悬浮聚合制备大尺寸梭形聚苯乙烯粒子新方法及机理研究

利用氢氧化钾对苯乙烯-马来酸酐交替共聚物(SMA)进行水解,所得中等皂化程度的SMA水解产物(SMAA)在水溶液中具有刚性棒状直链构型;将此特殊结构的大分子作为分散剂用于苯乙烯悬浮聚合,通过控制搅拌速度和油水比,可得到梭形聚苯乙烯粒子;在优化条件下,粒子平均长度6.8 mm,宽度1.4 mm,厚度0.5 mm,长径比约5.0.其可能的机理为,中等皂化程度的刚棒直链型SMAA在聚合物"软粒子"表面能形成难以"回复"的有效保护层,使由剪切形成的变形聚合物"软粒子"在聚合过程中能保持形状和尺寸的稳定,从而得到梭形聚合物粒子.     

盘式干燥器内物料在干燥盘上运动规律的分析研究

本文就一种新型干燥设备——盘式干燥器的性能进行了理论分析和实验研究。文中主要探讨了散状物料在干燥盘上的分布与运动规律。通过对砂子的冷模实验和理论分析，得出了物料在干燥盘上停滞时间与参变量的关系，得出了耙叶推动物料所耗功率与参变量的关系，参变量的物料性能、耙叶几何参数、转速等，为工业上实际应用提供了参考数据。还得出了干燥盘上耙叶几何尺寸及角度的设计方法，得出了物料运动轨迹的方程，比较了有物料时和无物料时设备所耗功率的差异，并对实验现象进行了分析。     

Delay equations with fluctuating delay related to the regenerative chatter I: reduced bifurcation equation

The mathematical models representing machine tool chatter dynamics have been cast as differential equations with delay. The suppression of regenerative chatter by spindle speed variation is attracting increasing attention. In this paper, we study nonlinear delay differential equations with periodic delays which models the machine tool chatter with continuously modulated spindle speed. The explicit time-dependent delay terms, due to spindle speed modulation, are replaced by state dependent delay terms by augmenting the original equations. The augmented system of equations is autonomous and has two pairs of pure imaginary eigenvalues without resonance. The reduced bifurcation equation is obtained by making use of Lyapunov–Schmidt Reduction method.     

Dipeptide-assisted growth of uniform gallium oxohydroxide spindles

The catalytic dipeptide His–Ser was used as an additive in mineralizing gallium ions to form GaOOH, a solid precursor of Ga₂O₃. This dipeptide was chosen to mimic the enzyme structure of silicatein, similar to the well-known catalytic triad of chymotrypsin. The dipeptide promoted formation of spindle-structured GaOOH under acidic conditions by behaving as a heterogeneous nucleation seed. In contrast, no well-defined, structured gallium species were produced in the absence of dipeptide. The catalytic function of the dipeptide was most pronounced at pH values in the range 3–5, which are lower than the pKa of imidazole in the His side chain. These results suggest that the catalytic role of dipeptide influences the gallium hydroxide conversion and growth. This study suggests that a designed peptide with active functionality can be further exploited to produce inorganic compounds with controlled nucleation and growth.     

机床主轴回转精度微机测量和数据处理系统

本文以Apple-Ⅱ微机为基础,应用计算机辅助试验(CAT)技术,提出了一种高精度主轴回转精度在线测量和数据处理系统,该系统由标准球、通用仪器、微型机和成套数据处理软件组成。文中在采用统计消偏和改进单纯形方法的基础上,对数据处理和误差评定进行了探讨,将系统用于外圆磨床主轴回转精度的实际测量,给出了砂轮和工件主轴回转误差的处理结果,并进行了相应的分析。     

低温水热合成异形TiO2纳米晶及其表征

70 ℃下在钛酸四丁酯(TBOT)水热合成TiO2过程中, 加入油酸, 控制TiO2颗粒的生长方向, 无需热处理, 直接得到针状和纺锤形锐钛矿TiO2纳米晶. 应用透射电子显微镜、X 射线衍射仪对TiO2纳米晶进行了形貌观察和晶体结构的测定. 红外光谱分析表明, 油酸分子以静电作用吸附于针状TiO2纳米晶的表面. 根据UV-Vis吸收峰, 计算了TiO2纳米晶的禁带宽度. 纺锤形TiO2纳米晶具有较高的光催化活性, 60 min内催化降解了90%的罗丹明B.     

浅析FANUC Oi-D机床主轴换挡方式及含义

本文论述了FANUC 0i-D机床FANUC机床主轴换挡方式及含义,主要介绍了主运动实现方式及应用场合、主轴驱动电机与主轴特性的匹配和主轴分段无级变速换挡方式.     

Visible light photocatalytic activity of BiVO4 particles with different morphologies

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO₄) particles with different morphologies were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal process and their optical and photocatalytic properties were investigated. Their crystal structure and microstructures were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). XRD patterns demonstrate that the as-prepared samples are monoclinic cell. FESEM shows that BiVO₄ crystals can be fabricated in different morphologies by simply manipulating the reaction parameters of hydrothermal process. The UV–visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV–vis DRS) reveal that the band gaps of BiVO₄ photocatalysts are about 2.07–2.21 eV. The as-prepared BiVO₄ photocatalysts exhibit higher photocatalytic activities in the degradation of rhodamine B (Rh B) under visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm) compared with traditional N-doped TiO₂ (N-TiO₂). Furthermore, wheat like BiVO₄ sample reveals the highest photocatalytic activity. Up to 100% Rh B is decolorized after visible light irradiation for 180 min. The reason for the difference in the photocatalytic activities for BiVO₄ samples obtained at different conditions were systematically studied based on their shape, size and the variation of local structure.     

数控机床主轴系统结构及其故障诊断

数控机床主轴系统的其复杂性决定了故障的复杂性,熟知主轴系统机械和电气结构,学习使用科学合理的方法,是对维修人员的基本要求。