Chemical Constituents of Ligusticum sinensis Oliv.

The new phenylpropanoid diglycoside ligusinenoside A ( 1 ), and the two new 8,4′‐oxyneolignan(‘8‐O‐4′‐neolignan’) diglycosides ligusinenosides B ( 2 ) and C ( 3 ), together with nine known compounds, were isolated from the rhizomes of Ligusticum sinensis Oliv. The structures of 1 – 3 were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses.     

Products active on mosquitoes,IV: Synthesis and biological activity of 8-propargyloxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl/6-octenyl ethers

Summary A series of 8-proparglyoxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl and 8-propargyloxy-3,7-dimethyl-6-octenyl ethers were prepared from 8-hydroxygeranyl and 8-hydroxycitronellyl ethers, respectively. Almost all compounds showed high toxicity toCulex quinquefaciatus larvae at 1 mgl^–1 dose level.

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Gegen Mücken aktive Produkte, 4. Mitt.: Synthese und biologische Aktivität von 8-Propargyloxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl/6-octenyl-ethern

Zusammenfassung Eine Reihe von 8-Propargyloxy-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl- und 8-propargyloxy-3,7-dimethyl-6-octenyl-ethern wurden aus 8-Hydroxygeranyl- bzw. 8-Hydroxycitronellyl-ethern hergestellt. Fast alle Verbindungen zeigten hoch Toxizität gegenüber Larven vonCulex quinquefaciatus in einer Dosierung von 1 mgl^–1.

     

密闭微波辅助萃取当归粉中的阿魏酸

利用密闭微波样品制备系统(具有压力控制部件),对当归中的有效成分阿魏酸的萃取进行研究,比较了密闭微波萃取同超声波萃取和索氏萃取阿魏酸提取率的差异.结果表明:微波萃取与其他两种萃取方法相比,具有速度快和萃取率高的特点.并得到了阿魏酸提取的最佳条件:微波功率为400 W,萃取剂为90%的乙醇(体积分数),固-液比为1∶15,微波辐射为240 s,当归粒径为75μm.     

A New Dimeric Phthalide from Angelica sinensis

Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels (Umbelliferae), known as Danggui in Chinese, one of the most important traditional Chinese medicines, is used for tonifying blood and treating female irregular menstruation and amenorrhoea. It is also used for treatment of …     

毛细管区带电泳法测定冬虫夏草中的腺苷、腺嘌呤和尿嘧啶

建立了毛细管区带电泳法测定天然和人工冬虫夏草中腺苷、腺嘌呤和尿嘧啶含量的分析方法。采用15mmol/L硼砂＋14mmol/L磷酸二氢钠＋5％（V／V）甲醇（pH＝9.5）作为缓冲体系，在电压为18kV和检测波长为254nm的条件下，冬虫夏草提取液中的腺苷、腺嘌呤和尿嘧啶实现了基线分离。定量分析表明，3种成分的校正峰面积与质量浓度呈较好的线性关系(r≥0.9991）。考察了缓冲溶液的pH值、浓度及有机改性剂对腺苷、腺嘌呤和尿嘧啶迁移行为的影响。     

Synthesis, structural and larvicidal studies of some triorganotin 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrates

A series of triorganotin 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrates, (R₃SnO₂CCH(CH(CH₃)₂)C₆H₄Cl-4), where R = methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, phenyl and cyclo-hexyl, have been synthesized. Elemental analyses, Mössbauer, Infrared and NMR spectroscopies have been used to characterize their structures. Based on the spectroscopic results, all the complexes with the exception of the tricyclohexyl compound were found to be five-coordinated in the solid state while the tricyclohexyltin derivative was determined to be four-coordinated. Structural assignments based on spectroscopic data are supported by the crystallographic results of four of the triorganotin butyrates (trimethyl-, tri-n-propyl-, tri-n-butyl- and tricyclohexyltin 2-(p-chlorophenyl)-3-methylbutyrate). Multinuclear NMR spectroscopy studies indicated that all the complexes were tetrahedral in solution. Larvicidal activities of the complexes were evaluated against the 2nd instar stage of the Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus mosquitoes. The toxicity data indicate that there does not appear to be any significant differences of the compounds towards the different mosquito species based on their averaged toxicity values. In addition, the toxicity of the triorganotin compounds towards the mosquito larvae was concluded to be dependent on both the compound and the species of mosquito larvae.     

钟萼木种子贮藏与休眠解除技术的研究

通过对新采集的钟萼木种子进行各种处理后进行发芽试验,结果表明,钟萼木种胚、内种皮及胚乳内均含抑制物质且可引起种子休眠,但引起种子休眠的主要原因是种子内缺乏萌发促进物质和酶活性低所致。用ABT生根粉溶液浸种24h或低温(5℃)层积60d,可解除种子休眠,萌发率由28%可提高到80—90%。低温层积后适宜的萌发温度为30℃、25℃和20℃,其次是变量条件(昼30℃,夜20℃),将种子置于聚乙烯薄膜袋内低温(5℃)干藏85d,也可解除休眠,低温干藏85d后再层积20d,解除休眠的效果最佳,如此处理置床后第5d即开始发芽,15d完成萌发过程,萌发率达85%。     

山西三个地区短额负蝗的RAPD分析

采用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术对山西短额负蝗3个种群(繁峙、原平和太原)45个个体进行扩增，10条随机引物扩增共产生了125条带，多态性片段为121条，种间共有片段为5条．Nei’s基因多样性指数对RAPD数据的分析表明：种群间的遗传分化系数为0．2206，22．06％的遗传变异存在于种群间，用NJ法和UPGMA法对这三个种群的Nei’s遗传距离作聚类分析，结果显示：原平种群和繁峙种群遗传分化较小，太原种群与它们的遗传分化较大，由Nei’s遗传一致度和遗传距离可以看出，繁峙种群和原平种群的遗传距离最小为0．0852，它们与太原种群的遗传距离较远，结果表明短额负蝗不同种群的遗传分化程度与遗传距离和地理距离呈正相关。     

初孵扬子鳄胃粘膜表面及胃腺的形态

本文观察发初孵扬子锷胃粘膜表面及胃腺的形态，在扫描电镜下观察到，胃贲门具１１－１３个贲门瓣，贲门区及幽门及粘膜上皮凹稀而浅，胃体冲皮凹陷密而深，排列很规则。     

蛹虫草的研究Ⅳ．蛹虫草与冬虫夏草化学成分比较

人工蛹虫草与野生冬虫夏草的子实体经测定分析，二者都含有蛋白质、糖、脂肪、多种无机元素和维生素、１８种氨基酸、虫草菌素、虫草酸、虫草多糖和ＳＯＤ等化学成分，在含量上基本相似，有些成分含量高于冬虫夏草．蛹虫草可以替代冬虫夏草食用或药用