超声对川黄柏中小檗碱提出率的影响

把超声技术用于从中药川黄柏中提取小檗碱常规的酸性浸泡工艺中,探讨了不同频率超声、提取时间等对小檗碱提出率的影响．实验结果表明,使用２０ｋＨｚ的超声对川黄柏提取３０ｍｉｎ,其小檗碱的提出率比酸性浸泡２４ｈ高２８．３２％,且超声提取工艺简单,省时,节能．     

Identification and analysis of alkaloids in cortex Phellodendron amurense by high‐performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry coupled with photodiode array detection

Alkaloids from Cortex Phellodendron amurense Rupr. were identified to determine the material basis for the bioactivity of this herb. HPLC–ESI‐MS with photodiode array detection coupled to XCharge C₁₈ column was applied to analyze the alkaloids qualitatively and quantitatively. A total of 37 alkaloids were identified and tentatively characterized from the ethanol extract by online ESI‐MSⁿ fragmentation and UV spectral analysis. A total of ten alkaloids, including four novel natural products, were tentatively identified for the first time in P. amurense. The fragmentation pathways for certain compounds were analyzed. The contents of a pair of isomers (columbamine and jatrorrhizine) and four main alkaloids (phellodendrine, magnoflorine, berberine, and palmatine) were simultaneously quantified using the aforementioned method. Results showed that the newly discovered and known components of P. amurense were helpful in determining the material basis for the bioactivity of the herb. The application of the XCharge C₁₈ column is a suitable and practical method for the isolation of alkaloids in plants.     

Microwave Accelerated Extraction and Capillary Electrophoresis Analysis of Berberine from the Cortices of Phellodendron Wilsonii and Phellodendron Amurense

Berberine is one of the most important bioactive compounds used in Chinese herbal drugs to evaluate the quality of the Phellodendron cortex. The cortices of Phellodendron wilsonii and Phellodendron amurense, extracted by using a microwave‐assisted process under a domestic microwave oven in methanol solvent and analyzed by capillary electrophoresis with the buffer solution of 82% 0.1 M aqueous sodium acetate and 18% MeOH (v/v), were demonstrated to be higher in extracting berberine contents and shorter in the process time than those extracted by using a reflux extraction in methanol solvent (for sample B, 2.27 ± 0.08% in 3 min vs. 1.92 ± 0.14% in 5 hrs, respectively). Therefore, the microwave‐assisted process for extraction of berberine is more efficient, rapid and convenient than the reflux extraction and can be used for the extraction of bioactive substances from the crude Chinese drugs.     

紫椴、黄波罗混交造林技术

对20世纪50～90年代在吉林省中东部生态区营造的紫椴、黄波罗混交林进行了调查,结果表明：紫椴与落叶松（红松、班克松）,黄波罗与落叶松（红松、山槐）混交较好.混交方式以4～6行窄带或块状（0.1～0.2 hm2）混交为宜.     

黄波罗育苗及苗期生长特性

通过苗期试验研究,提供了黄波罗播种育苗及出苗期、幼苗期、速生期管理技术,确定当年播种苗留床密度为100～125株/m^2;生长节律观测表明,黄波罗苗期7、8月份高生长占全年高生长量的82.81%;用Logistic曲线对黄波罗生长过程进行拟合,确定出黄波罗苗期生长由逐渐加快到逐渐减慢持续时期平均为11.8周.对黄波罗移...     

黄檗繁殖技术研究进展

黄檗为传统中药关黄檗的基源植物,在自身生物学特性限制、生态环境破坏和大量砍伐的情况下,黄檗野生资源已处于濒危状态,人工繁殖对黄檗资源保护具有重要意义.本文对黄檗的种子繁殖、扦插繁殖、嫁接繁殖、组织培养等繁殖技术的研究进展进行了综述.     

黄檗枝条生物碱含量初步分析

利用岛津20A高效液相色谱仪对黄檗不同枝龄主要生物碱质量分数进行了检测.结果表明:在黄檗木质部和韧皮部内,掌叶防己碱最多,小檗碱较少,药根碱最少;韧皮部中各生物碱质量分数均远高于木质部.药根碱质量分数在黄檗不同枝龄间差异显著.木质部内药根碱质量分数与小檗碱质量分数和黄檗枝龄均呈显著正相关;韧皮部内药根碱质量分数和掌叶防己碱质量分数呈显著正相关,小檗碱质量分数与掌叶防己碱质量分数呈极显著负相关,掌叶防己碱质量分数在木质部和韧皮部间呈显著正相关.     

天南星及炮制品镇痛作用与毒性相关性的实验观察

目的：实验观察天南星及炮制品镇痛与毒性的相关性,寻求镇痛成分提取的可能性。方法：热板法比较镇痛效果,致死时间比较毒性。结果：给药0.5h痛阈提高百分率,生药及民制品均在85％以上,生品1.5h后便有20％死亡,用民制品次日死亡,其它制品痛阈提高百分率在70％以下,3d后死亡。结论：某毒性成分具有镇痛作用,水溶性差,提取可能。     

RRLC测定关黄柏中盐酸小檗碱的含量

采用超声波法提取关黄柏中有效成分盐酸小檗碱,应用正交试验法筛选盐酸小檗碱最佳提取工艺。采用高分离度快速液相色谱(RRLC)测定关黄柏中有效成分盐酸小檗碱的含量。色谱条件为:色谱柱:XDB-C18(4.6mm×50mm,1.8μm);流动相:乙腈-0.3%磷酸缓冲溶液(29∶71);检测波长:266nm;流速:0.7mL/min;柱温:25℃;进样量:2μL。盐酸小檗碱在0.075—0.3μg范围内线性关系良好,r=0.9998,其平均回收率为99.2%,RSD为1.48%。本法操作快速简便、准确可靠,适用于关黄柏中盐酸小檗碱的含量测定。     

天南星中两个多不饱和脂肪酸的含量测定

采用高效液相色谱Agilent Zorbax SB-C-18反相色谱柱(5μm,250 mm×4.6 mm),检测波长210 nm,柱温25℃,进样量20μL,流速1 mL.min-1,流动相0.034%磷酸和乙腈梯度洗脱。确定了天南星中两个脂肪酸的最佳提取方法为氯仿热回流提取2次,2 h/次,该含量测定方法精密度高、便捷、快速,可用于天南星及其制品的质量控制分析。