Effect of pressure on the low-temperature reaction of ethylene with N2O4

Calorimetric monitoring of the autoclave reaction N₂O₄ + C₂H₄ at –85 to +10 °C under argon pressure 10–30 bar revealed that the exothermic chemical reaction started at temperatures above –52 °C at 10 bar, whereas an intensive exothermic reaction started at –85 °C and pressure of 30 bar. IR study showed that oligo/polynitroethylene was formed at 30 bar, while carbonyl and hydroxy compound as well as nitrate R–ONO₂ formation occurred upon processing at 10 bar.     

Alkaline oxygen evolution: exploring synergy between fcc and hcp cobalt nanoparticles entrapped in N-doped graphene

Herein, we report a Mott-Schottky catalyst by entrapping cobalt nanoparticles inside the N-doped graphene shell (Co@NC). The Co@NC delivered excellent oxygen evolution activity with an overpotential of merely 248 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^–2 with promising long-term stability. The importance of Co encapsulated in NC has further been demonstrated by synthesizing Co nanoparticles without NC shell. The synergy between the hexagonal close-packed (hcp) and face-centered cubic (fcc) Co plays a major role to improve the OER activity, whereas the NC shell optimizes the electronic structure, improves the electron conductivity, and offers a large number of active sites in Co@NC. The density functional theory calculations have revealed that the hcp Co has a dominant role in the surface reaction of electrocatalytic oxygen evolution, whereas the fcc phase induces the built-in electric field at the interfaces with N-doped graphene to accelerate the H⁺ ion transport.     

Photothermal Oxidation of Cinnamyl Alcohol with Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Gold Nanoparticle/Antimony-Doped Tin Oxide Nanocrystals

Gold nanoparticles with different mean sizes were formed on antimony-doped tin oxide nanocrystals by the temperature-varied deposition-precipitation method (Au/ATO NCs). Au/ATO NCs possess strong absorption in the near-infrared region due to Drude excitation in addition to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of AuNPs around 530 nm. Au/ATO NCs show thermally activated catalytic activity for the oxidation of cinnamyl alcohol to cinnamaldehyde by hydrogen peroxide. The catalytic activity increases with a decrease in the mean Au particle size (d_Au) at 5.3 nm≤d_Au≤8.2 nm. Light irradiation (λ_ex >660 nm, ∼0.5 sun) of Au/ATO NCs increases the rate of reaction by more than twice with ∼95 % selectivity. Kinetic analyses indicated that the striking enhancement of the reaction stems from the rise in the temperature near the catalyst surface of ∼30 K due to the photothermal effect of the ATO NCs.     

基于LQG控制的整车8-DOF系统振动分析

建立了整车8-DOF系统动力学模型,考虑了主动悬架控制,并增设了主动座椅控制,设计了车辆主动悬架系统的LQG控制器。基于Matlab仿真平台建立了整车8-DOF系统动力学仿真模型,对所得最优控制策略下的动态响应进行了仿真验证。仿真结果表明:为了改善人椅系统质心及车身质心的跳振性能需要在一定程度上弱化各轮轮胎动位移性能。从控制效能上来看,该最优控制器能够满足各行驶状态下对悬架性能的要求,改善了车辆的行驶平顺性。     

政府采购政策带动国内企业自主创新的积极性——兼述《关于实施〈国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要(2006—2020年)〉的若干配套政策》实施进展

政府采购是促进我国自主创新的一项重要政策o《国家中长期科学与技术发展规划纲要(2006—2020年)》(以下简称《纲要》)提出,要"实施促进自主创新的政府采购"。有关部委出台了多项实施细财和配套文件,形成了较完整的自主创新产品政府采购政策体系。地方政府也积极开展政府采购实践,较好地带动了国内企业自主创新的积极性。本文就《纲要》颁布以来,我国政府采购政策体系建设取得的进展与成效,以及领域专家提出的有关建议进行了综合报道。     

基于弦振动测量金属细线的线密度

提出了一种测量金属细线线密度的新方法,并对测量原理、公式进行了较为详细的推导,将测量结果与标准值进行了比较.从测量结果可知,其相对误差较小,说明利用该方法测量细线的线密度确实可行.     

刺山柑在吐鲁番地区维吾尔族民间药用价值研究

刺山柑(capparis spinosa L.)是全世界公认的民间药用植物,具有较高的药用价值.采用民族植物学的关键人物访谈法,对该物种在新疆吐鲁番地区维吾尔族民间的医药作用进行了调研.结果表明,刺山柑的叶、根、根皮、花、果实及种子在民间医药中的处方有3种单方和4种复方.其中的单用刺山柑能治疗风湿病、慢性关节炎及肩周炎;而刺山柑与14种植物混合用的4种复方能治疗11种疾病.初步揭示了刺山柑在吐鲁番维吾尔族的民间处方及医药作用,为新药品及保健品的开发提供理论资料.