Biological generation of tritiated vitamin D3 metabolites and their purification by high-performance liquid chromatography

Summary A simple, reproducible method for the biological synthesis of tritiated 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol, 25,26-dihydroxycholecalciferol and 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol is described. Kidney homogenates from both vitamin D deficient and replete chicks were usedin vitro to generate these dihydroxylated metabolites using 25 (23,24-³H) hydroxycholecalciferol as the substrate. Tritiated products were purified by Sephadex LH 20 chromatography followed by high-performance liquid chromatography; the identity of each metabolite was established by chromatography with authentic crystalline preparations.Presented at the Symposium organised by the Chromatography Discussion Group, held at Hatfield Lodge on 29 November 1979.     

蒙药地锦草黄酮清除和抑制羟自由基的实验研究

为了解蒙药材地锦草对羟自由基的清除和抑制作用机理.采用维生素C硫酸盐和细胞色素C为羟自由基生成反应体系的方法.结果地锦草黄酮清除和抑制·OH的SC50=1.9069μg/ml(r=0.9801);IC50=1.8048μg/ml(r=0.9721).结论:地锦草黄酮能够计量依赖性地清除和抑制羟自由基.     

轿车轮毂轴承制造新工艺设计

本文从工艺理论和实际出发，设计了内、外套圈加工新工艺和轴承组装新工艺，很好地解决了目前轿车轮毂轴承制造中存在的问题，可行性良好。     

Controlled Radical Polymerization

Various methods which lead to the control of molecular weight and polydispersities, and which allow for the preparation of block copolymers by radical polymerization are discussed. Thermal polymerizationof styrenes in the presence of stable radicals, polymerization of vinyl acetate and methyl methacrylate in the presence of chromium complexed by macrocyclic ligands polymerization of vinyl acetate initiated by organoaluminum compounds complexed by dipyridyl and activated by stable radicals, as well as in the presence of phosphites, are described in detail.     

Charge generation and electrostatic equilibrium for single granules during sliding

Electrostatic phenomena are commonly observed in the processing of solids. However, the working mechanism of electrostatic charge generation for single granules and particularly, their electrostatic equilibria have not been properly understood. In this work, repeated-sliding charging experiments with single granules were investigated for their electrostatic generation particularly from the perspective of triboelectrification equilibrium. Factors including granule length-ratio, sliding face shape, sliding times, sliding area, sliding velocity, front-facing edge, and sliding-plate inclined-angle were found to have an obvious effect on granule charge generation. Length-ratio and sliding area have significant effects as the granules evolved toward an equilibrium state. Equilibrium charge is suggested as a variable expressing the charging propensity of the material. In addition, under the same working conditions, a semi-cylindrical granule generates greater charge than a rectangular granule.     

后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术后发生尿瘘的危险因素分析

目的 分析和探讨后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术后发生尿瘘的危险因素。方法统计和分析2004-10-2013-06 行腹 腔镜下经后腹膜路径肾部分切除术后发生尿瘘的128 例肾肿瘤患者的临床资料,尿瘘严格定义为手术2d 后仍从后腹膜引流管持续引流出尿液。结果术后有14 例（10.9%）患者发生尿瘘。发生尿瘘的患者中10 例（71.4%）未行CTA 检查,术中平均出血量（232.3±86.7）ml,平均肾动脉阻断时间（28.2±7.5）min,平均住院时间（13.1±2.1）d,9 例（64.3%）术中发现集合系统破损。单因素分析提示年龄（P =0.1102）、糖尿病（P =0.0445）、肿瘤内生型生长（P =0.0835）、术前是否行CTA 检查（P=0.0137）、集合系统损伤（P=0.0935）、肾动脉阻断时间（P =0.1225）及术中出血量（P=0.0045）是发生尿瘘的危险因素;多因素分析提示糖尿病（P =0.0381）、术前是否行CTA 检查（P =0.0433）及术中出血量（P =0.0155）是术后发生尿瘘的独立危险因素。结论糖尿病、术中出血 量及术前是否行肾脏CTA 检查是后腹腔镜下肾部分切除术后发生尿瘘的独立危险因素。减少术中出血有利于术者获得清晰的操作视野,有效缝合破损的集合系统,从而防止尿瘘的发生。     

Determination of 12 potential nephrotoxicity biomarkers in rat serum and urine by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry and its application to renal failure induced by Semen Strychni

In previous nephrotoxicity metabonomic studies, several potential biomarkers were found and evaluated. To investigate the relationship between the nephrotoxicity biomarkers and the therapeutic role of Radix Glycyrrhizae extract on Semen Strychni‐induced renal failure, 12 typical biomarkers are selected and a simple LC–MS method has been developed and validated. Citric acid, guanidinosuccinic acid, taurine, guanidinoacetic acid, uric acid, creatinine, hippuric acid, xanthurenic acid, kynurenic acid, 3‐indoxyl sulfate, indole‐3‐acetic acid, and phenaceturic acid were separated by a Phenomenex Luna C₁₈ column and a methanol/water (5 mM ammonium acetate) gradient program with a runtime of 20 min. The prepared calibration curves showed good linearity with regression coefficients all above 0.9913. The absolute recoveries of analytes from serum and urine were all more than 70.4%. With the developed method, analytes were successfully determined in serum and urine samples within 52 days. Results showed that guanidinosuccinic acid, guanidinoacetic acid, 3‐indoxyl sulfate, and indole‐3‐acetic acid (only in urine) were more sensitive than the conventional renal function markers in evaluating the therapeutic role of Radix Glycyrrhizae extract on Semen Strychni‐induced renal failure. The method could be further used in predicting and monitoring renal failure cause by other reasons in the following researches.     

肝豆状核变性患者的肾脏病变特点及长期使用青霉胺的影响研究

目的 探讨肝豆状核变性患者肾脏病变的特点及长期使用青霉胺治疗对其产生的可能影响。方法 选取70 例临床 确诊为肝豆状核变性患者作为观察组,根据临床表型和使用青霉胺时间分为肝脏型组、肝脑混合型组、脑型组及使用青霉胺＜5年组、5～10 年组、＞10 年组,检测并比较各组患者尿总蛋白（TG）、低分子量蛋白（LMW）、高分子量蛋白（HMW）、β2微球蛋白（β2-MG）、β－N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、白蛋白（ALG）及血肌酐（Scr）等肾脏病变相关指标;另选择无血缘关系且血铜蓝蛋白及铜氧化酶等铜代谢检查均正常的健康志愿者70 例作为对照组,检测上述指标并与观察组对照。结果 观察组的肾脏病变相关指标显著高于对照组;不同临床表型的患者各项指标间无统计学差异;随着服用青霉胺时间的延长,患者尿液中β2-MG、LMW百分比、NAG、TG水平逐渐降低,HMW 百分比、ALG水平逐渐升高,TG 呈现逐渐降低的趋势,Scr 保持不变。结论 肝豆状核变性患者肾小球和肾小管的功能均有明显的损伤;肾脏病变在不同临床表型之间无统计学差异,长期使用青霉胺治疗对肾小球的功能有一定的损伤。     

对生物体内活性氧的研究

本文对活性氧的本质、形成及化学活性进行了研究,指出提高生活质量需清除控制体内多余的活性氧.