研究。天牛须搜索算法(beetle antennae search algorithm, BAS)是近年来出现的智能优化算法,在处理结构复杂的数学模型优化中优势很明显,但是也存在收敛慢、容易进入局部最优状态等问题,为此建立了一种改进的天牛须搜索算法(improved beetle antennae search algorithm, IBAS),以更好地满足应用要求。通过实例计算分析,采用所提出的优化算法进行消拖船主机燃油消耗优化。结果表明：所提算法的收敛速度快,寻优效率高。与天牛须算法和蚁群算法(ant colony algorithm, ACO)对比分析,所提出的优化算法保持较快的运算时间的同时,提高了优化结果的准确率。     

应用烯基铜锂试剂合成消旋日本丽金龟性信息素

应用烯基铜锂试剂合成消旋日本丽金龟性信息素徐章煌，黄锦霞，李焰，潘贻罕，蒋济隆，赵建洪（湖北大学化学系武汉４３００６２）（华中理工大学固态电子学系武汉）关键词日本丽金龟，性信息素，烯基铜日本丽金龟成虫对多种树木、观赏植物及农作物危害极大，１９７６年，...     

中国瓢虫跳小蜂属四新种(膜翅目:跳小蜂科)(英文)

我国瓢虫跳小蜂属Homalotylus Mayr已知2种,本文报道4新种:长尾瓢虫跳小蜂H. longicaudus sp.n.(湖南沅陵)、中华瓢虫跳小蜂H.sinensis sp.n.(山西太谷、河南安阳、浙江杭州)、三白瓢虫跳小蜂H.trisubalbus sp.n.(广东四会)和赵氏瓢虫跳小蜂H.zhaoi sp.n.(福建福州)。对新种进行了详细描述,并附特征图和中国已知种类的检索表。模式标本存浙江农业大学植物保护系。