一种高效纯化血清淀粉样物质A(SAA)的方法

通过密度梯度超速离心、脱脂从急性相胸水中分离得到含有血清淀粉样物质A（Serum AmyloidA,SAA）的高密度脂蛋白（HDL），再通过两次Sephacry1S-200层析纯化SAA蛋白。经SDS-PAGE电泳和Western Blotting检验证实得到的SAA蛋白纯度高，可作为抗原免疫动物制备抗体，方法可用于从胸水中大量制备SAA。     

An effective and rapid determination by MALDI/TOF/TOF of methionine sulphoxide content of ApoA‐I in type 2 diabetic patients

Increased oxidation of low density lipoprotein (LDL) is characteristic of atherosclerosis. In this frame, high density lipoproteins (HDL) play an important role, being able to remove lipid peroxides (LPOs) and cholesterol from oxidized LDL, so exhibiting a protective role against atherosclerosis. A wide range of reactive compounds lead to the oxidation of methionine (Met) residues with the formation of methionine sulphoxide (MetO) in apolipoprotein A‐I (ApoA‐I). Consequently, the determination of MetO level can give both an evaluation of oxidative stress and the reduced capability of ApoA‐I in LPOs and cholesterol transport. For these reasons, the development of analytical methods able to determine the MetO level is surely of interest, and we report here the results obtained by MALDI mass spectrometry. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

PLI-CRC校验码在EoS封装技术中的实现

EoS( Ethernet over SDH)技术结合了SDH和以太网两者的优势,实现了以太网数据在SDH上传输.针对硬件资源优化及EoS系统中数据帧长PLI的CRC-16校验码算法特点,提出基于FPGA的改进实现方法,通过电路仿真与综合结果表明,该方法实现了对高速并行化数据传输的有效保护,在资源消耗、实现效率两方面都取得了较好效果.     

基于EDA工具的数字电子系统设计

介绍了基于 EDA工具的硬件电子系统的设计方法 ,并针对特定的在系统可编程 CPL D器件 isp L SI10 16目标芯片描述了自动洗衣机模拟控制器的程序设计步骤 ,给出了 HDL程序代码     

Work function of metals: Relation between theory and experiment

Theoretical approaches to calculation of work function within jellium model and the problem of extension of this model to include the lattice corrections to the work function are briefly discussed. Lattice corrections to the work function obtained from the experiment are estimated and compared with those calculated theoretically.

It is found that the mean value of the experimental lattice correction <δψ_hkl>_hkl compared to the mean work function is negligible. It is stated that the mean work function can be treated as a material constant characterizing a given metal, such as, e.g., binding energy.An expression for the dependence of jellium work function on r_s, valid in a metallic range of r_s, is given. A comparison between then theoretical and experimental results is presented and the role of correlation energy is examined. It is shown that more accurate approximations of the correlation energy than that given by Wigner's formula lead to a better agreement with experiment. A simple model is presented for explanation of work function changes on single crystal planes. Some recent results concerning the thermal dependence of work function are given. The dependence of the work function on the degree of coverage is discussed both for alkali and non-alkali atoms adsorption. Theoretical models are briefly reviewed and comparison between theory and experiment is made. A simple model is presented for explanation of the work function variation on rough planes in metallic non-alkali atoms chemisorption.     

Open tubular capillary electrochromatography: A useful microreactor for collagen I glycation and interaction studies with low-density lipoprotein particles

Diabetes, a multifunctional disease and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the industrialized countries, strongly associates with the development and progression of atherosclerosis. One of the consequences of high level of glucose in the blood circulation is glycation of long-lived proteins, such as collagen I, the most abundant component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in the arterial wall. Glycation is a long-lasting process that involves the reaction between a carbonyl group of the sugar and an amino group of the protein, usually a lysine residue. This reaction generates an Amadori product that may evolve in advanced glycation end products (AGEs). AGEs, as reactive molecules, can provoke cross-linking of collagen I fibrils. Since binding of low-density lipoproteins (LDLs) to the ECM of the inner layer of the arterial wall, the intima, has been implicated to be involved in the onset of the development of an atherosclerotic plaque, collagen modifications, which can affect the affinity of native and oxidized LDL for collagen I, can promote the entrapment of LDLs in the intima and accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis.In this study, open tubular capillary electrochromatography is proposed as a new microreactor to study in situ glycation of collagen I. The kinetics of glycation was first investigated in a fused silica collagen I-coated capillary. Dimethyl sulphoxide, injected as an electroosmotic flow marker, gave information about the charge of coating. Native and oxidized LDL, and selected peptide fragments from apolipoprotein B-100, the protein covering LDL particles, were injected as marker compounds to clarify the interactions between LDLs and the glycated collagen I coating. The method proposed is simple and inexpensive, since only small amounts of collagen and LDL are required. Atomic force microscopy images complemented our studies, highlighting the difference between unmodified and glycated collagen I surfaces.     

