Crystal Structure of L-Quebrachitol

L-Quebrachitol (1) isolated from the root of Elaeagnus formosana Nakai (Elaeagnaceae) has not been reported before for any species of the genus of Elaeasnus. Its structure was established from spectral data and was completely characterized by single-crystal X-ray analysis. L-Quebrachitol crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2₁, with cell parameters are a = 6.702(4), b = 7.207(4), c = 8.758(5) Å, β = 90.24(5)° and Z = 2.     

Chemical Composition of Natural Hydrolates and Their Antimicrobial Activity on Arcobacter-Like Cells in Comparison with Other Microorganisms

Hydrolates obtained via the hydrodistillation and steam distillation of Lavandula angustifolia Mill., Syzygium aromaticum L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., and Laurus nobilis L. were analyzed by gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, the hydrolates were evaluated for antimicrobial activity (disk-diffusion and microdilution method), influence on biofilm formation (Christensen method) and cytotoxicity of concentrated hydrolates against human cell lines (A549) by xCELLigence system. Using chemical analysis, 48, 9, 13 and 33 different components were detected in lavender, clove, fennel and laurel hydrolates, respectively. Lavender hydrolate contained the largest proportion of 1,8-cineol, linalool furanoxide, and linalool. The main components of laurel hydrolate were 1,8-cineol, 4-terpineol and α-terpineol. Fenchone and estragole were the most abundant in fennel hydrolate, and eugenol and eugenyl acetate in clove hydrolate. Concentrated hydrolates showed significant antimicrobial activity. Clove hydrolate was among the most antimicrobially active agents, most preferably against C. albicans, with an inhibition zone up to 23.5 mm. Moreover, concentrated hydrolates did not show any cytotoxic effect again8 st human A549 cells. In the presence of the non-concentrated hydrolates, significantly reduced biofilm formation was observed; however, with concentrated clove hydrolate, there was an increase in biofilm formation, e.g., of A. thereius, A. lanthieri, and A. butzleri. Research shows new findings about hydrolates that may be important in natural medicine or for preservation purposes.     

内蒙古地区沙生植物--沙枣对亚硝酸盐分解作用的研究

利用分光光度法研究了内蒙古地区沙生植物———沙枣对亚硝酸盐的分解作用。结果表明,沙枣中富含的维生素C、维生素E和脯氨酸等抗氧化剂可以作为还原剂与亚硝酸盐作用,从而降低亚硝酸盐的含量;加入的沙枣量愈多,随时间延长对亚硝酸盐的分解能力亦增强,但不呈线性关系。试验结果表明,沙枣不仅可以作水土保持、防沙造林的先锋树种,还由于它富含抗氧化物,可作为人体降低体内亚硝胺生成的良好补充源。     

Changes in Physicochemical,Free Radical Activity,Total Phenolic and Sensory Properties of Orange (Citrus sinensis L.) Juice Fortified with Different Oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.) Extracts

In Iran and other parts of Western Asia, the oleaster (Elaeagnus angustifolia L.) fruit is processed in the dried powdery form, and in recent times, increasingly applied/sprinkled in fruit juices such as those made from oranges (Citrus sinensis L.). To our best knowledge, the effectiveness of oleaster fruit extract in fortifying the orange juice has not yet been reported and the knowledge of this will greatly benefit the consumers, particularly those around the Western Asia region. This current work, therefore, investigated the changes in physicochemical, free radical activity, total phenolic compounds, and sensory properties of orange juice fortified with different oleaster fruit extracts. The orange juice mix formulation comprised different concentrations (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25%) of oleaster (alcoholic, aqueous, and hydro-alcoholic) extracts. The control comprised orange concentrate (4% w/v), sugar (8.5% w/v), and citric acid (0.1% w/v) brought to the desirable volume with water. As the free radical activity depicted the antioxidant properties, the physicochemical aspects of this work involved the determinations of Brix, density, ash, pH, total acidity, sucrose, and total sugar, whereas the sensory aspects involved the determinations of color and taste. Whilst the aqueous oleaster 20 and 25% extracts produced notable physicochemical differences in the orange juice mix, both free radical activity, and phenolic compounds significantly increased (p < 0.05) after 30 days despite resembling (p > 0.05) those of control at day 1. More so, the increases in aqueous, alcoholic, and hydro-alcoholic oleaster extracts would decrease (p < 0.05) the sensory color and taste of the orange juice mix in this study.     

沙枣叶中总黄酮的含量测定

目的:沙枣叶中总黄酮的含量测定.方法:用721分光光度计测其吸光度.结果:沙枣叶在19.5～117.1μg/ml线性关系良好,平均回收率97.844%,RSD=3.56%.结论:本方法简便易行,重现性良好.     

翅果油树花粉生活力研究

采集翅果油树花粉（乡宁种群17个样、翼城种群10个样）为实验材料,对贮藏在不同温度（室温20℃、4℃和-4℃）下翅果油树花粉的生活力进行了测定,并探索适合翅果油树花粉生活力测定的方法及条件.结果表明：（1）I-KI染色法适合于翅果油树花粉生活力的检验,而TTC染色法和醋酸洋红染色法不适合;（2）在室温20℃的条件下,乡宁和翼城翅果油树花粉萌发的最佳培养基不同,10%蔗糖＋0.1%硼酸适合乡宁翅果油树花粉生活力的测定,而15%蔗糖＋0.1%硼酸适合于翼城翅果油树花粉生活力测定;（3）在相同的条件下,乡宁的翅果油树花粉生活力较翼城的好.     

长白山西坡小叶章种群迅速扩张对火灾风险的影响

本文选择长白山西坡林线下缘为研究区,采用样方调查方法,对各种植物的频度、盖度和生长高度等生态指标进行分析,应用常规统计方法揭示小叶章在群落中的地位与影响,分析小叶章种群迅速扩张可能带来的火灾问题,结果表明小叶章通过生长高度的竞争优势强烈排斥其他植物,增加盖度,成为这个地带的优势种。小叶章在春秋两季是易燃物质,很容易引起火灾。因此应该采取一系列措施应对这种情况,使保护工作不断升级,维系长白山生态系统。     

Studies on the diterpenoid constituents from Rabdosia angustifolia

Two new ent-kaurene diterpenoids, angustifolin B and natural hydrogen-bonded 1:1 complex, angustifolin C, as well as four known diterpenoids, angustifolin, isodonal, sodoponin, tri-chorabdal B, were isolated from the leaves of Rabdosia angustifolia.     

不同地区大果沙枣nrDNA ITS比较及系统发育分析

对从GenBank搜取的12条大果沙枣nrDNA ITS序列变异进行了比较分析,发现大果沙枣的ITS长度在663～666bp之间,12条大果沙枣ITS序列共有23个变异位点,其中ITS1、ITS2变异位点多,分布为10个和11个,5.8S片段最为保守仅有2个突变位点.ITS全长及ITS1、5.8S、ITS2的GC含量都高于AT含量.分别采用邻接法（Neighbor-Joining）和最大简约法（Mini-mum Evolution）构建的ITS全长系统发育树显示,相同地区的大果沙枣并没有完全聚在一起,新疆和甘肃地区的聚类在一起,额济纳和外蒙古的相似性低,宁夏中卫大果沙枣位于系统树的基部,是最先分化的个体.