徐变对钢管混凝土偏心受压构件挠度的影响分析

在分析钢管混凝土偏心受压构件的徐变分析的基础上,进一步考虑徐变对偏心受压构件挠度的影响进行了分析,构造了一个计算在徐变过程中,钢管混凝土偏心受压构件挠度的计算公式.应用这个方法计算受徐变影响的构件挠度,得出了一些有价值的结论.     

Detector comparison for sulfur and chlorine detection with laser induced breakdown spectroscopy in the near-infrared-region

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy has been employed for the investigation of the sulfur and chlorine content of building materials. Both, chloride and sulfate ions are major damaging species affecting the stability and lifetime of a structure. Chlorine and sulfur are mostly detected in the VUV and the NIR. In case of building materials the main elements like calcium or iron have many strong spectral lines over the whole spectral range, so that trace elements can only be detected in spectral windows unaffected from these lines. With regard to a preferably simply, robust against dust and vibrations and portable setup only the NIR spectral features are used for civil engineering applications.

Most detectors, mainly CCD cameras have rapidly decreasing quantum efficiency in the NIR. Also the quantum efficiency of the photocathode of CCD-Detectors with image intensifier is decreasing in the NIR. Different CCD-detectors were tested with respect to high quantum efficiency and high dynamic range, which is necessary for simultaneous detection of weak spectral lines from trace elements and intense spectral lines from main elements.

The measurements are made on reference samples consisting of cement, hydrated cement, cement mortar and concrete with well-defined amounts of the trace elements. Experimental conditions are chosen for an optimum intensity of the trace element spectral lines. The detector systems are compared by limit of detections and the signal to noise ratio.     

Determination of long-lived radionuclides in concrete matrix by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

A laser ablation system using a Nd:YAG laser was coupled both to a quadrupole inductively coupled plasma (ICP) mass spectrometer and to a double-focusing sector field ICP mass spectrometer. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) was applied for the determination of long-lived radionuclides in a concrete matrix. The investigated samples were two laboratory standards with a concrete matrix, which we doped with different long-lived radionuclides (e.g. ⁹⁹Tc, ²³²Th, ²³³U, ²³⁷Np) from the ng g⁻¹ to μ g⁻¹ concentration range and an undoped concrete material (blank). Detection limits for long-lived radionuclides in the 10 ng g⁻¹ range are reached for LA-ICP-MS using the quadrupole mass spectrometer. With double-focusing sector field ICP-MS, the limits of detection are in general one order of magnitude lower and reach the sub ng g⁻¹ range for ²³³U and ²³⁷Np. A comparison of mass spectrometric results with those of neutron activation analysis on undoped concrete sample indicates that a semiquantitative determination of the concentrations of the minor and trace elements in the concrete matrix is possible with LA-ICP-MS without using a standard reference material.     

二次受力下CFS加固混凝土构件的计算方法

碳纤维材料以其高强、轻质、耐腐蚀等优良性能广泛应用于混凝土结构加固领域。为了充分保证建筑结构的安全性，现以某办公楼加固工程为例，阐述了应用碳纤维材料对钢筋混凝土构件进行结构补强加固的设计原理，提出了考虑二次受力时应如何进行加固计算以及应用碳纤维布进行结构加固时应注意的事项等。     

SMu高效减水剂的研制

文章简要介绍了ＳＭｕ高效减水剂的合成试验。该产品在ＳＭ高效减水剂相比，可降低生产成本１０％－２０％，产品性能达到国家标准一级品的标准。     

超大型弧形剪力墙、梁施工设计研究

介绍超大型弧形剪力墙、弧形梁的应力分析,结构设计,精确定位,模板设计,混凝土的浇筑等施工设计技术,确保工程的顺利完工。     

钢纤维-钢骨砼梁柱节点抗震性能的试验研究

通过对两个由钢纤维—钢骨混凝土柱与钢纤维混凝土梁构成的框架节点在低周反复荷载作用下的试验，表明这种组合框架节点具有良好的抗震性能．对于如何更有效的增强节点的抗震性能进行了阐述。     

Diseño automático de tableros óptimos de puentes de carretera de vigas artesa prefabricadas mediante algoritmos meméticos híbridos

This paper deals with the minimum cost automatic design of precast bridge decks made of U-beams and an upper slab. It uses a hybrid memetic algorithm that combines the population search of solutions by genetic algorithms and a search by variable neighborhood. This algorithm is applied to a bridge made of two isostatic U-beams of 20-40 m of span and a width of 12 m. This example has 40 discrete variables. The evaluation module takes into account the service and ultimate limit states usually considered for these structures, i.e. flexure, shear, torsion, cracking, deflections, etc. The use of the memetic algorithm requires its previous calibration. Each of the heuristics is run 12 times, obtaining information about the minimum and average values, as well as the scatter. The parametric study showed a good correlation for the cost, the number of strands and the steel and concrete quantities with the span length. Savings have been found between 8 and 50% compared to other structures really executed. The presented procedure allows the practical application to the real design and its adaptation to the precast process.