131I治疗甲状腺机能亢进症的自然转归分析

针对采用131I治疗甲状腺功能亢进症后如何进行暂时性甲状腺机能低下症的调整、治疗问题进行了分析,为甲状腺机能低下症的调整、治疗提供了参考.     

Cure kinetics of epoxy-amine resins used in the restoration of works of art from glass or ceramic

The cure kinetics of two epoxy/amine resins, Araldite 2020 and AY103-HY956 widely used as adhesives in the restoration of works of art from glass or ceramic was investigated using FTIR spectroscopy. These resins are two-part adhesives, consisting of a resin - A, based on a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, and a hardener - B which is either a cycloaliphatic amine (isophorone diamine) for Araldite 2020, or a mixture of three aliphatic amines in HY956. The study was based on the collection of IR spectra, in the middle range (4000-600 cm⁻¹), of mixtures of resin and hardener at different proportions and isothermal temperatures (22-70 °C) as a function of curing time. A kinetic model was employed to simulate the experimental data using two kinetic rate constants. Diffusion control was incorporated to describe the cure behaviour at high degrees of conversion. From fitting to experimental data the kinetic and diffusional parameters were estimated, together with the activation energies of the kinetic and autocatalytic rate constants. It was found that higher degrees of curing are obtained at higher temperatures and increased amounts of hardener. Differences in the performance of the two adhesives are explained based on the type of the amines used as hardener.     

Cure behavior and thermal stability of an epoxy: new bismaleimide blends for composite matrices

A new bismaleimide (BMI) resin was synthesized to formulate epoxy(tetraglycidyl diaminodiphenyl methane; TGDDM) – bismaleimide thermoset blends for composite matrix applications. 4,4′-diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM) was used as an amine curing agent for the TGDDM. A Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to characterize the new BMI resin. Cure behavior of the epoxy–BMI blends was studied using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). DSC thermograms of the thermoset blends indicated two exothermic peaks. The glass transition temperature of the thermoset blends decreased with BMI content. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was carried out to investigate thermal degradation behavior of the cured epoxy–BMI thermoset blends. The new BMI resin reacted partially with the DDM and weak intercrosslinking polymer networks were formed during cure of the thermoset blends.     

A phosphate-based epoxy resin for flame retardance: synthesis, characterization, and cure properties

A phosphorus-containing oligomer, bis(3-hydroxyphenyl) phenyl phosphate (BHPP), was synthesized through the reaction of phenyl dichlorophosphate and 1,3-dihydroxybenzene, and characterized by elemental analysis, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, and ¹H NMR and ³¹P NMR spectroscopy. Consequently, the phosphate-based epoxy resins with a phosphorus content of 1 and 2 wt % were prepared via the reaction of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A with BHPP and bisphenol-A, and were confirmed with Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. Phenolic melamine, Novolak, and dicyanodiamide were used as curing agents to prepare the thermoset resins with the control and the phosphate-based epoxy resins. Thermal properties and thermal degradation behavior of these thermoset resins were investigated by using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The thermoset resins cured with phenolic melamine exhibited higher glass-transition temperatures than the other cured resins owing to the high rigidity of their molecular chain. Thermogravimetric analysis studies demonstrated that the decomposition temperatures of the thermoset resins cured with Novolak were higher than those of the others. A synergistic effect from the combination of the phosphate-based epoxy resin and the nitrogen-containing curing agent can result in a great improvement of the flame retardance for their thermoset resins.     

Comparison of the effectiveness of epoxy cure accelerators using a fluorescent molecular probe

A simple optical method for quantitative comparison of the effectiveness of epoxy cure accelerators, used for speeding up the crosslinking process of epoxy resins with cyclic anhydrides, is described. Fluorescent molecular probes and a miniature fiber optic spectrometer have been applied for measurement of the cure kinetics of a model epoxy resin/anhydride composition in the presence of various cure accelerators. A quantitative index of accelerator performance has been determined for several of the most common accelerators.     

Influence of cellulose nanofibers on the curing behavior of epoxy/amine systems

Epoxy composites were prepared using diglycidyl ether bisphenol F and water-dilutable diglycidyl ether bisphenol A with curing agents, polyoxypropylenediamine and diethylmethylbenzenediamine, in water or dimethylformamide as a solvent. The influence of cellulose nanofibers and solvents on curing kinetics of epoxy composites was investigated. Curing kinetic parameters were calculated using the model-fitting methods and the isoconversional method. Among these, the Sestak–Berggren equation best fit the experimental data. Results indicated that dimethylformamide decreased the reaction rate, whereas water revealed the opposite pattern. Cellulose nanofibers catalyzed the reaction between bisphenol F resins and the aromatic curing agent.     

