Measurements of Time-Varying Characteristics of Optical Signals and Inhomogeneities of Tested Substances with Additional Phase Modulation

The problem of investigation of the amplitude and phase structure of a time-varying probing optical signal and the structure of time-varying inhomogeneities of a substance tested by this signal is considered. The analysis is concerned, in particular, with determination of the structure of signals and processes with resolution in the pico- and femtosecond range. The scheme used for the analysis is based on registration of four spatially separated spectra of the studied radiation. The spectra are formed in a four-channel scheme with a twin-wave Michelson interferometer and a spectral device. Modulators based on electrooptical crystals (perovskites) are placed in the channels. The sum spectra are formed: without modulators, with the effect of either of the modulators, and with both of them affecting the radiation. The effect of the studied substance implies either modulating the radiation (in this case it is described by multiplication) or redistributing the radiation (then it is described by convolution).     

Characteristic of a broadband Ti:LiNbO3 optical modulator with buried electrodes and etched grooves in the buffer layer

Traveling wave Ti:LiNbO₃ Mach-Zehnder optical modulators with buried electrodes and etched grooves in the SiO₂ buffer layer are analyzed by the finite element method. The tradeoff between the bandwidth BW and the half-wave voltage Vπ is discussed. The value of BW/Vπ is used to weight the total performance of the modulator. Taking a thick buffer layer and etching deep grooves in the buffer layer are demonstrated as two effective methods to improve the performance of the modulator. A 3-dB optical bandwidth of 18 GHz with half-wave voltage 5V at a wavelength of 1.55 pm could be obtained even though the electrode is not very thick. When the requirement of half-wave voltage is not very critical, a bandwidth of more than 100 GHz can be obtained.     

Homogeneous immunoassays

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology -     

FM音乐合成的研究与实现

根据FM合成技术的工作原理、FM合成器的基本组成,研究了其中各种参数的作用及这些参数对音乐合成效果的影响。据此设计了一套方案,通过控制音符、节拍及演奏乐器等特定参数,实时地得到一段完整的旋律。并重点讨论了关键技术及可能遇到的问题,给出相应的解决方法。在PC机上用定点程序实现的该技术,向DSP芯片中移植提供了技术依据。     

Evaluation of the Kushida Method of short-term earthquake prediction

Kushida and Kushida found that FM radio waves from stations at distances over-the-horizon are received before earthquakes. Based on this finding, since the mid-1990’s, the Kushidas have been practicing “Earthquake Precursor Detection Experiment”. The performance of the Kushida method during 2000–2003 has been evaluated by checking their predictions against the actual seismicity. During the period, there were 92 Kushida predictions mentioning the possibility of M ≥ 5.5 event, whereas there were 49 M ≥ 5.5 earthquakes in the Japanese region. If the criteria for successful prediction are set as: the errors in date is less than one day, epicentral position is roughly within specified area, and error in M is less than 0.5, the success rate was 20% and the alarm rate was 12%. If we relax the criteria to: the errors in dates within 10 days, epicenter within additional 100 km of specified area and the magnitude error less than 1.0, the success rate was 40% and the alarm rate was 27%. These rates may look insufficient for a practical prediction method. Considering, however, the fact that no other short-term prediction has ever been made in Japan so far it is a significant achievement. Moreover, it was found that in almost all failed predictions, meaningful signals were detected although the interpretations were incorrect. This indicates that the method is promising provided further investigation is carried out. The same evaluation at the M ≥ 6.0 level showed that the general performance was similar to the M ≥ 5.5 level, except that both success rate and alarm rate were lower at the M ≥ 6.0 level. If this unexpected finding is real, it might be inherent to the methodology using scattering of short-wave length radio waves as suggested by M. Hayakawa and may contain important information in understanding the earthquake physics and LAI-coupling. The results of the present study indicate strongly that the earthquake prediction research using anomalous transmission of VHF FM radio waves should be enhanced in parallel with complementary research in other frequency ranges.     

VM—1邻频电视调制器电路原理分析

分析了一种射频处理邻频电视调制器的电路原理，阐述了为满足邻频电视信号传输要求而采取的带外寄生分量抑制技术及ＳＡＷＦ的应用。     

Real time observation of the photocleavage of single DNA molecules

A method for real time observation of photo-cleavage of stratched λDNA at single molecular level by a fluorescent microscope coupled with CCD is developed.DNA molecules stained with YOYO-1 are stretched by the mo-lecular combing technique and fixed on a modified slide.Then the Process of Photocleavage and relaxation of DNA under radiation of blue light is observed.We speculate that the conformation change of stretched DNA and the effect of water are likely to facilitate the effect of YOYO photocleav-age DNA molecules.The photocleavage effect of YOYO for stretched DNA may be useful to study DNA elasticity,cancer research as well as the interaction between DNA and dyes.     

应用于食品杀菌的高循环线性脉冲调制器研究

高压脉冲电源是高压脉冲杀菌的关键部件之一,其中高压脉冲的脉冲宽度、脉冲间隔的调节问题是急待解决的问题.介绍一种应用于食品杀菌设备中的高循环脉冲调制器,其具有最大重复脉冲700pps、脉宽14μs,且能驱动5.5MW超高频调制管.闸流管要保持足够的恢复时间,就需采用充电控制系统,充电晶闸管组能控制峰值达50A充电电流,该装置最大输出功率为205kW.     

移动电话机的无线耳机系统

用新型器件研制一种汽车司机用的移动电话机小型调频无线耳机的接收发射系统.给出系统的方块组成图并进行电路分析.该系统具有如下特性:座机装置具有节能功能;抗噪声干扰性能好;全双工系统;小型轻量;容易操作,适用于当前流行的多种移动电话机.     

基于FPGA的小功率立体声发射机的设计

介绍了基于FPGA,利用数字频率合成技术实现的小功率立体声FM调频发射机的设计.采用FPGA完成对核心芯片MC145152的控制,可自动改变并测量发射频率并用液晶显示;同时实现了频率扩展、自制音源、立体声编码等功能,使该方案更加完善、实用.本设计基于超高速硬件描述语言VHDL在Xilinx公司的SpartanⅡ系列的XC2S2005PQ-208芯片上编程实现,经测试,整机功能齐全,性能指标优良.