潜体在非均质流体中的平衡位置与平衡过程

以探空气球为例,讨论潜体在非均质流体中的平衡位置与平衡过程.     

Surface modification of polyamide 12 angioplasty balloons by photochemical reaction with an aromatic azide

Polyamide 12 (PA12) is used in a variety of applications when low moisture absorption, good dimensional stability, and toughness are required. Polyamide 12 is one of the polymers most frequently employed to fabricate angioplasty balloon catheters; however, its high hydrophobicity and chemical inertness require the application of coatings to make its surface more hydrophilic and biocompatible. In this work, an alternative method, based on the photochemical reaction of PA12 with a hydrophilic aromatic azide, was developed. Static and dynamic contact angle measurements evidenced that the surface modification process was able to improve PA12 wettability and that the effects were retained even after 12 months from surface treatment. Polyamide 12 modification resulted in an increase of its surface free energy, as evaluated by the van Oss, Good, and Chaudhury method. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed the presence of the aromatic azide on PA12 surface. Finally, compliance tests showed that the modification process did not reduce the mechanical performance of balloons.     

平流层通信新思路——谷歌气球计划

平流层通信具有低延迟、信道衰落小、造价低廉、机动灵活等特点,在军事应用和应急通信领域都有重要的战略价值,也曾经引起各国的重视,并成为研究热点。然而平流层通信平台的稳定性对各国研究者而言一直是一个挑战,谷歌公司从鸟群飞行中得到启发,开启了Google Loon项目,其目的是为全球偏远地区2/3人口提供速度较快、价格可承受的互联网接入服务,同时为自然灾害发生地区提供通信服务。文中分析了谷歌气球的技术细节,谷歌气球初次试验的情况,以及谷歌气球面临的挑战。谷歌气球计划为平流层通信提供了又一新思路。     

系留气球差压数据的三余度设计

鉴于气囊差压数据对系留气球压力调节的至关重要性,提出了一种差压数据的余度设计方法。在分析差压传感器组成特点的基础上,采用硬件双余度差压传感器配置实现了气囊差压数据的三余度设计,并给出了基于互比监控的故障判定逻辑和故障处置方法,以较低的成本大幅提高了系留气球差压测量的容错能力。     

Micro-CT参数对骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折术后复发的预测价值

本研究探讨Micro-CT参数对骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)患者术后复发的预测价值。选取OVCF患者127例,根据术后6个月骨折复发情况分为复发组(n=41)与未复发组(n=86)。患者均接受Micro-CT检查,对比两组Micro-CT参数,即骨体积分数(BV/TV)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)、骨小梁间隙(Tb.Sp)、结构模型指数(SMI),以及骨密度(BMD)、骨矿含量(BMC),分析各参数与BMD、BMC及术后复发相关性,并评价各参数对术后复发的预测价值。结果显示,复发组骨体积分数(BV/TV)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)低于未复发组,骨小梁间隙(Tb.Sp)、结构模型指数(SMI)高于未复发组(P<0.05);BV/TV、Tb.Th与骨密度(BMD)、骨矿含量(BMC)呈正相关,Tb.Sp、SMI与BMD、BMC呈负相关(P<0.05);将年龄、BMD、BMC等其他因素控制后,BV/TV、Tb.Sp、Tb.Th、SMI与OVCF术后骨折复发显著相关(P<0.05);BV/TV、Tb.Sp、Tb.Th、SMI联合预测OVCF术后骨折复发的曲线下面积(AUC)最大,为0.888(P<0.05)。提示Micro-CT参数在OVCF患者中呈异常表达,采用Micro-CT检查可为临床预测OVCF术后骨折复发提供科学指导。     

空间球形目标大小对其热效应的影响

针对一种重要对抗措施——核弹头的反模拟气球诱饵,提出了一些有益于突防的具体措施。通过热网络数学模型及差分法,分别对不同大小空间球形目标的白天和夜间表面温度场分布进行了计算。结果表明,为了使诱饵在白天和夜间都能使用,在设计时采用一组不同大小的诱饵,使其表面温度分布在含弹头气球表面温度的附近两侧。这样既可破坏美国导弹防御系统（National Missile Defense, NMD）基于大小识别目标的能力,又可增加对方识别目标的复杂性。     

Optimal Control of a Tethered Subsatellite of Three Degrees of Freedom

The paper presents the optimal control of the deployment and retrieval processes of a tethered subsatellite system of three degrees of freedom, which takes not only the in-plane motion, but also the out-of-plane motions, into account. After the statement of the optimal control problem of the tethered subsatellite system based on the dynamic equation of the system, with the control cost and the state constraints included, the paper introduces the quasilinearization and the truncated Chebyshev series to approximate the state variables of the system such that the original problem of constrained nonlinear optimal control is simplified into a set of linear quadratic programming problems which can be easily solved. The case studies in the paper not only support the new method, but also show that the controlled trajectories of the deployment process and the retrieval process are geometrically symmetric to each other with respect to the local vertical axis, and that the subsatellite always undergoes a slow, damped oscillation when it is in the beginning of a deployment process or at the end of a retrieval process.     

大破断力系留接头连接技术的探讨

通过对系留气球主缆绳与系留接头连接技术的系统研究和分析,提出了大破断力系留接头连接方式的设计依据,突破了传统系留接头的制造技术瓶颈。针对传统楔形夹紧连接技术的缺点,设计了采用环氧树脂胶粘接纤维制作的系留接头,其破断力300kN,具有高可靠性和较强工程应用性。     

RCS测量雷达标定过程中的误差分析

在利用RCS(雷达散射截面)测量雷达对目标进行RCS测量中，为了能得到准确的RCS值，首先必须进行标定。天馈系统的标定可利用气球放飞的定标球，接收机的标定可利用标准信号源。由于标定中实施条件、使用仪器及方法的不理想。会对标定结果造成误差，气球的RCS、定标球的加工误差、雷达对定标球的对准精度是对标定结果有较大影响的一些误差源。     

基于红外传感器的环锭纺断纱在线检测装置

为了解决环锭纺纱在纺纱过程中细纱断头难以及时发现的问题,提高纺织企业的生产效能,设计了基于红外传感器的环锭纺断纱在线检测装置,装置包括红外传感器、双运算放大器和单片机控制模块。在环锭细纱机上试纺18.2 tex棉纱,利用环锭纺断纱检测装置对纺纱过程中的细纱气圈信号进行在线检测。实验结果表明,装置将细纱气圈信号转换成电信号,再经过单片机控制模块处理判断,准确实现了细纱断纱在线检测。为了验证装置对棉纱的品种适应性,对5.8 tex、9.7 tex、18.2 tex三种纱支的棉纱进行检测。结果表明,装置能够实现对市场上大部分棉纱的断纱在线检测。