选择性胼胝体切开治疗难治性癫痫的麻醉

总结了２１例选择性胼胝体切开治疗难治性癫痫的麻醉处理，认为以采用快速诱导静脉复合全麻为好。术中辅助吸入低浓度异氟醚则效果更佳。     

不同麻醉药对大鼠麻醉效果的比较

目的分析比较不同麻醉药对大鼠的麻醉效果。方法将SD、Wistar和Lewis大鼠分为10组,分别用不同麻醉药按不同剂量进行麻醉。结果不同种类的麻醉药对大鼠产生的麻醉效果略有不同。结论结合实验要求选用麻醉药种类与麻醉剂量。     

动物实验中猪的手术操作要点

从动物的选择、术前处理、术中配合、术后护理等几方面对医学动物实验中猪的手术操作要点进行总结。     

Drug-anaesthetic interaction in phMRI: the case of the psychotomimetic agent phencyclidine

Pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging (phMRI) provides a powerful means to map the effects of drugs on brain activity, with important applications in pharmacological research. However, phMRI studies in preclinical species are often conducted under general anaesthesia as a means to avoid head motion and to minimise the stress induced by the procedure. Under these conditions, the phMRI response to the drug of interest may be affected by interactions with the anaesthetic agent, with consequences for the interpretation of the data. Here, we have investigated the phMRI response to phencyclidine (PCP), an NMDA receptor blocker, in the halothane-anaesthetised rat for varying levels of anaesthesia and different PCP challenge doses. PCP induces psychotic-like symptoms in humans and laboratory animals and is widely applied as a pharmacological model of schizophrenia. However, PCP possesses anaesthetic properties per se, and its interactions with halothane might result in significant effects on the phMRI activation patterns. We observed two qualitatively different patterns of phMRI response. At 0.5 mg/kg iv PCP and 0.8% halothane maintenance anaesthesia, the lowest doses explored, an activation of discrete cortico-limbo-thalamic structures was observed, consistent with neuroimaging studies in humans and 2-deoxyglucose functional mapping in conscious animal models. However, higher anaesthetic concentrations or higher PCP challenge doses resulted in complete abolition of the positive response and in a widespread cortical deactivation (negative response). In the intermediate regime, we observed a dichotomic behaviour, with individual subjects showing one pattern or the other. These findings indicate a dose-dependent drug-anaesthetic interaction, with a complete reversal of the effects of PCP at higher challenge doses or HT concentrations.     

一种麻醉方法对实验小型猪的效果观察

目的探讨戊巴比妥钠和地西泮肌肉注射与戊巴比妥钠静脉麻醉对实验小型猪的麻醉效果。方法对16头实验小型猪进行戊巴比妥钠诱导麻醉加地西泮肌肉注射配合戊巴比妥钠静脉滴注麻醉控制效果进行观察并分析。结果成功麻醉16例,占100%。结论采用戊巴比妥钠肌肉注射诱导麻醉配合静脉滴注麻醉效果好,麻醉过程平稳,肌肉松弛效果显著,生命体征稳定,手术后苏醒快。     

三种不同麻醉药对SD大鼠肝移植手术麻醉效果的比较和应用

目的比较氯胺酮、戊巴比妥钠和水合氯醛对SD大鼠的麻醉效果,选择合适的剂量方法用于大鼠肝移植。方法将60只SD大鼠分为3组,每组20只,按常规剂量对3种麻醉药物的效果和对生理指标的影响进行比较。在取得经验后,对102只肝硬化模型SD大鼠,根据动物的肌体状况,降低剂量实施麻醉和肝移植手术。结果使用3种麻药均能使健康大鼠达到麻醉效果,麻醉操作的繁易程度和持续时间及副作用各不相同。在进行肝移植手术时,从戊巴比妥钠腹腔到水合氯醛腹腔麻醉,均使用低剂量或更低剂量,动物苏醒快,效果好。结论在大鼠肝移植等复杂手术过程中选用低剂量麻醉能顺利完成操作,获得良好的康复。     

150例高血压性脑出血患者急诊手术的麻醉处理

目的：提高脑出血患者急诊手术的麻醉技术，减少与麻醉相关的并发症发生．方法：在150例高血压性脑出血患者急诊手术中，采用快速静脉诱导气管内插管，用异丙酚微量泵静注复合全麻；甘露醇等降低颅内压；乌拉地尔控制高血压．结果：150例患者术中术后状态平稳，无麻醉并发症．结论：采用快速静脉诱导气管内插管，用异丙酚微量泵静注复合全麻；甘露醇等降低颅内压；乌拉地尔控制高血压能够较好的满足麻醉要求，提高围手术期安全．     

一种硬膜外麻醉模拟用的数学模型

讨论如何应用随机过程理论和动力学原理，去建立一种硬膜外麻醉模拟用的数学模型。接着介绍该模型离散化，线性化之后，化归为可观控的多变量离散线性时变系统；然后通过二次裣方法解决因离散化，线性化所带来的误差，使得系统解稳定。