加强法制建设促进珠江上游经济环保整体发展

珠江上游南、北盘江流域水土流失严重，生态环境不断恶化，严重影响了该地区经济的可持续发展。法制建设在该地区环境保护中起着至关重要的作用，只有通过法律制度的不断创新和完善，才能为该地区的环境治理提供有效的法律保障，最终达到环境保护与经济发展的和谐统一。     

长江堤防工程地质信息处理模型及技术方法

长江中下游的主要防洪工程是长江干堤 ,长江堤防线路长、工程浩大、堤基工程地质水文地质条件复杂 ,涉及大量的已有地质数据和资料。今后在整治加固堤防的工程地质勘察工作中 ,还需随时进行数据的收集、存储、检索、分析、统计和维护 ,随时调用这些数据进行综合处理、编制报告和图件 ;在防汛期间可以针对堤防险工险段的险情 ,随时查询和调用有关的资料、数据或者图件 ,提供采取抢险措施决策的地质依据。这既提高了地质数据的利用价值和利用率 ,又保证了信息的准确性、完整性和共享性。因此 ,建立合理的长江堤防工程地质信息处理模型及其成熟的技术方法具有重要的意义。     

Single chain force spectroscopy - Reading the sequence of HP protein models

We study the elastic properties of single A/B random copolymer chains, with a specific sequence and use them as theoretical model for so called HP proteins. HP proteins carry hydrophilic (P) and hydrophobic (H) monomers. We predict a rich structure in the force-extension relations which can be attributed to the information in the sequence. The variational method is used to probe local minima on the path of stretching and releasing for the chain molecules. At a given force, we find multiple configurations which are separated by energy barriers. A collapsed globular configuration consists of several domains which unravel cooperatively. Upon stretching, the unfolding path shows a stepwise pattern corresponding to the unfolding of each domain. While releasing, several cores can be created simultaneously in the middle of the chain, resulting in a different path of collapse. The long-range interactions and stiffness of the chain simplify the potential landscape given by the disorder in sequence. Received 5 March 2002 / Received in final form 16 May 2002 Published online 13 August 2002     

Development of a parallel storm surge model

A new parallel storm surge model, the Parallel Environmental Model (PEM), is developed and tested by comparisons with analytic solutions. The PEM is a 2‐D vertically averaged, wetting and drying numerical model and can be operated in explicit, semi‐implicit and fully implicit modes. In the implicit mode, the propagation, Coriolis and bottom friction terms can all be treated implicitly. The advection and diffusion terms are solved with a parallel Eulerian–Lagrangian scheme developed for this study. The model is developed specifically for use on parallel computer systems and will function accordingly in either explicit of implicit modes. Storm boundary conditions are based on a simple exponential decay of pressure from the centre of a storm. The simulated flooding caused by a major Category 5 hurricane making landfall in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida is then presented as an example application of the PEM. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

南淝河水质S-P模型参数K1、K2的估值

对南淝河河流水质S-P模型中碳化BOD衰减系数K1和大气复氧系数K2分段进行了估值.根据实验测定数据,用最小二乘法、图解法和两点法等3种方法对K1进行了估值,应用公式估算法对K2进行了估值,并对估值的结果与南淝河的有机污染状况进行了对比和分析,从而为模型提供准确的参数值,也为南淝河的水污染控制和水质规划提供有益的借鉴.     

PRELIMINARY RESEARCHES ON LICHENOMETRIC CHRONOLOGY OF HOLOCENE GLACIAL FLUCTUATIONS AND ON OTHER TOPICS IN THE HEADWATER OF URUMQI RIVER, TIAN-SHAN MOUNTAINS

This paper introduced briefly the research results on lichenometry of the Holoceneglacial fluctuations in the headwater of the Urumqi River, in the central TianshanMountains and discussed the histories of the Holocene glaciers and the climate. It isconsidered that lichenometry is one applicable method for dating the mid- and late-Holocene deposits in the cold and mountainous regions. Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.)DCand Xanthoria elegans (Link.) Th. Fr. could be used for dating the deposits of about 4500and 500 a B.P. respectively. There existed at least four periods of glacial advances whichoccurred before about 5700, 4100, 2800 and 403- 74 a B. P. respectively with the firstperiod the longest. Little Ice Age includes three stages of glacial advances which endedbefore about 403, 208 and 74 a B. P. respectively with the second stage the maximum.During the general Holocene warming processes, there existed at least four cold peri-ods which ended before about 5700, 4100, 2800 and 420- 91 a B.P. respectively,     

Compact Single-Stage Femtosecond Multipass Ti：Sapphire Amplifier at 1 kHz with High Beam Quality

A compact femtosecond Ti：sapphire amplifier system is reported using single-stage multipass configuration with high beam quality. A high dispersion glass stretcher and a pair of double prisms for compression are introduced based on broadband femtosecond seed pulses. The non-grating-based pulse stretcher and compressor are advantageous to increase high beam quality and to reduce the high-order dispersion. A Gaussian filter is used to reduce the gain narrowing effect in amplification. The compact femtosecond Ti：sapphire nine-pass amplifier delivers pulses with a duration of 26 fs and an energy of 800μJ at 7mJ pumping pulses energy at I kHz. The 1-kHz femtosecond amplifier with high beam quality and high stability is very suitable for ultrafast physics research applications, such as attosecond science, ultra-precision micromachining, and THz wave generation.     

Paramagnetic defects in BaTiO3 and their role in light-induced charge transport — Optical studies

On the basis of a previous identification of paramagnetic defects in nominally undoped as grown BaTiO₃ single crystals, we have investigated the changes of the concentrations of these centers and their optical absorptions under illumination with light of varying wavelengths. The most pronounced charge transfers occur by hole ionization of Fe⁴⁺ and — to a lesser extent — of Cr⁵⁺ and Cr⁴⁺. At low temperatures the created holes are trapped in the form of O^–-ions next to Al³⁺ or unknown acceptor defects. Corresponding Fe⁴⁺ and O^– absorptions have been identified.     

插筋纵梁在山西引黄北干隧洞开挖中的应用

以山西引黄北干支北04主洞段开挖为例,介绍了在围岩洞开挖施工中成功的采用插筋纵梁取代超前锚杆的方法,结合施工实践,从插筋纵梁的选择、工作原理、设计参数等方面总结了插筋纵梁用于隧洞开挖的经验。