全文获取类型
收费全文 | 8831篇 |
免费 | 1012篇 |
国内免费 | 276篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 2627篇 |
晶体学 | 38篇 |
力学 | 858篇 |
综合类 | 88篇 |
数学 | 1306篇 |
物理学 | 1530篇 |
无线电 | 3672篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 113篇 |
2022年 | 226篇 |
2021年 | 238篇 |
2020年 | 306篇 |
2019年 | 228篇 |
2018年 | 175篇 |
2017年 | 296篇 |
2016年 | 357篇 |
2015年 | 378篇 |
2014年 | 586篇 |
2013年 | 636篇 |
2012年 | 573篇 |
2011年 | 651篇 |
2010年 | 475篇 |
2009年 | 573篇 |
2008年 | 554篇 |
2007年 | 620篇 |
2006年 | 494篇 |
2005年 | 418篇 |
2004年 | 362篇 |
2003年 | 336篇 |
2002年 | 298篇 |
2001年 | 224篇 |
2000年 | 191篇 |
1999年 | 157篇 |
1998年 | 125篇 |
1997年 | 111篇 |
1996年 | 70篇 |
1995年 | 57篇 |
1994年 | 57篇 |
1993年 | 45篇 |
1992年 | 42篇 |
1991年 | 27篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 20篇 |
1987年 | 11篇 |
1986年 | 3篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 10篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 2篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 3篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1957年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 19 毫秒
1.
研究桉树控制授粉后目标性状的基因作用方式是探索其基因重组规律的重要内容。常规的数量统计分析精度往往不高,而DNA分析的专业要求高,且费时费力。该研究利用近红外光谱(NIRs)研究不同基因型桉树杂交种、亲本及杂交种与亲本间近红外光谱信息的关系,探索NIRs用于桉树杂交种与其亲本判别的可行性和准确性。以控制授粉的桉树亲本及其杂交F1代材料为对象,每种基因型从各自田间试验分别选取10个单株,采集树冠中上部新鲜健康叶片。用手持式近红外仪Phazir Rx(1624)采集桉树杂交种与其亲本叶片的NIRs信息。每单株选10片完全生理成熟的健康叶片,避开叶脉扫描其正面光谱5次,以50条NIRs信息的均值代表单个叶片的NIRs信息,最终每个基因型获得10条NIRs信息。对原始NIRs采用二阶多项式S.G一阶导数预处理。预处理后的NIRs用于多元统计分析,首先对桉树杂交亲本和子代样本进行主成分分析(PCA),直观展示不同基因型的分类情况。然后运用簇类独立软模式(SIMCA)和偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)两种有监督的判别模式验证NIRs用于桉树杂交种与其亲本树种的分类判别效果。PCA结果显示,不同的亲本间、杂交种间及杂交种与亲本间样本的主因子得分可以清晰地将各基因型分开。SIMCA模式判别分析中,桉树杂交种样本到亲本PCA模型的样本距离显示,待判别样本能够形成单独的聚类,且能直观反映两者的遗传相似。PLS-DA判别结果显示,桉树杂交亲本的PLS模型能通过预测其杂交子代的响应变量将其与亲本准确分开。结果表明,桉树叶片的NIRs信息可以准确地反映桉树杂交子代遗传信息的传递规律,NIRs判别模型可以准确地将各种基因型予以区分。因此,NIRs信息不仅可用于桉树杂交种和纯种的定性判别,还可以分析桉树基因重组过程中加性遗传效应的大小,从而为桉树遗传基础分析及其育种改良研究提供理论支撑。 相似文献
2.
Teobald Kupka Małgorzata A. Broda Piotr P. Wieczorek 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2020,58(6):584-593
The biologically active alkaloid muscimol is present in fly agaric mushroom (Amanita muscaria), and its structure and action is related to human neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). The current study reports on determination of muscimol form present in water solution using multinuclear 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments supported by density functional theory molecular modeling. The structures of three forms of free muscimol molecule both in the gas phase and in the presence of water solvent, modeled by polarized continuous model, and nuclear magnetic isotropic shieldings, the corresponding chemical shifts, and indirect spin–spin coupling constants were calculated. Several J-couplings observed in proton and carbon NMR spectra, not available before, are reported. The obtained experimental spectra, supported by theoretical calculations, favor the zwitterion form of muscimol in water. This structure differs from NH isomer, previously determined in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution. In addition, positions of signals C3 and C5 are reversed in both solvents. 相似文献
3.
