Buckling of sandwich wide columns

The paper deals with the theoretical prediction of buckling loads for sandwich columns with metallic and laminated facings and foam or honeycomb core. The loading is a uniform axial compression, applied statically (very slowly) and suddenly with constant magnitude and infinite duration (step loading). The effect of length and boundary conditions is assessed and results are presented for the following cases: for a cantilever column, a simply supported column and a clamped column, for several lengths. Several fiber materials are used in the laminated facings. Two types of core were examined: alloy-foam or hexagonal glass/phenolic honeycomb. The facings are Boron/Epoxy, Graphite/Epoxy and Kevlar/Epoxy laminates with 0° orientation with respect to the column axis and a metallic one made out of aluminum. These various materials are employed to provide comparative data that can be used in design. Results, for the static case are generated by computer codes as well as by the use of closed form theoretical solutions. For the dynamic case, results are generated by the DYNA3D code.     

Dimerization and Coordination Properties of Zinc(II)tetra-4-alkoxybenzoyloxiphthalocyanine in Relation to DABCO in <Emphasis Type="Italic">o</Emphasis>-Xylene and Chloroform

For the first time the interactions between zinc(II)tetra-4-alkoxybenzoyloxiphthalocyanine (Zn(4—O—CO—C₆H₄—OC₁₁H₂₃)Pc) and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) in o-xylene and chloroform have been studied by calorimetric titration and NMR and electron absorption spectroscopic methods. It has been found that in o-xylene at concentrations of Zn(4—O—CO—C₆H₄—OC₁₁H₂₃)Pc higher than 6×10⁻⁴ mol⋅L⁻¹ π–π dimers species are formed (λ _max= 685 nm). Additions of DABCO to the solution up to mole ratio 1 : 8 (Zn(4—O—CO—C₆H₄—OC₁₁H₂₃)Pc : DABCO) lead to a shift of the aggregation equilibrium towards monomer species due to formation of monoligand axial complexes. Further increasing the DABCO concentration results in formation of Zn(4—O—CO—C₆H₄—OC₁₁H₂₃)Pc—DABCO—Zn(4—O—CO—C₆H₄—OC₁₁H₂₃)Pc sandwich dimers (λ _max= 675 nm).     

γ-[SiW10O36]8-夹心型稀土元素单取代多酸化合物的合成与表征

利用缺位填充法合成了12个γ-[SiW10O36]8-夹心型稀土元素单取代多酸化合物K13[Ln(SiW10O36)2]·nH2O(Ln=La3+,Ce3+,Pr3+,Nd3+,Sm3+,Eu3+,Gd3+,Tb3+,Dy3+,Ho3+,Er3+,Yb3+).通过元素分析确定其组成,由红外光谱、紫外-可见吸收光谱、循环伏安及室温磁化率测定结果确认稀土离子与γ-[SiW10O36]8-相配位;183WNMR及荧光光谱结果则表明,稀土离子处于2个γ-[SiW10O36]8-构成的八配位环境中,标题化合物具有夹心型D2d对称性结构.     

Organo-iron mediated synthesis of functional dendrimers with 1 → 3 connectivity

The organo-iron mediated activation of arene in the sandwich complexes [FeCp(η⁶-arene)][PF₆] is shown to produce 1 → 3 connectivity at benzylic positions that was utilized for dendrimer syntheses. This mini-review of the work carried out in the authors’ laboratory summarizes this principle and its applications with emphasis on recent significant improvements in the CpFe⁺-mediated reactions, recyclability of the CpFe⁺ group, mechanistic features and examples of efficient and useful functionalization reactions.     

