Imprint lithography of pyramidal photonic pillars using hydrazine etching

An inexpensive method to produce a pyramidal-type 2D photonic structures in the silicon substrate was proposed. The method is based on the combination of imprint lithography and wet Si1 0 0 etching in water solution of hydrazine, which etches 1 1 1 faces much more slowly than others. Thermally grown SiO₂ mask for the hydrazine etching was used, because single Al mask cannot be well bonded to the substrate and tends to peel during the etching. It was revealed that transmittance in the infrared spectrum region of the patterned silicon decreases by about five times compared with that of flat silicon substrate and this decrease is almost independent of the angle of the incident beam. In the infrared region, decrease of transmittance of the patterned samples is directly proportional to the wave number. The shape of formed pyramids has strong influence on the transmittance. Decrease of the transmittance is much more rapid and larger in the case of sharpless pillars.     

Decay distribution of spontaneous emission from atoms in one-dimensional photonic crystal

Spontaneous emission behavior from atoms (or molecules) in one-dimensional photonic crystal with a defect is investigated. Taken all the TE and TM modes into account, the normalized spontaneous emission rate of the atom is calculated as a function of the position of the atom in the crystal. Results for both nonabsorbing dielectric structure and absorbing dielectric structure are presented. With the increase of the thickness of the defect in which the atoms are embedded, the oscillations of the spontaneous emission rate versus the position of the atom become dense and the lifetime distribution becomes narrow and sharp. The PC effect may lead to the coexistence of both accelerated and inhibited decay processes.     

Laser nanosources based on planar photonic crystals as new platforms for nanophotonic devices

Two-dimensional photonic crystal lasers have been fabricated on III–V semiconductor slabs. Tuning of the spontaneous emission in micro and nanocavities has been achieved by accurate control of the slab thickness. Different structures, some of them of new application to photonic crystal lasers, have been fabricated like the Suzuki-phase or the coupled-cavity ring-like resonators. Laser emission has been obtained by pulsed optical pumping. Optical characterization of the lasing modes have been performed showing one or more laser peaks centred around 1.55 μm. Far field characterization of the emission pattern has been realized showing different patterns depending on the geometrical shape of the structures. These kinds of devices may be used as efficient nanolaser sources for optical communications or optical sensors.     

Interference of circularly polarized light: contrast and application in fabrication of three-dimensional periodic microstructures

The contrast of interference pattern formed by two circularly polarized waves and by a linearly polarized wave and a circularly polarized one is discussed. The results are compared with that by two linear beams. It shows that the use of circular light in holographic fabrication of three-dimensional periodic microstructures may remove the necessity of beam ratio and polarization optimization needed in the interference of three linear noncoplanar beams and improve the uniform contrast of resultant pattern simultaneously.     

聚苯乙烯乳胶球三维有序体的制备及其显微形貌表征

A three-dimensional (3D) ordered structure was achieved by self-organization of monodisperse polystyrene latex about 250nm in diameter after being ambient dried. The stacked morphology was investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) observation. It is shown that the face-centered cubic(FCC) phase dominantly exists. This finding presents a potential template for preparing an inverse FCC structure as a photonic crystal of full band gap if the index contrast is higher than 2.8.     

晶态纳米纤维素的多色圆偏振荧光性能

基于晶态纳米纤维素禁带效应的圆偏振荧光能力,分别采用混合悬浮液法及多层膜叠加法拓宽了晶态纳米纤维素膜的禁带,使其禁带覆盖可见光范围,通过掺杂多色荧光体,该膜可以将自发辐射转换为高强度、右旋、多色的圆偏振荧光信号.     

两类单负材料组成的一维半无限光子晶体反射谱

运用传输矩阵方法和Bloch定理计算了两类单负材料组成的一维半无限光子晶体反射谱,与有限多层结构通带中振荡的反射谱相比,半无限结构的反射谱曲线是光滑的,是有限周期结构反射谱振幅取平均的结果,可用来估计通带中的反射率.研究半无限结构的反射谱,有利于分析带隙的位置和宽度,结果表明,由两类单负材料组成的光子晶体中,不仅存在零有效位相带隙,还存在角度带隙,尤其发现高频处的Bragg带隙也是一个全方位带隙.     

基于小圆孔结构纤芯的高双折射光子晶体光纤

为了实现高双折射光子晶体光纤,提出了一种在纤芯中引入微小圆孔的方法.利用全矢量有限元方法和完美匹配层条件研究了基于圆孔微细结构纤芯的光子晶体光纤的双折射特性.讨论了纤芯圆孔数量、孔径、间隔距离对光纤双折射特性的影响;设计了一种双折射达到10－2量级的光子晶体光纤.模拟结果表明采用三个以上圆孔可以获得较大的双折射,增大外包层数目可以有效减小约束损耗.     

对全入射角负折射二维光子晶体结构和电磁参量的研究

利用二维光子晶体的等频线分析原理和平面波展开方法,得到了使二维光子晶体产生全入射角负折射(All-Angle Negative Refraction,AANR)现象时,入射电磁波的频率取值范围.同时,分析了AANR频率范围随着结构参量(晶格类型、介质棒半径与晶格周期的比值)和电磁参量(介质柱介电常量、本底介电常量、入射电磁波偏振方向)变化的行为.结果表明:固定组成光子晶体的一种介质的介电常量,另一介质的介电常量只有达到一定阈值,才有可能使光子晶体出现AANR现象.在给定两种介质介电常量的条件下,存在使AANR频率范围最大化的结构参量和电磁参量.     

一维对称光量子阱结构多通道滤波特性研究

利用传输矩阵法研究了一维对称光量子阱结构的多通道滤波特性,发现该结构的多透射峰具有分布对称、近似等间距和高透射率等特点,且峰值位置能利用等效理论近似解析求出.透射峰的数目可通过阱区结构参量确定和进行调整,结构的光子禁带范围可通过材料参量的选择获得极大的展宽.该结构只采用两种材料,结构简单,易于制作,具有较大的材料选择性.