Alginate Properties and Heavy Metal Biosorption by Marine Algae

The physical properties of the alginate component in four different brown seaweeds (Sargassumfluitans, Ascophyllum nodosum, Fucus vesiculo-sus, andLaminaria japonica) were characterized using potentiometric titration,¹³C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), chemical analysis, and viscosity measurements. The heavy metal binding capacities of the corresponding seaweeds were directly proportional to their respective total carboxyl group content, and related to the electronegativity of the elements investigated (Ca, Zn, Cd, Cu, and Pb). The uronic acid composition or sequence of the alginate component did not affect the metal uptake properties of the biosorbents studied here. However, the alginate leaching owing to its solubilization by Na ions was observed to decrease with increasing intrinsic viscosity of the extracted alginate, related to its molecular weight, and with increasing apparent acidic dissociation constant, related to the alginate density inside the biomass.     

NAK-12树脂脱除蚕蛹复合氨基酸异味及褐变物质的研究

本文研究了用NAK－12吸附树脂脱除蚕蛹复合氨基酸异味及褐变色素的条件，初步分析了蚕蛹复合氨基酸异味产生的原因，实验结果表明：当流速为3BV／h时，1ml NAK-12吸附树脂能吸附1．75g蚕蛹复合氨基酸中的异味物质；能吸附1．45g蚕蛹复合氨基酸中的褐变物质。甲醇是异味物质和褐变物质的良好洗脱剂，用pH1．0的甲醇以1BV／h流速洗脱，仅用3．5BV的洗脱剂即可完全洗脱异味物质和褐变物质，蚕蛹复合氨基酸异味产生的可能机理是：加热蚕蛹复合氨基酸液时，其苯丙氨酸，蛋氨酸，蛋氨酸，异亮氨酸，亮氨酸，苏氨酸被氧化脱氨，生成挥发性醛，而其褐变则是赖氨酸，精氨酸与还原糖发生Maillard反应生成褐变物质引起的。     

带干扰的复合更新风险模型

在经典风险模型的基础上,把索赔到达过程Nt加以推广为更新过程,且认为有干扰的情况下,设其为布朗运动,得到一个新的风险模型:Rt=u+ct+Wt-∑Nti=1Xi,用马尔可夫骨架过程的理论和方法,求得有限时间t盈余的瞬时分布φ(u,t,a),然后求得时刻t的生存概率Ψ(u,t)满足的关系式。     

关于非平稳过程处理的几个注解

研究了非平稳的含义、非平稳随机过程的等效和幂律过程处理等几个问题．首先，阐述了非平稳存在两种理解，一种是针对确定性过程，另一种针对随机过程，二分别适用于信号处理和随机动力学计算两种情形．其次，证明任何一个非平稳过程都可以用可数个调制非平稳过程来模拟或等效．然后，指出幂律过程为平稳过程，而非献中所声明的非平稳过程．最后，论述了通过理想滤波器概念可以将幂律过程转变为各态历经过程．     

Monitoring of Fe,Mn, Cu,Pb and Cd levels in two brown macroalgae from the Bulgarian Black Sea coast

Heavy metal contents (Fe, Mn, Cu, Pb and Cd) were determined in two brown macroalgal species (Cystoseira crinita and Cystoseira barbata). Samples were collected during six seasons from spring 1996 to summer 2000 from five different sites of the Bulgarian Black Sea coastal zone – Tuzlata, Ravda, Sozopol, Ahtopol and Sinemoretz. The local and seasonal metal distribution and their variations were examined.

The data obtained indicate that the two investigated species demonstrate various degrees of metal accumulation and can be used as indicators for the type and quantity of anthropogenic contamination in marine ecosystems.     

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor curcumin upregulates mitochondrial uncoupling protein1 (UCP1) and mitochondrial function in brown adipocytes,in-silico study and screening natural drug library

Mitochondrial dysfunction has been associated with diverse pathological conditions globally. Specifically, in adipose tissues, mitochondrial dysfunction is the primary cause of obesity and obesity-related illnesses. An existing drugs such as atorvastatin and other lipid-lowering drugs demonstrated adverse effects and initiated other diseases. Thus, we need to explore new methods to prevent and treat obesity. In this study, we used the cell screening method to identify several natural compounds that increase adipocyte UCP1 gene expression. The identified drug Curcumin was evaluated in cell models and the In-silico model. We found curcumin is an active compound of turmeric belonging to Zingiberaceae (ginger family), which activates the Nrf2 mechanism. Curcumin potentially endorses the expression of UCP1 in the brown adipocyte in vitro cellular model. Curcumin plays an important role that modulating mitochondrial function and improving mitochondrial DNA quantification, ATP production, and cell viability. We have established an efficient in vitro cell experiment system to study the metabolic regulation of UCP1. The in-silico model revealed curcumin-UCP1 interaction. Curcumin, via enhancing mitochondrial activity, could be a helpful therapeutic molecule against metabolic disorders or obesity-related diseases. Curcumin will be the subject of more research in both human and murine models, which will provide novel therapeutic pathways for the treatment of metabolic illnesses by modulating the control of mitochondrial function.     

水稻糙米粗蛋白近红外光谱定量分析模型的优化研究

筛选有代表性的191份糙米样品为试材,其中42份来自国家稻种资源库、149份来自水旱稻杂交产生的DH系,蛋白质含量变幅5.90％～14.50％,采用偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立模型,并构造模型的评价参数——目标函数[R/(1+RMSECV)], 同时借助校正集和验证集两个载荷向量得分二维空间投影图,对近红外定量模型进行评价和优化。结果表明: 在5 000～9 000 cm-1范围内,预处理方法为一阶导数,校正模型和外部检验的目标函数值分别为0.701和0.687;两载荷向量得分直观分布图显示样品的聚类结果与目标函数筛选结果一致,也进一步验证了目标函数是模型评价和优化的有效指标。     

甲基异柳磷引起褐稻虱大发生的原因探讨——一、褐稻虱及其天敌对甲基异柳磷敏感性测定

近年来甲基异柳磷大量用于防治稻瘿蚊,各地报道施用甲基异柳磷会引起稻飞虱大量发生.为了探讨甲基异柳磷诱发褐稻虱再增猖獗的原因,本文就甲基异柳磷对褐稻虱及其天敌的杀伤力进行了初步的比较试验,结果表明:甲基异柳磷2000倍液对褐稻虱的防治效果平均只有50%,4000倍以上防治效果都在35%以下.甲基异柳磷2000倍,4000倍液对褐稻虱天敌杀伤力达100%,6000倍液达90%以上.甲基异柳磷对褐稻虱及其天敌的杀伤力差异很大,是值得引起注意.     

久期在债券利率风险度量中的应用及修正

介绍了不可能赎回债券的麦考莱久期；通过分段考虑贴现率，给出了麦考莱久期两种有效修改形式。     

方程U_t=(1/2)△u+b(x)·▽u+g(x)的Cauchy问题的概率数值解法

本文就方程u_1=1/2△u+b(x)·∨u+g(x)的cauchy问题,通过布朗运动的模拟及Monte-carlo方法的运用给出了其概率数值解,并在依概率意义下证明了概率数值解收敛到其概率解。