德国研制智能保鲜膜

食品保鲜是一门科学，保鲜膜的科技含量正在逐渐提高．目前，德国科研人员在开发不仅能够防污，而且防光线照射和抗氧化功能越来越好的保鲜膜．将来这种保鲜膜有望在发生破损或存储环境温度过高时发出信号．     

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyesters Based on Diethylketone Moiety

A new class of unsaturated polyesters based on diethylketone have been prepared by interfacial polymerization of 2,4-bis（4-hydroxybenzylidene）-3-pentanone（I） and 2,4-bis（4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene）-3-pentanone（II） with 4,4’-azodibenzoyl chloride and 3,3’-azodibenzoyl chloride at ambient temperature. The model compounds were synthesized by reaction of（I） and（II） with benzoyl chloride. The new monomers, model compounds and polyesters have been characterized by different spectral analyses. The polyesters have inherent viscosity of 0.55-0.80 d L/g and moderate number average molecular weight（Mn） in the range of 6150-7400 g/mol. Most of the compounds exhibited their solubility in aprotic solvents while partial solubility in various halogenated organic solvents was observed. The temperatures of 10% weight loss were high（225-330 °C） in nitrogen, indicating that these polyesters have excellent thermal stability. Doping with iodine dramatically raised the conductivity and produced brown colored semiconductive polymers with a maximum conductivity of 2.7 × 10-6 --1cm-1. Moreover, the morphological properties of selected example of polyesters were detected by SEM.     

大体积混凝土温度场与环境温度相关性研究

随着大体积混凝土构件的广泛应用,研究如何使温度效应作用下大体积混凝土满足其强度、刚度、整体性及耐久性要求成为重要议题。本文浅析了温度效应下大体积混凝土裂缝的危害以及产生机理,着重对大体积混凝土温度场与环境温度相关性进行了研究与探讨。     

Effects of Carrier Gas on Carbon Incorporation in GaN

GaN epitaxial layers were grown on Si （111） substrates by metal organic chemical vapor deposition. Carbon concentrations in the films grown in different ambients were measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The results show that the carbon incorporation is strongly dependent on the H2 flow rate when the NH3 flow rate is small, but insensitive to the H2 flow rate when the NH3 flow rate is sufficient large. We conclude that H2 can inhibit the dissociation of NH3 and result in a less active N source; an insufficiently active N source causes more N vacancies, which enhances carbon incorporation.     

Environmental Impacts on Spiking Properties in Hodgkin-Huxley Neuron with Direct Current Stimulus

Based on the well accepted Hodgkin-Huxley neuron model, the neuronal intrinsic excitability is studied when the neuron is subject to varying environmental temperatures, the typical impact for its regulating ways. With computer simulation, it is found that altering environmental temperature can improve or inhibit the neuronal intrinsic excitability so as to influence the neuronal spiking properties. The impacts from environmental factors can be understood that,the neuronal spiking threshold is essentially influenced by the fluctuations in the environment. With the environmental temperature varying, burst spiking is realized for the neuronal membrane voltage because of the environment-dependent spiking threshold. This burst induced by changes in spiking threshold is different from that excited by input currents or other stimulus.     

环境和燃油温度对丁醇／柴油混合燃料喷雾影响的模拟分析

根据喷雾可视化试验的结果,利用 AVL Fire软件建立了正丁醇柴油喷雾的计算模型,并验证了模型的准确性。再利用该模型研究正丁醇柴油混合燃料的喷雾特性,模拟了油束的发展过程,计算了环境和燃油温度对混合燃料喷雾特性的影响。研究结果表明：在背压一定时,随环境温度的升高,油束初始速度增加,喷雾贯穿距增加,锥角减小;索特平均直径（SMD）先减小,在达到一定温度后随温度升高,喷雾初期又有所增大,后期趋于一致;随着燃油温度升高,N25喷雾贯穿距逐渐减小,SMD在喷雾初期随油温增加逐渐减小,随着喷雾的进行逐渐趋于一致。     

低真空管道列车表面压力变化规律研究

既有高速铁路进一步提速受限,构建低真空管道运行超高速列车的发展趋势日益明显.运用滑移网格技术,建立动车组列车和低真空管道的三维耦合模型,考虑管道气体的瞬态压缩效应,分析低真空管道横截面积、动车组列车运行速度、管道环境温度和环境压力对车体表面压力的影响.研究表明,低真空管道横截面积、动车组列车运行速度、管道环境温度和环境...     

气相色谱-质谱联用法研究泡沫塑料中易挥发组分在环境温度下的释放行为

用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)联用技术研究了泡沫塑料中易挥发组分在不同环境温度下的释放行为.试验发现:泡沫塑料在一定温度下可释放出近20种化合物,其中绝大多数是带苯环的有毒有害化合物.温度对泡沫塑料中易挥发组分的逸出有着显著性影响,特别是在60℃以上.释放量随放置时间的增加而缓慢增加,在一定温度下存在着一个平衡.泡沫塑料中易挥发组分的释放量随着塑料用量的增加而增加,而温度是影响释放量的最主要因素.     

不同环境温度下工艺参数对扩散吸收式制冷机的性能影响

外界环境温度对扩散吸收制冷循环有重要影响,以四台相同结构的扩散吸收式制冷机为基础,用实验的手段研究了不同环境温度下,氨水溶液灌装浓度、充注压力、输入功率等工艺参数对扩散吸收式制冷机性能的影响。得出了实验样机在各工况下的最优工艺参数;研究发现随环境温度的升高,样机的最佳灌装浓度下降,而最佳输入功率和最适宜充注压力升高。可为扩散吸收式制冷机根据环境温度选择各工艺参数提供一定的依据。     

组合赋权聚类-双基点模型的井下人体热舒适评价

针对井下人体热舒适性评价不准确、评价指标少等问题,以蒋家河煤矿工作面为例,选取环境温度等13个评价指标,构建井下人体热舒适评价指标模型.采用主客观赋权的方法计算各指标权重,引入拉格朗日函数,优化决策模型,通过欧式距离建立两者联系,确定两种方法偏重系数,计算各指标的理想组合权重,构建组合赋权聚类-双基点综合评价模型,利用...