Application of thiophilic chromatography to deplete serum immunoglobulins in sample preparation for bidimensional electrophoresis

Serum is a typical sample for non-invasive studies in clinical research. Its proteome characterization is challenging, since requires extensive protein depletion. Methods used nowadays for removal of high-abundance proteins are expensive or show quite often a low loading capacity, which has strong repercussions on the number of samples and replicates per analysis.In order to deplete immunoglobulins (Igs) and albumin (HSA) from 1 mL serum samples, we have developed a protocol based on a combination of thiophilic chromatography, not previously used in clinical proteomics, and a HSA-specific resin. Ig/HSA-depleted samples, immunoglobulinome and albuminone were analyzed by 2-DE. Thiophilic chromatography, coupled with HSA-depletion, allows a good 2-DE resolution as well as the visualization of new spots. Moreover, it yields enough protein to evaluate technical variability and facilitate subsequent protein identification. To validate the protocol, we carried out a preliminary comparative study between triplicate Igs/HSA-depleted serum samples from healthy control individuals and recently diagnosed/untreated rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. RA patients showed several acute phase proteins, as well as additional serum proteins, differentially and significantly regulated.Therefore, thiophilic chromatography can be used as an efficient and economical method in 2-DE to deplete immunoglobulins from large human serum samples before a more extensive fractioning.     

Profiling of phospholipids in lipoproteins by multiplexed hollow fiber flow field-flow fractionation and nanoflow liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

This study describes a coupled analytical method to carry out the systematic profiling of phospholipids (PLs) in high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL) from human blood plasma. HDL and LDL of healthy human plasma samples were separated by size and collected on a semi-preparative scale using multiplexed hollow fiber flow field-flow fractionation (MxHF5). Phospholipid mixtures contained in the resulting HDL and LDL fractions were analyzed by shotgun nanoflow liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (nLC–ESI-MS–MS). We utilized a dual scan method for the separation and simultaneous characterization of complicated PL mixtures by nLC–ESI-MS–MS, such that phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) molecules were detected in positive ion mode in a first LC run. In a second LC run, phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), and phosphatidic acid (PA) were detected in negative ion mode. In this study, a total of 56 PLs from HDL and 52 PLs from LDL particles were characterized by their molecular structures from data dependent collision-induced dissociation (CID) experiments, and their relative abundances were compared.     

Verilog HDL语言RTL级描述的可综合性

所谓逻辑综合就是将较高抽象层次的描述自动转换到较低层次描述的一种方法。由于Ｖｅｒｉｌｏｇ ＨＤＬ（Ｖｅｒｉｌｏｇ Ｈａｒｄｗａｒｅ Ｄｅｓｃｒｉｐｔｉｏｎ Ｌａｎｇｕａｇｅ）本身的特点，许多面向仿真的语句虽符合语法规则却是不能综合的，这在设计中必须加以避免。同时讨论了如何写出Ｖｅｒｉｌｏｇ ＨＤＬ可综合风格的ＲＴＬ（Ｒｅｇｉｓｔｅｒ Ｔｒａｎｓｆｅｒ Ｌｅｖｅｌ）级语言描述的程序。     

虚拟仪器B型超声诊断仪的硬件系统设计

提出了虚拟仪器B型超声波诊断仪的概念和体系结构,介绍了虚拟仪器结构的B型超声波诊断仪的硬件系统设计与实现.着重介绍了仪器硬件的一些关键电路设计,以及提高仪器性能的途径和方法.