猫儿屎植物的化学成分及其药效学研究

首次从木通科猫儿屎（ＤｅｃａｉｓｎｅａｆａｒｇｅｓｉｉＦｒａｎｃｈ）中分离鉴定了１１种皂甙化合物．经光谱分析及化学方法鉴定，其中５种化合物为新化合物，分别命名为：ＤｅｃａｉｓｏｓｉｄｅＡ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ、Ｇ；另５种化合物为ＳａｐｏｎｉｎＰＧ、ＤｉｐｓａｃｏｓｉｄｅＢ、Ｋａｌｏｐａｎａｘ－ｓａｐｏｎｉｎＢ、Ｓａｐｏｎｉｎ１１、ＨｅｄｅｒａｓａｐｏｎｉｎＢ和ｓａｐｏｎｉｎＰＪ３．猫儿屎对小鼠移植性肿瘤Ｓ１８０（小白鼠肉瘤）、Ｈｅｐａ（肝癌）、Ｅｃ（艾氏病）的平均抑制率分别为４７．８０％、４１．４８％、４４．７１％，具有一定的抗肿瘤活性．     

秦岭野生大熊猫(Ailuropoda melanoleuca)的觅食行为

首次利用定量图像分析的方法研究野生大熊猫的取食行为,结果显示:其取食行为存在固定的模式,这一模式是在其身体发育的过程中逐步形成的.到了老年,随着年龄的增大、牙齿的磨损和其他生理机能的衰退,这种模式逐渐解体.总的取食时间可以分为准备时间(38.08%)、间歇时间(5.13%)和吃的时间(56.79%),在取食时间总量不变的情况下,大熊猫通过3种途径有效地增加日食量,即提高动作熟练程度、减少准备时间和减少间歇时间.     

美汉草（Meehania fargesii Levl）生物量分配分析

调查阔叶红松林林下早春开花植物美汉草(Meehania fargesii Levl)各个器官生物量分配变化情况.结果表明:在整个生长季节中,美汉草各器官生物量总体上呈现先增加后减少的趋势,5月初~7月初,根生长速率先快后慢,茎叶生长速率先慢后快,7月中旬以后各器官生物量逐渐减少;美汉草有性生殖的生殖分配占总生物量的比例较小(4%~6%);根冠比在5~6月不断上升,6~7月迅速下降,7月以后保持稳定;根和茎叶生物量分别与总生物量呈显著的线性正相关关系.分析显示:为了适应阔叶红松林林下的光照变化,在林分郁闭前,能量主要分配给地下部分;林分郁闭后,茎叶生长占主导.美汉草主要以营养繁殖为主,第2年的地下根状茎来自第1年地上茎的繁殖方式及生物量分配策略,可能是美汉草成为林下优势草本的重要原因.     

Two new secolignans from the roots of Urtica mairei Levl.

Twonew secolignans(1 and 2)were isolated from the roots of Urtica mairei Levl.The structures of these two compounds were determined on the basis of extensive spectroscopic methods including HR-E1-MS.1D and 2D NMR experiments.     

A New Triterpenoid Glycoside from Decaisnea Fargesii

Deculsnea./al..gesiiFranch.IsatraditionalChinesemedicinalplantwidely'distributedinChina.usedasananti-rheumaticandalltitussivedrugforalongtimeinChinesefolkmedicine'.Itsmethanolextractshowedantitunlouracidityif71)if)oagainstS:sl},HepaandEhrlichcellsanditsphytochemicalstudiesonsaponinshasreported'.Asacontinuationofthestudiesonthisplant,wepresentthespectralandchemicalevidenceofthestructureofanewdecaisosideF.Thedriedstems(2.23kg)werepercolated\vith95%EtOH.Afterremovalofthepercolatesb}evaporat…     

Quantitative and qualitative analysis of Artemisiae Verlotori Folium and Artemisiae Argyi Folium by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry

Artemisiae Argyi Folium (Aiye in Chinese) has been widely used since ancient times. In the Lingnan region (Southern China), the leaf of Artemisia verlotorum Lamotte, which is named Hongjiaoai (HJA) because the roots are red (Hongjiao means red foot in Chinese), has been used as a local substitute for Artemisiae Argyi Folium. The plant has a long medicinal and edible history that can be traced to the Jin Dynasty. However, there is no systematic and reliable method to control the quality of Artemisiae Verlotori Folium. In this study, a comprehensive method involving high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detection and quadrupole-time-of-flight high-definition mass spectrometry was established to identify and quantify eight constituents (including organic acids and flavonoids) in Artemisiae Verlotori Folium and Artemisiae Argyi Folium as well as high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprints of the two varieties. Moreover, dissimilarities of chemical compositions among the two varieties were further investigated by orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis and cluster analysis. This research not only explored the similarities and differences between Artemisiae Verlotori Folium and Artemisiae Argyi Folium in eight components but also provided a qualitative and quantitative analytical method that quickly, accurately, and comprehensively assesses the quality of Artemisiae Verlotori Folium.     

猫儿屎内生真菌DS58次生代谢产物的研究

首次对秦岭植物猫儿屎茎部分离到的内生真菌DS58的次生代谢产物的化学成分进行研究,经ITS序列分析,鉴定该菌株为曲霉属真菌。采用大米培养基对该菌株进行固体发酵,利用硅胶柱层析、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱、重结晶等方法分离纯化得到了8个化合物,经波谱解析,分别鉴定为:(1)β-谷甾醇;(2)5α,8α-环二氧麦角甾-6,22-二烯-3β-醇;(3)5-羟基-2(3H)-苯并呋喃酮;(4)2,5-二羟基苯乙酸乙酯;(5)2,5-二羟基苯乙酸甲酯;(6)琥珀酸;(7)2,5-二羟基苯乙酸和(8)cannabifolactone A。化合物(3),(4),(8)均首次从真菌的发酵物中分离得到。     

丽江紫乌头中的二萜生物碱

 对丽江紫乌头中的二萜生物碱进行研究.利用反复硅胶柱层析,重结晶等分离手段从中分离鉴定了6个二萜生物碱:查斯曼宁(chasmanineⅠ),塔拉萨敏(talatizamine Ⅱ),草乌甲素(crassicauline A Ⅲ),丽江乌头碱(foresaconitine Ⅳ),acoforestinine(Ⅴ),滇乌碱(yunaconitine Ⅵ).其中化合物Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ为首次从该种植物中分离得到.