前言

<正>在我国社会经济进入到新的发展阶段之际,国家提出了转型升级、节能减排、生态文明、美丽中国等中长期规划目标。水体污染控制与治理是我国目前及未来相当长一段时间内环境保护与生态建设的重点任务之一。为了科学和高效     

基于炉灶热量回收的吸热装置设计

设计了一种基于炉灶热量回收的吸热装置。该装置通过将导热性能及焊接性能优良的无氧紫铜管与炉灶支架焊接成一个整体,近距离吸收炉灶火焰四周散失的热量,利用火焰散失的热量给生活用水加热,将生成的热水供日常生活使用;对出水装置进行改良,使其与加热装置形成循环结构,达到对整个系统进行保护的目的。本装置提高了对能源的利用率,减少了能源消耗,达到节能的目的。     

简论本溪市产业结构调整对节能减排工作的战略意义

面临世纪之交,又值制订“十一五”计划,从实施可持续发展战略要求的角度和环境保护尤其是节能减排出发,对本溪市的产业结构调整升级方面提出四点思考和策略。     

污染物总量减排监管机制探讨

论文结合污染物总量减排工作面临的严峻形势，客观地分析了污染源自动在线监控系统的管理现状和存在的问题，系统地阐述了强化自动在线监控系统管理机制的新思路，对总量减排工作的实施和考核有重要指导作用。     

城市碳中和措施的边际减排成本分析——以北京市为例

城市是碳中和的主阵地,随着“双碳”目标的提出,将鼓励更多的减排技术和政策在城市低碳转型中发挥作用.基于此,本研究运用边际减排成本方法,以北京市为例,结合北京市低碳政策推广情况,对具体减排技术的减排潜力和减排成本进行分析,绘制了具有35项减排措施的北京市边际减排成本曲线,识别出有较高经济性的优先减排措施,为北京市实现碳中和目标提供技术措施优先级排序和实施路径建议.研究表明：1)筛选出的电力部门、交通部门、建筑部门减排技术的减排潜力分别为14.96亿、7.66亿、2.55亿t.平均碳边际减排成本为485.12元·t^-1,电力部门、交通部门、建筑部门的平均减排成本为154.56、417.56、688.28元·t^-1;北京市应大力推广电力减排措施,保证北京市碳排放进入快速下降通道;2)在35项减排措施中,11项的减排措施的边际减排成本为负,成本有效的CO2减排潜力为39 967万t,占39.15%;减排初期应大力推广电动出租车、电动公交车和电动轻型货车、照明节能等负成本措施;3)高边际减排成本措施的减排潜力较大,但不具有成本优势,实施难度大,为促进此...     

通过脱碳控制全球平均温度

Establishing a reliable method to predict the global mean temperature (T_e) is of great importance because CO₂ reduction activities require political and global cooperation and significant financial resources. The current climate models all seem to predict that the earth's temperature will continue to increase, mainly based on the assumption that CO₂ emissions cannot be lowered significantly in the foreseeable future. Given the earth's multifactor climate system, attributing atmospheric CO₂ as the only cause for the observed temperature anomaly is most likely an oversimplification; the presence of water (H₂O) in the atmosphere should at least be considered. As such, T_e is determined by atmospheric water content controlled by solar activity, along with anthropogenic CO₂ activities. It is possible that the anthropogenic CO₂ activities can be reduced in the future. Based on temperature measurements and thermodynamic data, a new model for predicting T_e has been developed. Using this model, past, current, and future CO₂ and H₂O data can be analyzed and the associated T_e calculated. This new, esoteric approach is more accurate than various other models, but has not been reported in the open literature. According to this model, by 2050, T_e may increase to 15.5 ℃ under "business-as-usual" emissions. By applying a reasonable green technology activity scenario, T_e may be reduced to approximately 14.2 ℃. To achieve CO₂ reductions, the scenario described herein predicts a CO₂ reduction potential of 513 gigatons in 30 years. This proposed scenario includes various CO₂ reduction activities, carbon capturing technology, mineralization, and bio-char production; the most important CO₂ reductions by 2050 are expected to be achieved mainly in the electricity, agriculture, and transportation sectors. Other more aggressive and plausible drawdown scenarios have been analyzed as well, yielding CO₂ reduction potentials of 1051 and 1747 gigatons, respectively, in 30 years, but they may reduce global food production. It is emphasized that the causes and predictions of the global warming trend should be regarded as open scientific questions because several details concerning the physical processes associated with global warming remain uncertain. For example, the role of solar activities coupled with Milankovitch cycles are not yet fully understood. In addition, other factors, such as ocean CO₂ uptake and volcanic activity, may not be negligible.     

煤气化工艺节能减排技术及应用研究

煤气化工艺节能减排技术具有非常重要的作用,能够进一步提高水的利用率,降低污染物排放量。首先从循环水悬浮物与硫化物的控制两方面阐述了煤气炉洗涤循环水减排技术;然后从吹风气回收装置技术改造、运行中需采取的措施两个方面探讨了吹风气回收节能技术。     

一种CO2的矿化封存新方法

针对目前CO2矿化封存的研究现状,提出了一种新的CO2矿化封存方法:利用CO2和NH3反应生成三聚氰酸固体,并考察了温度、压力、反应物配比及有无催化剂对三聚氰酸收率的影响。当反应条件为在250℃,22MPa,NH3与CO2反应配比为1∶1.4,反应8h时,最高收率可达到68.3%。此项技术能够与现在工业成熟的富氧燃烧技术联用,实现对CO2的永久性封存,具有经济效益。     

电动汽车发展创新与节能减排研究——基于电力能源的视角结合EVA分析评价

站在电力能源供应和节能减排角度,通过对国内外电动汽车发展的对比分析,阐述了我国发展电动汽车的必然性和关键影响因素,提出了我国电动汽车产业的发展必须通过技术创新和促进电动汽车"三位一体"全产业链的形成,发挥政府、企业和消费者的整合优势,在政府引导和政策支持下,发挥社会各方尤其是要发挥电力企业的独特作用,强调企业主管部门利用EVA理念和评价体系进行政策引导、客观评价,使企业的决策更加科学合理,更加注重科技创新和拓展新的发展领域,最终实现电动汽车产业链的协同、健康发展。     

煤矿企业节能减排研究分析

现今,正是我国国民经济突飞猛进的时期,社会水平和经济水平的在飞速发展,人民对于煤炭的需求量也是与日俱增.但是工业、农业以及人口的增长,需要大量的煤炭支撑.对于我国来说,煤炭是主要的能源之一,对我国的现代化建设和可持续发展都有着巨大的作用,根据调查显示,煤炭的消耗占到了总的能源消耗量60％以上,但是纵观现在的煤炭整体利用率,却比总的能源利用率低了将近百分之四,只有不到三成.而且煤矿企业本身的能源消耗以及排放污染,也成为了一个重要问题.该文将就煤矿企业的节能减排展开探讨,并提出相关的意见和建议.