VRPTW的扰动恢复及其TABU SEARCH算法

本文对带时间窗的车辆路线安排扰动恢复问题进行了讨论,分析了各种可能的扰动:增加减少客户,时间窗、客户需求及路线可行性的扰动,构造了扰动模型.利用禁忌搜索算法对问题进行求解,同时通过对模型参数重新设置,得到了多个满足要求的不同的解,这样使解更具有实际可行性和有效性.     

Ultrafast Switchable Passive Radiative Cooling Smart Windows with Synergistic Optical Modulation

Switchable passive radiative cooling (PRC) smart windows can modulate sunlight transmission and spontaneously emit heat to outer space through atmospheric transparent window, presenting great potential in building energy conservation. However, realizing stable and on-demand control of the cooling efficiency for PRC materials is still challenging. Herein, an electro-controlled polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) smart window showing PRC property is designed and prepared by adding mid-infrared emitting reactive monomers into the conventional PDLC matrix. It is found that not only the electro-optical properties but also the PRC efficiency of PRC PDLC film are tunable by regulating the content of the mid-infrared emitting components, film thickness, and micromorphology. This advanced PRC PDLC material achieves a near/sub-ambient temperature when the solar irradiance is below 400 W m⁻² and can dynamically manage daytime cooling efficiency. Importantly, its PRC efficiency is capable of being tuned in an on-demand and ultrafast millisecond-scale way, whose controllable transparency enables multistage heat regulation. This study is hoped to provide new inspiration in the preparation of advanced optical devices and energy-efficient equipment.     

A unified set of proposals for control and design of high speed data networks

In this paper we articulate our philosophy and approach to the design and control of high speed data networks. The object is to put into perspective and to explain the coordination of various isolated pieces of detailed technical analyses that have been reported in several recent papers. In the process we summarize what we have learnt in our recent work and, also, we give indications of the direction of our future work. Our scheme integrates feedback and open loop control. The feedback control is exercised by sliding windows; access controllers regulate bursty sources. All our design proposals are rooted in asymptotic analyses; the justification for asymptotics comes from the largeness of the parameters, such as propagation delay, speed, window size, buffer size, and the number of virtual circuits. This analysis makes a strong case for operating in a specific moderate usage regime, and adaptive dynamic windowing algorithms are given that make this happen; moreover, when in this regime, buffers may be sized aggressively small without jeopardizing performance and the simplicity of the retransmission protocol. The topics in the paper are: model of communication, results on the steady-state behavior of the basic model, access control, small buffers and retransmission protocols, dynamic adaptive windows, bursty sources, and contrast with previous work.I. Mitrani's work was done while AT&T Bell Laboratories.     

Preparation and Characterisation of Nano-Structured WO<Subscript>3</Subscript>-TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Layers for Photoelectrochromic Devices

Nano-structured WO₃-TiO₂ layers were prepared by the sol-gel route. To obtain transparent, porous and crack free layers up to 0.8 μ m with a single dipping cycle a templating strategy was used. As a template three-dimensionally network based on organically modified silane was introduced to the WO₃ and TiO₂ sols. The WO₃ layers were dip-coated onto the conductive glass substrate (TCO) and the TiO₂ layers on the top of the WO₃ layer. The morphology and the structure of the layers were determined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM), Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDXS), Auger and Infrared spectroscopy. SEM image of the WO₃-TiO₂ layer confirmed the nano-porosity of the layers and give the size of the particles of about 10 nm for TiO₂ and 30 nm for WO₃ layer. Further analysis indicated that the titanium sol penetrates the WO₃ layer. Particles in the WO₃ layer consist of a crystalline monoclinic WO₃ core surrounded by a 5–10 nm amorphous phase consisting of WO₃, TiO₂ and SiO₂. The WO₃-TiO₂ layers were used to assemble all solid state photoelectrochromic (PE) devices. Under 1 sun irradiation (1000 W/m²) the visible transmittance of the PE device changes from 62% to 1.6%. The colouring and bleaching processes last about 10 minutes.     

一种适应运动前景的快速行人检测算法

针对智能监控视频中行人的运动特性和基本HOG加SVM人体检测算法的特点,将运动目标检测算法融入基本的HOG加SVM人体检测算法。首先,利用运动目标检测算法确定运动区域矩形窗,并扩大调整矩形窗尺寸获得ROI窗口;然后,根据运动区域尺寸与训练样本尺寸的差距调整ROI窗口的首级窗口缩放因子,并对ROI窗口进行人体检测。实验结果表明,本文算法优于基本的HOG加SVM人体检测算法,具有良好的实时性和适应性。     

多功能窗户控制系统的设计和应用

针对传统窗户缺少智能化功能的缺陷,以STC89C52单片机为控制核心,设计了一种根据环境参量自动开关窗户的多功能窗户控制系统。通过硬件设计及软件编程,可实现定时、光控、防雨、防烟、防盗、遥控等实用功能。在实验室环境下(温度15 ℃,湿度30%),对系统进行模拟测试,实验测试结果表明,设计的系统达到了预期效果。     

Heuristic algorithms for a vehicle routing problem with simultaneous delivery and pickup and time windows in home health care

This paper addresses a vehicle scheduling problem encountered in home health care logistics. It concerns the delivery of drugs and medical devices from the home care company’s pharmacy to patients’ homes, delivery of special drugs from a hospital to patients, pickup of bio samples and unused drugs and medical devices from patients. The problem can be considered as a special vehicle routing problem with simultaneous delivery and pickup and time windows, with four types of demands: delivery from depot to patient, delivery from a hospital to patient, pickup from a patient to depot and pickup from a patient to a medical lab. Each patient is visited by one vehicle and each vehicle visits each node at most once. Patients are associated with time windows and vehicles with capacity. Two mixed-integer programming models are proposed. We then propose a Genetic Algorithm (GA) and a Tabu Search (TS) method. The GA is based on a permutation chromosome, a split procedure and local search. The TS is based on route assignment attributes of patients, an augmented cost function, route re-optimization, and attribute-based aspiration levels. These approaches are tested on test instances derived from existing VRPTW benchmarks.     

太赫兹电磁波大气吸收衰减逐线积分计算

大气对太赫兹辐射传输存在一定的非协作性,即存在吸收衰减。为了实现太赫兹辐射的有效应用必须细致地了解太赫兹辐射大气传输的窗口位置、宽度及大气透过率。选取了处理大气非均匀路径、吸收带重叠等大气辐射传输问题的最精确方法逐线积分法,发展计算程序,并基于HITRAN分子谱线数据,对水汽、氧气、臭氧、氮气、二氧化碳等单组分气体分子对太赫兹辐射传输的吸收衰减情况进行了计算与分析,并给出了在太赫兹电磁波大气传输衰减中占主要因素的水汽和氧气的衰减峰位置。