A new method for determination of uric acid by the lactic acid-acetone-BrO(3)(-)-Mn(2+)-H(2)SO(4) oscillating reaction using the analyte pulse perturbation technique

A new analytical method for the determination of uric acid (UA) by the perturbation of UA on the Belousov-Zhabotinsky oscillating reaction is proposed. The method is based on the linear relationship between the changes in the oscillating period and the concentration of UA. The calibration curve is linear over the range of 2.0 × 10⁻⁵ to 5.0 × 10⁻⁴ M, with a detecting limit of 3.28 × 10⁻⁶ M. The method features good precision (R.S.D.: 3.59%) and excellent throughput (10 samples h⁻¹). The possible mechanism of the perturbation of UA on the oscillating reaction is discussed.     

Multiple steady states in a CSTR with total condenser: Comparison of equilibrium and nonequilibrium models

Comparison of equilibrium and nonequilibrium models of a CSTR with total condenser focused on the multiple steady states and dynamic behaviour was carried out. The steady-state behaviour of the model system, MTBE synthesis from methanol and isobutene in a reactive distillation column, was studied in terms of the input parameters, i. e. feed flow rate of methanol or butenes, reflux ratio, and mass of catalyst. The dynamic behaviour of the system during the start-up was investigated and perturbations of manipulated variables were found to cause transitions between the parallel steady states. Presented at the 33rd International Conference of the Slovak Society of Chemical Engineering, Tatranské Matliare, 22–26 May 2006.     

利用串/并联神经网络建立化学反应器模型

本文研究使用线性动态神经网络与非线性的静态网络相结合的混合建模方式解决复杂非线性系统的建模问题。使用混合神经网络建模，可以降低单个网络的训练难度，基于此，也可将非线性系统控制策略的求解分解，转换为线性系统的求解。从而改善使用单一神经网络建模存在的精度不高以及训练时间长等不足，也为非线性系统控制策略的求解提供方便。本文以一个典型多变量系统——连续搅拌釜式反应器（CSTR）作为仿真对象，详细研究和实现了两类神经网络串联和并联的混合建模方法，并对结果进行了比较。     

The reactions of perfluorinated α- and β-alkoxyradicals with hydrogen chloride, chlorine and fluorine

The kinetics of the reactions of the macroradicals R_f′OCF₂ (I) and R_f′OCF₂CF₂ (II) with HCl, Cl₂ and F₂ have been studied in the liquid phase, being R_f′ a poly(oxydifluoromethylene-oxytetrafluoroethylene) chain with average molecular weight of about 10⁴ Da. Radical (I) showed a higher reactivity compared to radical (II) with all the three radical transfer agents.In case of HCl the activation energy for the reaction:

     

A novel approach to modelling counter-current chromatography

Literature lists a number of counter-current chromatography (CCC) models that can predict the retention time and to a certain extent the peak width of a solute eluting from a CCC column. The approach described in this paper distinguishes itself from previous reports by relating all model parameters directly to column dimensions and experimental settings. Most importantly, this model can predict a chromatogram from scratch without resorting to traditional calibration using empirical values. The model validation with experimental results obtained across a range of CCC instruments demonstrated that the solute retention time, peak width, and peak resolution could be predicted within reasonable accuracy. Additionally, the effect of several process parameters, such as mobile phase flow rate, rotational speed of the column or β-value, showed that the model is robust and applicable to a wide range of CCC instruments. Overall, this model proved to be a useful tool for parameter estimation and, most significantly, separation optimisation.     

Identifiability of kinetic models of isotope transient tracing in fixed bed plug flow reactors

A novel method is presented to address the identifiability of a class of kinetic models of monoatomic isotope transient tracing in plug flow reactors. It is shown that the identifiability of these models can be addressed solely from a knowledge of the rate functions. Dedicated to Professor Pál Tétényi on the occasion of his 70th birthday     

南水北调东线一期工程水质分析

南水北调东线第一期工程90％的输水河道是利用现有河道．由于现有河道水环境问题突出,调水水质的好坏直接影响水资源的使用价值和沿线地区社会经济的发展,同时也决定调水工程的实际效益．在分析工程影响区域水污染来源及成因、水环境质量等因素的基础上,结合国家东线治污规划,预测调水水质,探讨东线的保护措施．     

ECSTR模型的正不变区域

研究了一个广义的三次的G ray-Scott模型.该模型由一个以周期函数为系数的非线性常微分方程组给出.对该模型一个严格的正不变区域的存在性给出了证明并讨论了这个模型在此区域内的一些线性化性质.     

并行BP网络对CSTR的故障诊断

随着现代工业及科学技术的迅速发展,神经网络特别是BP网络广泛地应用于故障诊断中.作者用并行的BP神经网络来代替单个的BP网络,这样可以提高故障诊断的准确率,尤其是在故障类别很多的情况下.把此方法应用于CSTR中,准确性更高.     

CSTR中H2O2-KSCN-CuSO4非线性反应体系的研究

非统性化学反应现象（包括化学振荡、化学波和化学混饨等）的研究近二十年来进展较快，BZ反应＊、NADH氧化的生化反应＊及卤类化合物主导的其它反应体系［’－’］的混饨、双节律等复杂非线性现象不断被发现并得到不同程度的确证．无卤无机反应体系的复杂非线性现象未见报导，我们选择H202－KSCN－CllS04－N。OH无卤体系K7］进行探索，此反应在连续搅拌反应器（CSTR）和封闭反应器（batch）皆有振荡现象，在体系中加入鲁米诺（11J．－－－－n由产生发光振荡现象问，我们对这个反应体系的进一步研究发现复杂振荡（包括非周期过程）…