The records of coastline changes reflected by mangroves on the Sunda Shelf since the last 40 ka

This paper presents a 40000-year-long high-resolution mangrove record from sediments of Core 18300, 18302 and 18323 on the continental shelf of the southern South China Sea and reconstructs the coastline changes on Sunda Shelf since the last 40000 years. In the period Marine Isotope 3, the old Sunda Shelf had low sea level, and it was partly exposed. Flourishing vegetations grew on the exposed old land. Mangroves developed along the coastline. On the Last Glacial Maximum, the sea level dropped greatly, coastline moved from inner shelf to outer shelf, the Old Sunda Land exposed further, and the lowering sea level induced the gradual disappearing of mangroves from the inner Sunda Shelf to the outer Sunda Shelf. And pioneer vegetation ferns covered the broadly exposed old land immediately. At the time of the last Deglaciation, sea level rose greatly, the coastline moved to the sea and the Sunda Shelf was drown again. Mangroves were emergent again from outer shelf to inner shelf and developed quickly.     

红树林凋落叶自然分解过程中土壤微生物的数量动态

用人工模拟凋落叶方法.研究了红树林(秋茄Kandelia candel)凋落叶自然分解过程中土壤微生物数量的变化,结果表明:凋落叶有利于土壤异养微生物的生长,繁殖,使其数量明显增多;从而加速了凋落叶的分解作用,引起凋落叶分解的异养微生物,从数量看,细菌占绝对优势,它是落叶分解起先蜂和主导作用的微生物类群;丝状真菌也有不可忽视的作用;放线菌似乎被抑制而减少。     

湛江高桥红树林贝类资源调查

在2002年和2005年2次调查的基础上,2006年7月对湛江高桥的红树区贝类资源在相同取样点进行了定量和定性调查,调查的红树林区有高桥镇的东村、西村、长田、红坎4个点.此次调查结果表明,高桥红树林区贝类种类组成有3纲6亚纲11目26科43属60种.其中樱蛤科有9种;牡蛎科、帘蛤科各5种;蚶科、贻贝科、织纹螺科各4种;其余各科均在3种以下.通过与前两次的调查结果比较分析,高桥红树林区的贝类无论是从栖息密度还是从生物量上都有明显下降的趋势.因此,采取多方位的保护措施,以使红树林区生物多样性资源得到可持续利用势在必行.     

A New Cyclic Peptide and a New Steroid from the Fungus Penicillium sp. GD6 Isolated from the Mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza

A rare new cyclic tetrapeptide, 5,5′‐epoxy‐MKN‐349A ( 1 ), featured by a MKN‐349A ( 5 ) skeleton and containing an uncommon ether bridge between C(5) and C(5′), and a new steroid, named 11‐O‐acetyl‐NGA0187 ( 2 ), together with two known steroids, 3 and 4 , were isolated from an endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. GD6 associated with the Chinese mangrove Bruguiera gymnorrhiza. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses and by comparison with the data of related compounds reported in literature. Neither of the compounds 3 and 4 , isolated in this study, showed obvious bioactivities in the antibacterial bioassay experiments.     

New cytotoxic natural products from the mangrove biome: covering the period 2007–2015

Nowadays, the mangrove biome is considered to be a profound resource of natural products usually possessing cytotoxicity of a broader range. Covering the period 2007–2015, a total of 21 new naturally occurring compounds has stood out. For example, xylogranin B and swietephragmin C were found to exhibit very potent cytotoxic activity against the colon HCT-116 cells reaching IC₅₀ values of 0.05 and 0.06 μM, respectively. Bearing in mind the efficacy of the majority compounds in the preliminary in vitro screens, these studies should be expanded to both ex vivo and in vivo screens including the evaluation of the relevant toxicological profiles.     

福鼎滨海红树林与沉积环境

从福鼎市八尺门一直向东到沙埕港的一片滨海区域,有数十块滨海湿地生长红树林,为了揭示这些红树林能否形成泥炭沼泽,通过近年来在福鼎市铁锵、南派、关盘、八尺门、龙安等滨海区域进行地质钻探和通过分析该区域的沉积环境和沉积物特征,阐明古代潮坪环境成煤可能性。     

Bisamides and rhamnosides from mangrove actinomycete Streptomyces sp. SZ-A15

Four new bisamides 1–4, and two new rhamnosides (5, 6), along with four known compounds 7–10, were isolated from a scale culture of the mangrove-derived actinomycete Streptomyces sp. SZ-A15. All structures were determined through analysis of the UV, IR, HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra as well as by comparison with literature data. BRD4 inhibition of all isolated compounds was evaluated. As for the ability to inhibit protein BRD4, compound 9 exhibited moderate activity with the value of 78.4 ± 2.2% at 10 μM.     

Ecological Relationship between Mud Crab Scylla serrata (Forskal) and Mangroves and the Pattern of Utilization

The ecological relationship between mud crab Scylla serrata(Forskal)and mangroveswas described in this paper.Mangrove swamps are important reproductive places for mud crabs,where zoeae,megalopae,juveniles from 1st to 14th instar,adult crabs and ovigerous female crabswere found.Mangrove roots and the leaf litter are the shelters of the mud crab.The zoeae andmegalopae of mud crab can normally grow and develop on the plankton and debris that are well-supplied in mangrove swamps.There are a lot of Phascolesoma,Mollusca and Crustacea whichconstitute the delicious foods of the mud crab in mangrove swamps.The larger crabs have apreference for Ostrea,Balanus and Vignadula which usually amply adhere and endanger themangroves,so the mud crab is helpful for the development of the mangrove communties.Finallya pattern of ecological culture of the mud crab in mangrove swamps was suggested.     

Heavy metal distribution in the sediment profiles of the Sauípe River Estuary, north seashore of the Bahia State, Brazil

The distribution of the elements Al, Fe and selected heavy metals (Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu and Cr) plus the organic matter in the sedimentary substratum of the mangrove ecosystem that surrounds the estuary of the Sauípe River (Bahia, Brazil) is presented. Mangrove sediments were collected from six stations from where each sample was collected from the interface water-sediment till the depth of 50 cm and its location was in accordance to the inter-tidal transection in order to characterize the three mangrove stands (proximal, intermediate and distal spatial position in relation to the main river channel). The results are important to subsidize any further studies in this region that require local geochemical references. The substratum of the Sauípe River's mangrove is in accordance with the other mangroves that occur in the Bahia State where there is no evidence of anthropic source of pollution.     

New Lactone and Xanthone Derivatives Produced by a Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Phoma sp. SK3RW1M from the South China Sea

A new lactone, 1,8‐dihydroxy‐10‐methoxy‐3‐methyldibenzo[b,e]oxepine‐6,11‐dione ( 1 ), and two new xanthones, 1‐hydroxy‐8‐(hydroxymethyl)‐6‐methoxy‐3‐methyl‐9H‐xanthen‐9‐one ( 2 ) and 1‐hydroxy‐8‐(hydroxymethyl)‐3‐methoxy‐6‐methyl‐9H‐xanthen‐9‐one ( 3 ), were isolated from a mangrove endophytic fungus Phoma sp. SK3RW1M collected from the South China Sea. This is the first report on xanthone derivatives isolated as secondary metabolites from Phoma species. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, mainly 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR techniques, and the structure of compound 2 was confirmed by X‐ray crystallography. Cytotoxicity assays showed that compounds 1 – 3 were inactive against KB and KBv200 cells.