全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6187篇 |
免费 | 624篇 |
国内免费 | 316篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1923篇 |
晶体学 | 5篇 |
力学 | 208篇 |
综合类 | 133篇 |
数学 | 1286篇 |
物理学 | 930篇 |
无线电 | 2642篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 29篇 |
2023年 | 77篇 |
2022年 | 231篇 |
2021年 | 213篇 |
2020年 | 234篇 |
2019年 | 161篇 |
2018年 | 161篇 |
2017年 | 270篇 |
2016年 | 322篇 |
2015年 | 252篇 |
2014年 | 473篇 |
2013年 | 465篇 |
2012年 | 479篇 |
2011年 | 439篇 |
2010年 | 339篇 |
2009年 | 326篇 |
2008年 | 348篇 |
2007年 | 365篇 |
2006年 | 352篇 |
2005年 | 297篇 |
2004年 | 243篇 |
2003年 | 157篇 |
2002年 | 136篇 |
2001年 | 107篇 |
2000年 | 91篇 |
1999年 | 82篇 |
1998年 | 82篇 |
1997年 | 51篇 |
1996年 | 46篇 |
1995年 | 52篇 |
1994年 | 45篇 |
1993年 | 28篇 |
1992年 | 20篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 19篇 |
1989年 | 11篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 13篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1982年 | 7篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1959年 | 1篇 |
1957年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有7127条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Pu Duan Bo Zhi Luke Coburn Christy L. Haynes Klaus Schmidt-Rohr 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2020,58(11):1130-1138
The composition of fluorescent polymer nanoparticles, commonly referred to as carbon dots, synthesized by microwave-assisted reaction of citric acid and ethylenediamine was investigated by 13C, 13C{1H}, 1H─13C, 13C{14N}, and 15N solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments. 13C NMR with spectral editing provided no evidence for significant condensed aromatic or diamondoid carbon phases. 15N NMR showed that the nanoparticle matrix has been polymerized by amide and some imide formation. Five small, resolved 13C NMR peaks, including an unusual ═CH signal at 84 ppm (1H chemical shift of 5.8 ppm) and ═CN2 at 155 ppm, and two distinctive 15N NMR resonances near 80 and 160 ppm proved the presence of 5-oxo-1,2,3,5-tetrahydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-7-carboxylic acid (IPCA) or its derivatives. This molecular fluorophore with conjugated double bonds, formed by a double cyclization reaction of citric acid and ethylenediamine as first shown by Y. Song, B. Yang, and coworkers in 2015, accounts for the fluorescence of the carbon dots. Cross-peaks in a 1H─13C HETCOR spectrum with brief 1H spin diffusion proved that IPCA is finely dispersed in the polyamide matrix. From quantitative 13C and 15N NMR spectra, a high concentration (18 ± 2 wt%) of IPCA in the carbon dots was determined. A pronounced gradient in 13C chemical-shift perturbations and peak widths, with the broadest lines near the COO group of IPCA, indicated at least partial transformation of the carboxylic acid of IPCA by amide or ester formation. 相似文献
2.
《Journal of separation science》2018,41(10):2288-2295
New psychoactive substances represent serious social and health problem as tens of new compounds are detected in Europe annually. They often show structural proximity or even isomerism, which complicates their analysis. Two methods based on ultra high performance supercritical fluid chromatography and ultra high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection were validated and compared. A simple dilute‐filter‐and‐shoot protocol utilizing propan‐2‐ol or methanol for supercritical fluid or liquid chromatography, respectively, was proposed to detect and quantify 15 cathinones and phenethylamines in human urine. Both methods offered fast separation (<3 min) and short total analysis time. Precision was well <15% with a few exceptions in liquid chromatography. Limits of detection in urine ranged from 0.01 to 2.3 ng/mL, except for cathinone (5 ng/mL) in supercritical fluid chromatography. Nevertheless, this technique distinguished all analytes including four pairs of isomers, while liquid chromatography was unable to resolve fluoromethcathinone regioisomers. Concerning matrix effects and recoveries, supercritical fluid chromatography produced more uniform results for different compounds and at different concentration levels. This work demonstrates the performance and reliability of supercritical fluid chromatography and corroborates its applicability as an alternative tool for analysis of new psychoactive substances in biological matrixes. 相似文献
3.
Real-time multimedia applications have to use forward error correction (FEC) anderror concealment techniques to cope with
losses in today’s best-effort Internet. The efficiency of these solutions is known however to depend on the correlation between
losses in the media stream. In this paper we investigate how the packet size distribution affects the packet loss process,
that is, the distribution of the number of lost packets in a block, the related FEC performance and the average loss run length.
We present mathematical models for the loss process of the MMPP+M/D/1/K and the MMPP+M/M/1/K queues; we validate the models
via simulations, and compare the results to simulation results with an MPEG-4 coded video trace. We conclude that the deterministic
packet size distribution (PSD) not only results in lower stationary loss probability than the exponential one, but also gives
a less correlated loss process, both at a particular average link load and at a particular stationary loss probability as
seen by the media stream.Our results show that for applications that can only measure the packet loss probability, the effects
of the PSD on FEC performance are higher in access networks, where a single multimedia stream might affect the multiplexing
behavior. Our results show that the effects of the PSD on FEC performance are higher in access networks, where a single multimedia
stream might affect the multiplexing behavior and thus can improve the queuing performance by decreasing the variance of its
PSD. 相似文献
4.
5.
随着印制电路板产业飞速发展,其引发的环境问题日益受到广泛的关注。然而长期以来如何有效地进行环境冲击评估是业内研究的重点和难点。而本文采用了一种智能的简化分析方法来进行全面的环境冲击评估,以提高评估的经济效益和准确度,并希望能为决策者提供一个可供参考的环境冲击评估的理念和方法。 相似文献
6.
7.
根据生产任务选择加工设备进行制造资源重组是实现可重构制造系统的关键问题之一,由于设备的选择涉及到多种因素,既有定量指标,又有定性指标,传统的依靠人工经验的方法显得力不从心。本文首先结合实际情况,提出了一套设备选择评价体系,通过对模糊判断矩阵采用最小对数二乘法确定各评价因素的权重系数,针对定性指标和定量指标采用不同的方法确定其性能指标值,通过模糊积分对评判指标进行综合评判,最后进行了实例研究。所提出的方法有效地简化了决策过程,为可重构制造系统设备选择提供了一套行之有效的方法。 相似文献
8.
9.
10.