Two-dimensional Compact Perfect Shuffle Optical Interconnection

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Holographic optical elements as scanning lidar telescopes

We have developed and investigated the use of holographic optical elements (HOEs) and holographic transmission gratings for scanning lidar telescopes. Rotating a flat HOE in its own plane with the focal spot on the rotation axis makes a very simple and compact conical scanning telescope. We developed transmission and reflection HOEs for use at the first three harmonic wavelengths of Nd:YAG lasers. The diffraction efficiency, diffraction angle, focal length, focal spot size and optical losses were measured for several HOEs and holographic gratings, and found to be suitable for use as lidar receiver telescopes, and in many cases could also serve as the final collimating and beam steering optic for the laser transmitter. Two lidar systems based on this technology have been designed, built, and successfully tested in atmospheric science applications. This technology will enable future spaceborne lidar missions by significantly lowering the size, weight, power requirement and cost of a large aperture, narrow field of view scanning telescope.     

Large refractive index modulation tilted holographic planar structured grating based on dichromated gelatin

A new type grating, tilted holographic planar structured dichromated gelatin (DCG) grating with large refractive index modulation, is presented in this paper. The grating is inscribed by superposing two coherent laser beams from the front and the thin side surfaces, respectively. The relationship between the tilted angle and the three types of coupling modes is analyzed when coupling with fiber. Besides, the couple mode theory and experimental investigation are applied on major characteristics analysis of the radiation mode DCG grating of tilted angle 45°. Due to the tilted planar structured grating has large refractive index modulation, it not only offers convenience for connecting (or integrating) with other fiber or waveguide-based devices, but also provide some special characteristics such as low wavelength selectivity (which is required for some applications such as multiple spectrum biomedical imaging). Therefore, this unique grating device has a wide application in optical fields such as for the waveguide-based, parallel, multiple spectrum imaging system.     

全息光学元件(HOE)用于光盘读写头设计

讨论了在光盘读写头设计中采用全息光学元件(HOE)及二极管激光器所涉及的技术问题及解决方法。双全息光学元件的应用可以校正二极管激光器输出的椭圆光束,可以补偿二极管激光输出波长变动对聚焦光斑的影响。采用光线追迹计算机模拟方法讨论了几种全息式光盘读写头结构。对双球面透镜双全息光学元件的读写头结构给出了实验结果。     

用于全息光学头的 HOE 几个问题讨论

分析了全息光学头中的关键元件ＨＯＥ的衍射效率与位相量化噪声,通过槽纹轮廓结构参数优化与改善工艺提高衍射效率,实现ＨＯＥ元件的实用化．     

表面形貌的全息式非接触光学测量方法

讨论了关于表面形貌的一种全息式非接触光学测量新方法．此方法采用全息光学元件ＨＯＥ替代普通光学元件,作为离焦检测元件,提高了测量精度和范围．     

NMR Studies of Agricultural Compounds. Applications of Achiral and Chiral Lanthanide Shift Reagents to the Herbicide,Fenoxaprop-Ethyl

The 200 MHz H NMR spectra of the herbicide, fenoxaprop-ethyl, 1, have been studied in CDCl₃ solution at ambient temperatures as the racemic ester free base with the added chiral lanthanide shift reagent (LSR), tris [3 - (heptafluoropropylhydroxymethylene) - (+) - camphorato]europium(III), Eu(HFC)₃, 2, with some additional runs using the achiral LSR, tris(6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedionato) europium(III), Eu(FOD)₃, 3, for supplemental spectral simplification. With 2, definite enantiomeric shift differences (ΔΔδ) were observed only for the CH₃CH₂O resonance. Although increased spectral complexity for the CH₂O signal was seen with added 2, this could have resulted from anisochrony of the diastereotopic protons, H_a and H_b, of this methylene group rather than true ΔΔδ, since the achiral 3 led to near-baseline separation between the CH_aH_bO signals. Lanthanide-induced shift (LIS) magnitudes were interpreted as consistent with predominant LSR binding at the ester carbonyl.     

A Holographic Optical Element for an Integrated Optical Head

Diffraction efficiencies of a reflection-type blazed holographic optical element (HOE) are analyzed and optimized for use in a totally integrated optical head. The HOE, consisting of four-step phase levels, was fabricated by a double-etching process. By controlling each etching depth, signal light power efficiency was maximized to 16% and the power ratio of noise components relative to signal light power was suppressed to 21%. Diffraction efficiencies were made uniform over the entire HOE in oblique positioning by controlling the respective step widths of the HOE.     

Design of an off-axis HOE light concentrator to focus light from multiple directions in a plane

The attractive and multifunctional properties of holographic optical elements (HOEs) offer an opportunity to create compact optical systems for a wide range of applications. In this paper, we propose a novel method of focusing light onto a small region of space by an off-axis HOE that is illuminated from multiple directions in a plane. An off-axis spherical wave generated from a microscopic objective (0.65 NA) is combined with sequentially illuminated five reference waves at the recording plane. A multi-exposure technique is adopted for recording. A comparison between single-exposure and multi-exposure technique is also presented. The design parameters, performance and possible applications of these optical devices are described.     

用二维全息光栅制作光学时钟分布中的全息光学元件

提出了用二维全息光栅制作自由空间光学时钟分布中的全息光学元件的方法.实验中采用类似于马赫 泽德干涉仪的光路;其中,物光为二维光栅中间的9个衍射级.分析了二维光栅各衍射级的衍射效率、位置及各衍射级之间的间距.初步实验得到了可产生二维3×3输出端的全息光学元件.理论分析表明,该全息光学元件可适用于3×3光敏面半径大于10μm的光探测器阵列.