New thiazole derivatives were synthesized and fully characterized, then coordinated with PtCl4 salt. Also, the newly synthesized Pt(IV) complexes were investigated analytically (elemental and thermogravimetric analyses), spectrally (infrared, UV–visible, mass, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, X‐ray diffraction) as well as theoretically (kinetics, modeling and docking). The data extracted led to the establishment of the best chemical and structural forms. Octahedral geometry was the only formula proposed for all complexes, which is favorable for d6 systems. The molecular ion peaks from mass spectral analysis coincide with all analytical data, confirming the molecular formula proposed. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) allowed discrimination of features between crystalline particles and other amorphous morphology. By applying Gaussian09 as well as HyperChem 8.2 programs, the best structural forms were obtained, as well as computed significant parameters. Computed parameters such as softness, hardness, surface area and reactivity led us towards application in two opposing pathways: tumor inhibition and oxidation activation. The catalytic oxidation for CO was conducted over PtO2, which was yielded from calcination of the most reactive complex. The success of catalytic role for synthesized PtO2 was due to its particulate size and surface morphology, which were estimated from XRD patterns and SEM images, respectively. The antitumor activity was tested versus HCT‐116 and HepG‐2 cell lines. Mild toxicity was recorded for two of the derivatives and their corresponding complexes. This degree of toxicity is more favorable in most cases, due to exclusion of serious side effects, which is coherently attached with known antitumor drugs. 相似文献
4.
文章介绍了新一代IP骨干网上的IP QoS实现技术,论述了集成业务(IntServ)与差分业务(DiffServ)解决方案的特点,详细介绍了相关的队列管理与排队机制。并结合多协议标签交换(MPLS)技术的最新发展,阐述了综合多协议标签交换流量工程与DiffServ技术体系端到端IP QoS的实现。 相似文献
5.
6.
Kicheon Kim 《ETRI Journal》2006,28(1):31-44
In a packet switching network, congestion is unavoidable and affects the quality of real‐time traffic with such problems as delay and packet loss. Packet fair queuing (PFQ) algorithms are well‐known solutions for quality‐of‐service (QoS) guarantee by packet scheduling. Our approach is different from previous algorithms in that it uses hardware time achieved by sampling a counter triggered by a periodic clock signal. This clock signal can be provided to all the modules of a routing system to get synchronization. In this architecture, a variant of the PFQ algorithm, called digitized delay queuing (DDQ), can be distributed on many line interface modules. We derive the delay bounds in a single processor system and in a distributed architecture. The definition of traffic contribution improves the simplicity of the mathematical models. The effect of different time between modules in a distributed architecture is the key idea for understanding the delay behavior of a routing system. The number of bins required for the DDQ algorithm is also derived to make the system configuration clear. The analytical models developed in this paper form the basis of improvement and application to a combined input and output queuing (CIOQ) router architecture for a higher speed QoS network. 相似文献
7.
8.
本比较详细地阐述了SDCCH信道话务量的计算方法及在GSM网络中的配置原则,以便使网络资源达到最佳配置,发挥最大的经济效益。在论述中提出了3种方法:(1)建立SDCCH信道话务模型的方法;(2)评估SDCCH信道话务量的计算方法;(3)选择SDCCH信道最佳配置的方法。这3种方法供大家参考。 相似文献
9.
硅微机械梳齿静电谐振器的建模与分析 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
基于参数化的计算机辅助设计(CAD)软件,对硅微机械梳齿静电谐振器进行了实体建模,以有限元分析软件为工具,进行了谐振器的模态分析,静态分析和谐响应分析,初步揭示了谐振器的静、动态特性,有助于改善设计效率和质量,展示了计算机辅助工程(CAE)技术在微机电系统(MEMS)研究中的重要作用。 相似文献
10.
报导一种模糊逻辑控制系统的建模与优化方法。以此方法设计的模糊逻辑控制器,用于双波长稳频CO2激光器的控制得到令人满意的结果。 相似文献