Allocating electricity transmission costs through tracing: a game-theoretic rationale

Tracing is a method of assigning flows in an electricity network to particular generators and loads, assuming perfect mixing at each node. It can be used to assign costs to transmission users. We show that the resulting allocation is equal to the Shapley value of an equivalent co-operative game.     

西山煤电集团公司前山矿区煤质特征及其应用

介绍了西山煤电集团公司前山矿区现开采煤层的煤质特征及其变化规律,并结合煤质特征进行了应用分析。     

A numerical algorithm for pricing electricity derivatives for jump-diffusion processes based on continuous time lattices

We present a numerical algorithm for pricing derivatives on electricity prices. The algorithm is based on approximating the generator of the underlying price process on a lattice of prices, resulting in an approximation of the stochastic process by a continuous time Markov chain. We numerically study the rate of convergence of the algorithm for the case of the Merton jump-diffusion model and apply the algorithm to calculate prices and sensitivities of both European and Bermudan electricity derivatives when the underlying price follows a stochastic process which exhibits both fast mean-reversion and jumps of large magnitude.     

铝制沐浴水热回收器的初步设计

对一种新型的铝制沐浴水热回收器进行初步设计。该沐浴水热回收器具有成本低,回收效率高等优点。介绍其工作原理,并以某三口之家为例,计算该热回收器的节能效益。结合沐浴水余热使用情况不合理的现状,讨论其发展前景。     

用电信息采集系统上线率低问题浅析

结合固原电网用电信息采集系统改造过程出现的各类问题，从集中器与主站召测数据有误和集中器与采集终端召测有误两方面，分析了系统改造后上线率偏低的原因，并提出具体解决措施，为今后的用电信息采集系统改造提供参考。     

模/ 数混合集成电路中的数字开关噪声分析

本文分析了静态CMOS逻辑开关在模 数混合集成电路中的开关特性、噪声特性、功耗及功耗延迟积等对其性能的影响 ,并提出用电流控制逻辑结构代替静态CMOS逻辑 ,实现低电压工作性能和峰值噪声电流下降     

对电现象的一些思考

探讨了有关电的几个概念的起源，讨论了电荷具有哪些性质，电现象遵从什么规律，进而回答了什么是“电”的问题。     

Strategic bidding in continuous electricity auctions: an application to the Spanish electricity market

In this paper we introduce an asymmetric model of continuous electricity auctions with limited production capacity and bounded supply functions. The strategic bidding is studied with this model by means of an electricity market game. We prove that for every electricity market game with continuous cost functions a mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium always exists. In particular, we focus on the behavior of producers in the Spanish electricity market. We consider a very simple form for the Spanish electricity market: an oligopoly consisting just of independent hydro-electric power production units in a single wet period. We show that a pure-strategy Nash equilibrium for the Spanish electricity market game always exists.     

Bilevel optimization applied to strategic pricing in competitive electricity markets

In this paper, we present a bilevel programming formulation for the problem of strategic bidding under uncertainty in a wholesale energy market (WEM), where the economic remuneration of each generator depends on the ability of its own management to submit price and quantity bids. The leader of the bilevel problem consists of one among a group of competing generators and the follower is the electric system operator. The capability of the agent represented by the leader to affect the market price is considered by the model. We propose two solution approaches for this non-convex problem. The first one is a heuristic procedure whose efficiency is confirmed through comparisons with the optimal solutions for some instances of the problem. These optimal solutions are obtained by the second approach proposed, which consists of a mixed integer reformulation of the bilevel model. The heuristic proposed is also compared to standard solvers for nonlinearly constrained optimization problems. The application of the procedures is illustrated in case studies with configurations derived from the Brazilian power system.     

Multicommodity long-term hydrogeneration optimization with capacity and energy constraints

The work presented deals with long-term hydrogeneration optimization in integrated systems when there are no limitations on the availability of fuels for thermal units. A multicommondity network model represents hydrovariables. Hydrogeneration and its unavailability distribution is modeled as a multiblock distribution and a procedure is derived to convolve the hydropower unavailability distribution with the load duration curve. A suitable approximation of the expected production cost is minimized subject to multicommodity network constraints and to hydropower capacity and hydroenergy limit nonlinear constraints. It can be applied to systems with hydrogeneration regardless of its proportion of hydrothermal mix. A realistic case example is solved and the results are discussed. Simulation tests performed with many inflow sequences validate the results obtained.