轮胎的正确使用与安全行车

轮胎是汽车行驶中最重要的组成部分之一,它的材质以及纹面布置等,在一定程度上影响着汽车的抓地力、摩擦力、抗震性以及安全性等。给不同性能的汽车选择合适的轮胎,能够在很大程度上提高汽车的行车质量,增加其安全性能。笔者根据自身对汽车轮胎的研究与认识,就如何正确的使用汽车轮胎,保证汽车行车安全,作出以下的论述。     

汽车轮胎压力感应器产品的可靠性评估

论述了胎压感应器的结构和工作原理,结合胎压感应器的使用环境,分析胎压感应器的使用温度和震动情况。结合汽车电子和半导体行业的相关标准,根据使用情况分析了温度循环、震动对胎压感应器的影响。另外,根据胎压感应器实际运用情况,设计温度循环和震动相关的可靠性试验,以及根据试验结果对胎压感应器进行可靠性评估。胎压监测系统TPMS的可靠性涉及温度循环、温湿度、震动、冲击、加速度等因素,就TPMS最重要的温湿循环因素和震动因素等可靠性问题进行探讨。     

A study on radial directional natural frequency and damping ratio in a vehicle tire

The measurement of radial directional natural frequency and damping ratio in a vehicle tire has been studied. Natural frequencies and damping ratios in the radial direction of various tires, from passenger car tires to truck bus tires, are reported. The radial direction modal parameters of tires subjected to different levels of inflation pressure, have been determined by using a frequency response function method. To obtain the theoretical natural frequency and mode shape, the plane vibration of a tire has been modeled as though it were that of a circular beam. By using the Tielking method that is based on Hamilton’s principle, theoretical results have been determined by considering the rotational velocity, tangential and radial stiffness, radial directional velocity and tension force which is due to tire inflation pressure. The results show that experimental conditions can be considered as the parameters that shift the natural frequency and damping ratio.     

一种轮胎X射线图像缺陷提取和分割方法

针对轮胎X射线图像对比度不高、图像噪声多和存在较大背景起伏的特点,提出一种基于平滑滤波和灰度校正的轮胎X射线图像缺陷提取和分割方法。首先采用平滑滤波的方法,消除带束层帘线影像和图像中的高频噪声;然后依据整幅图像的灰度均值和图像中每个像素的邻域内部灰度均值的比例关系,对像素的灰度进行校正;最后对校正后的图像进行二值化处理,完成对轮胎X图像的分割。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效地实现轮胎X射线图像缺陷的提取和分割。     

汽车轮胎压力监视系统应用研究

高速公路上发生的交通事故多数是由于爆胎引起的,怎样防止爆胎已成为安全驾驶的一个重要课题。目前,汽车轮胎压力监视系统正在成为汽车重要的安全电子产品。本文详细介绍了直接式汽车轮胎压力监视系统的组成,并对Freescale公司的汽车轮胎压力监视系统进行了探讨和研究,最后给出了一个软件解决方案。     

一种非对称大型有限元方程组的有效分块波前解法

提出分块波前法求解非对称大型有限元方程组，该方法综合分块解法和波前法的优点，根据计算机容量和方程的阶数优化计算过程，以在经济效率和存储效率之间达到平衡。本文利用该方法求解了轮胎稳态滚动有限元方程组，表明该方法是有效、可靠的。     

一种变厚度的精化壳体理论及其应用

在Reddy型高阶壳体理论的基础上，采用沿壳体厚度方向的剪切应变呈抛物线分布并且能够满足在壳体的上下表面为零的假设，发展出了一种适合于对变厚度壳体进行非线性分析的方法。该方法利用Ritz原理得到问题的控制方程。通过对一种典型的变厚度壳体结构（子午线轮胎）的结构分析，该方法的计算结果与商用有限元软件的三维分析结果能够很好的吻合。表明了该方法的适用性和有效性。     

Numerical investigation of hydroplaning characteristics of three-dimensional patterned tire

Hydroplaning characteristics of patterned tire on wet road are investigated by making use of finite volume and finite element methods. A detailed 3-D patterned tire model is constructed by our in-house modeling program and the rainwater flow is considered as incompressible and inviscid. Meanwhile, the fluid–structure interaction between the highly complicated tire tread and the rainwater flow is effectively treated by the general coupling method. Through the numerical experiments, the rainwater flow drained through tire grooves, hydrodynamic pressure and contact force are investigated and compared with those of the three-grooved tire model.     

Dynamic load and inflation pressure effects on contact pressures of a forestry forwarder tire

A Trelleborg Twin 421 Mark II 600/55-26.5 steel-reinforced bias-ply forwarder drive tire at inflation pressures of 100 and 240 kPa and dynamic loads of 23.9 and 40 kN was used at 5% travel reduction on a firm clay soil. Effects of dynamic load and inflation pressure on soil–tire contact pressures were determined using six pressure transducers mounted on the tire tread. Three were mounted on the face of a lug and three at corresponding locations on the undertread. Contact angles increased with decreases in inflation pressure and increases in dynamic load. Contact pressures on a lug at the edge of the tire increased as dynamic load increased. Mean and peak pressures on the undertread generally were less than those on a lug. The peak pressures on a lug occurred forward of the axle in nearly all combinations of dynamic load, inflation pressure, and pressure sensor location, and peak pressures on the undertread occurred to the rear of the axle in most of the combinations. Ratios of the peak contact pressure to the inflation pressure ranged from 0 at the edge of the undertread for three combinations of dynamic load and inflation pressure to 8.39 for the pressure sensor on a lug, near the tire centerline, when the tire was underinflated. At constant dynamic load, net traction and tractive efficiency decreased as inflation pressure increased.