夹心型换能器制作中应力的研究

研究了夹心型换能器制作中所产生的应力,由平衡方程,连续方程和边界条件,从理论上推导出夹心型换能器在粘合固化时,PZT压电陶瓷所产生的应力计算公式,并计算出夹心型换能器粘合的最佳固化温度,以保证在高温条件下固化,既提高粘结强度又避免由于高温固化产生过大的应力而导致压电陶瓷破裂,从而提高了换能器制作的成品率和换能器的电声性能,经厦门海洋仪器厂生产实践证明效果良好,换能器的合格率达98％,电声性能稳定。     

Solving Nonconvex Planar Location Problems by Finite Dominating Sets

It is well-known that some of the classical location problems with polyhedral gauges can be solved in polynomial time by finding a finite dominating set, i.e. a finite set of candidates guaranteed to contain at least one optimal location.In this paper it is first established that this result holds for a much larger class of problems than currently considered in the literature. The model for which this result can be proven includes, for instance, location problems with attraction and repulsion, and location-allocation problems.Next, it is shown that the approximation of general gauges by polyhedral ones in the objective function of our general model can be analyzed with regard to the subsequent error in the optimal objective value. For the approximation problem two different approaches are described, the sandwich procedure and the greedy algorithm. Both of these approaches lead - for fixed - to polynomial approximation algorithms with accuracy for solving the general model considered in this paper.     

Analyticity and Dynamic Behavior of a Damped Three-Layer Sandwich Beam

Using the Riesz basis approach, we study a sandwich beam that is composed of an outer stiff layer and a compliant middle layer. The dynamic behavior and analyticity of the system are obtained based on a detailed spectral analysis and Riesz basis generation. As a consequence, the analyticity of the solution and the exponential stability of the system are concluded. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Program for New Century Excellent Talents in the Universities of China and by the National Research Foundation of South Africa.     

Chordal bipartite completion of colored graphs

Golumbic, Kaplan, and Shamir [Graph sandwich problems, J. Algorithms 19 (1995) 449-473], in their paper on graph sandwich problems published in 1995, left the status of the sandwich problems for strongly chordal graphs and chordal bipartite graphs open. It was recently shown [C.M.H. de Figueiredo, L. Faria, S. Klein, R. Sritharan, On the complexity of the sandwich problems for strongly chordal graphs and chordal bipartite graphs, Theoret. Comput. Sci., accepted for publication] that the sandwich problem for strongly chordal graphs is NP-complete. We show that given graph G with a proper vertex coloring c, determining whether there is a supergraph of G that is chordal bipartite and also is properly colored by c is NP-complete. This implies that the sandwich problem for chordal bipartite graphs is also NP-complete.     

Structure and bonding of MCB5H7 and its sandwiched dimer CB5H6M-MCB5H6 (M = Si, Ge, Sn): Isomer stability and preference for slip distorted structure

We find sandwiched metal dimers CB₅H₆M-MCB₅H₆ (M = Si, Ge, Sn) which are minima in the potential energy surface with a characteristic M-M single bond. The NBO analysis and the M-M distances (Å) (2.3, 2.44 and 2.81 for M = Si, Ge, Sn) indicate substantial M-M bonding. Formal generation of CB₅H₆M-MCB₅H₆ has been studied theoretically. Consecutive substitution of two boron atoms in B₇H⁻²₇ by M (Si, Ge, Sn) and carbon, respectively followed by dehydrogenation may lead to our desired CB₅H₆M-MCB₅H₆. We find that the slip distorted geometry is preferred for MCB₅H₇ and its dehydrogenated dimer CB₅H₆M-MCB₅H₆. The slip-distortion of M-M bond in CB₅H₆M-MCB₅H₆ is more than the slip distortion of M-H bond in MCB₅H₇. Molecular orbital analysis has been done to understand the slip distortion. Larger M-M bending (CB₅H₆M-MCB₅H₆) in comparison with M-H bending (MCB₅H₇) is suspected to be encouraged by stabilization of one of the M-M π bonding MO’s. Preference of M to occupy the apex of pentagonal skeleton of MCB₅H₇ over its icosahedral analogue MCB₁₀H₁₁ has been observed.