Establishment of hybrid-derived offspring populations in the Ohomopterus ground beetles through unidirectional hybridization

An approach to deduce the mechanism of stabilization of the hybrid-derived populations in the Ohomopterus ground beetles has been made by comparative studies on the phylogenetic trees of the mitochondrial and nuclear DNA. A phylogenetic tree based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal gene roughly reflects the relations of morphological species group, while mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (ND5) gene shows a considerable different topology on the tree; there exist several geographically-linked lineages, most of which consist of more than one species. These results suggest that the replacement of mitochondria has occurred widely in the Ohomopterus species. In most cases, hybridization is unidirectional, i.e., the species A (♂) hybridized with another species B (♀) and not vice versa, with accompanied replacement of mitochondria of A by those of B. The results also suggest that partial or complete occupation of the distribution territory by a hybrid-derived morphological species. The morphological appearance of the resultant hybrid-derivatives are recognized as that of the original species A. Emergence of a morphological new species from a hybrid-derived population has been exemplified.     

Dose prediction and process optimization in a gamma sterilization facility using 3-D Monte Carlo code

A model of a gamma sterilizer was built using the ITS/ACCEPT Monte Carlo code and verified through dosimetry. Individual dosimetry measurements in homogeneous material were pooled to represent larger bodies that could be simulated in a reasonable time. With the assumptions and simplifications described, dose predictions were within 2–5% of dosimetry. The model was used to simulate product movement through the sterilizer and to predict information useful for process optimization and facility design.     

Microcalorimetry as a possible tool for phylogenetic studies of Tetrahymena

Using isothermal microcalorimetry, the growth power-time curves of three strains of Tetrahymena were determined at 28°C. Their Euclidean distances and cluster analysis diagram were obtained by using two thermokinetic parameters (r and Q_log), which showed that T. thermophila BF₁ and T. thermophila BF₅ had a closer relationship. Compared with the single molecular biomarker (ITS1) method, microcalorimetry wasmaybe a simpler, more sensitive andmore economic technique in the phylogenetic studies of Tetrahymena species.     

核糖体DNA ITS区应用于虫草属无性型鉴定的初步研究

虫草无性型鉴定是困扰学术界的一个难题．本文检索了互联网上报道的虫草及可能的无性型序列，应用相关软件构建进化树，研究了它们的同源性．从总体上看，核糖体DNA ITS区序列研究与传统经典分类学相互印证进行虫草无性型鉴定是完全可行和必要的．     

基于图像处理技术的汽车追尾预警系统的研究

如何防止高速公路中汽车追尾是智能交通系统所要急待解决的问题.本文利用中心透视原理和图像处理的方法可以解决车道识别,车辆识别和车间距测量的关键难点,达到高速公路汽车追尾预警的目的.实验结果表明效果良好,算法简便,可以有很好的实时性.     

茶藨子属ITS2序列二级结构的预测和比较分析

目的:利用内转录间隔区2(ITS2)序列对茶藨子属30个物种进行分类鉴定.方法:利用Clustal W软件多序列比对分析从Genbank上下载的ITS2序列,通过MEGA7.0软件计算遗传距离(K2P),基于K2P模型构建邻接(NJ)聚类树,并用RNA Structure5.4软件分析各物种ITS2二级结构的差异.结果:从构建的聚类树可知,茶藨子属30个物种均聚为1大枝11个小分枝,说明茶藨子属是一个单系类群;根据ITS2的二级结构分析,该属所有物种都均具有相似的结构,说明了该属的特异性较强,同时也说明了ITS2序列分析适用于茶藨子属植物的分类鉴定,并在近缘物种间的系统学研究、物种的鉴定方面具有较大的应用潜力.     

10株葡萄源丝状真菌分离鉴定及其致病力分析

采用组织分离法从京郊地区腐烂的葡萄果实及葡萄叶上分离到10株丝状真菌,其中从腐烂的葡萄果实中分离到3株丝状真菌,命名为814#、815#和880#；从葡萄叶上分离到7株丝状真菌,命名为794#、797#、798#、811#、902#、903#和1397#。结合形态学特征及真菌rDNA ITS区序列分析结果,菌株814#为茎点霉(Phoma sp.),菌株815#为刺孢曲霉(Aspergillus aculeatus),菌株880#为灰葡萄孢(Botrytis cinerea),菌株794#为日本曲霉(Aspergillus japonicus),菌株797#为粉红单端孢(Trichothecium roseum),菌株798#为大蒜盲种葡萄孢(Botrytis porri), 菌株811#为果生炭疽菌(Colletotrichum fructicola),菌株902#为链格孢菌(Alternaria eichhorniae),菌株903#为芬芳镰孢菌(Fusarium redolens)和菌株1397#为脉孢菌(Neurospora terricola),其中A. aculeatus、A. japonicus、C. fructicola、A. eichhorniae、F. redolens和N. terricola未见在葡萄上分离到的报道。将10株丝状真菌分别接种到健康的葡萄、圣女果、苹果和梨果实上,B. cinerea、A. japonicus、A. aculeatus、T. roseum、B. porri、C. fructicola、A. eichhorniae和F. redolens均可使4种果实发病,其中B. cinerea、A. japonicus、B. porri和F. redolens致病力较强；而Phoma sp.和N. terricola只能使葡萄和圣女果发病。     

凤仙白粉病的病原菌鉴定

凤仙白粉病菌使凤仙花科植物叶片出现白色病斑.对河南商丘地区的凤仙白粉病菌进行了致病性分析、形态学及分子生物学鉴定.该病原菌分生孢子椭圆形或桶形,大小为22～28μm×16～21 μm.分生孢子梗直立,圆柱形,简单不分枝,包含1个足细胞,1～3个远基细胞,3～6个排列成链的桶形分生孢子,大小为112～180 μm×9～1...     

两株丝状真菌N3、N9的分类鉴定

从一酸奶样品中分离到两株丝状真菌N3、N9,通过形态学观察、ITS序列测定及其系统发育分析,初步确定了N3、N9菌株的分类地位以及与其近缘种之间的生物系统学关系.实验结果表明N3、N9菌株在PDA培养基上形成典型绒状茵落,菌丝体上具有担子茵所特有的锁状联合结构.ITS序列测定及系统发育分析表明N3菌株与灰白侧耳(Pleurotus spodoleucus)同源性最高,N9菌株与佛罗里达侧耳(Pleurotus floridanus)同源性最高.     

智能化教学系统中教学模块的设计与应用

简要介绍智能化教学系统及其中各模块的功能,提出对核心模块——教学模块的设计思路,并给出它的工作过程,即教学模块是如何获取最佳教学决策的.最后,总结教学模块在智能化教学系统的重要地位及智能化教学系统的应用前景.