Real-time in situ monitoring of manufacturing process and CFRP quality by relative resistance change measurement

In situ monitoring of resin flow, impregnation of carbon fiber fabrics, and curing during composite manufacturing are very important for determining the quality of composite parts. In conventional methods, sensors, such as optical fibers and strain gages, are bonded to or embedded in the composites for measuring the changes in mechanical and chemical properties. Although they can detect resin curing behavior and impregnation of carbon fibers, they may adversely affect the manufacturing process or structural integrity of the composites. In this study, carbon fiber itself was used as a sensor that minimizes the degradation of mechanical properties and increases the efficiency of monitoring the manufacturing process. The change in the electrical resistance of carbon fiber fabrics was monitored during the various manufacturing processes when the resin flowed through the carbon fiber fabric and curing progressed. The effectiveness of this monitoring method was confirmed, and it is expected to be applicable in monitoring the quality of the finished composite parts.     

一种加成固化型热固性树脂PN-PAA固化过程和热稳定性研究

研究了炔丙基醚化酚醛树脂(PN)与聚芳基乙炔树脂(PAA)的反应性共混物(以下简称PN-PAA共混树脂)的相容性,并对共混树脂的固化过程和固化物的耐热性进行了表征.相态、DSC、SEM、TEM等测试结果均表明共混树脂及其固化物是完全相容的均相体系.凝胶时间、粘度、DSC等结果表明共混树脂固化工艺性优良,适合多种成型工艺(如RTM),显著改善了PAA树脂的固化工艺缺陷.DMA、TGA等分析表明共混树脂固化物具有很高的耐热性,可作为新型的防热复合材料和高温结构材料的基体.     

曲线距离法的二维光纤光谱弯曲校正

多目标光纤光谱望远镜可以在一次观测中获得大量的不同天体的光谱数据。从天体探测到的光在通过光纤之后,再通过光谱仪狭缝,然后在CCD传感器中成像为二维光谱图;之后经过光纤光谱数据处理系统的一系列软件处理,最终输出可供天文界使用的一维光谱并存储起来。一维光谱是天文学家研究目标天体的主要手段,它是通过处理二维光谱图得到的。以LAMOST为例,望远镜系统在一次观测后首先会得到32幅由250条光纤光谱组成的二维光谱,然后经过一系列的处理得到一维光谱。在这个过程中,会有很多因素影响到最终一维光谱的精确度。比如由于望远镜使用时间的增加,某些元件会产生磨损、老化或变形,使得二维光谱中光纤形状会产生一定程度的弯曲,这种弯曲在二维光谱的两侧表现得尤为明显。在一幅常见的二维光谱中,纵坐标方向代表了抽取的一维光谱的波长方向,横坐标方向代表了抽取的一维光谱的流量方向,这种弯曲形变的产生会影响到之后的波长定标和流量定标,使得抽取的一维谱信息不准确。目前初步的解决办法是通过与定标灯谱的比对来尽量减少其影响。但这样不仅造成了时间和人力的浪费,而且准确率和效率不高。就这一现状,提出了一种基于曲线距离法的思想,将弯曲的二维谱线校直：首先采用灰度重心法将一幅二维光谱中的250条光纤中心轨迹进行定位,将异常点采用稳健的局部回归方法剔除;然后将中心轨迹进行曲线拟合,得到光纤中心轨迹的方程;通过模仿曲线变弯的逆过程,即保持轨迹上两点间的曲线距离不变,再将弯曲的光谱映射到竖直的法线上,完成校直过程。在整个过程中保持各个对应点的灰度值不变,通过边缘处理和插值运算解决产生的像素点稀疏问题。最后采用累加法进行一维谱抽取,并将校直后抽取的一维光谱与未校直抽取的一维光谱进行比对,比对后可发现校直前后在一维光谱的两端差别较大,其差值谱线也说明了这一点。该方法实现了二维光谱的自动校直,大大提高了抽取一维谱的效率和准确性。二维光谱的预处理和校直方法首先在LAMOST数据上进行验证,鉴于多目标光纤光谱望远镜系统原理的相似性,该处理方法也适用于其他的多目标光纤光谱望远镜系统,具有较好的参考和应用价值。     

激光美容治疗仪的性能及临床应用

本文介绍的小型便携式激光美容治疗仪,具有体积小,结构简单,便于携带等特点,输出功率2-7瓦,非水冷CO_2激光美容治疗仪既可对面部和体表进行激光美容,又能治疗某些常见病和多发病。目前已通过省科委主持的鉴定,专家们认为整机性能可靠,达到国内同类技术的先进水平。