Artificial boundary conditions for Petrovsky systems of second order in exterior domains and in other domains of conical type

The approximation of solutions to boundary value problems on unbounded domains by those on bounded domains is one of the main applications for artificial boundary conditions. Based on asymptotic analysis, here a new method is presented to construct local artificial boundary conditions for a very general class of elliptic problems where the main asymptotic term is not known explicitly. Existence and uniqueness of approximating solutions are proved together with asymptotically precise error estimates. One class of important examples includes boundary value problems for anisotropic elasticity and piezoelectricity. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

压电复合材料PT－P（VDF／TeFE）的静水压压电性

用热轧辊机制备了压电复合材料ＰＴ－Ｐ（ＶＤＦ／ＴｅＦＥ），并利用ＬＣＲ电桥和Ｂｅｒｌｉｎｃｏｕｒｔ电路分别测量了其介电常数和压电常数，实验结果表明它具有良好的静水压压电特性。最后讨论了该复合材料在水听器中的应用     

Field-Induced Multiscale Polarization Configuration Transitions of Mesentropic Lead-Free Piezoceramics Achieving Giant Energy Harvesting Performance

The development of high-performance (K,Na)NbO₃ (KNN)-based lead-free piezoceramics for next-generation electronic devices is crucial for achieving environmentally sustainable society. However, despite recent improvements in piezoelectric coefficients, correlating their properties to underlying multiscale structures remains a key issue for high-performance KNN-based ceramics with complex phase boundaries. Here, this study proposes a medium-entropy strategy to design “local polymorphic distortion” in conjunction with the construction of uniformly oversize grains in the newly developed KNN solid-solution, resulting in a novel large-size hierarchical domain architecture (≈0.7 µm wide). Such a structure not only facilitates polarization rotation but also ensures a large residual polarization, which significantly improves the piezoelectricity (≈3.2 times) and obtains a giant energy harvesting performance (W_out = 2.44 mW, P_D = 35.32 µW mm⁻³, outperforming most lead-free piezoceramics). This study confirms the coexistence of multiphase through the atomic-resolution polarization features and analyzes the domain/phase transition mechanisms using in situ electric field structural characterizations, revealing that the electric field induces highly effective multiscale polarization configuration transitions based on T–O–R sequential phase transitions. This study demonstrates a new strategy for designing high-performance piezoceramics and facilitates the development of lead-free piezoceramic materials in energy harvesting applications.     

聚偏氟乙烯共混体系的压电性及其分子运动——Ⅱ.PVDF与 P(VDF-HFE)以及PVDF与P(VDF-TFE)的共混体系

本文研究了 PVDF-P(VDF-HFE)以及 PVDF-P(VDF-TFE)共混体系的压电、介电、力学松弛谱。其松弛转变过程基本与 PVDF 的相似。α,β,γ压电松弛峰分别位于40～120℃,-40℃,-85℃附近。实验结果表明后一体系的压电性大于前一体系的。同时,PVDF-P(VDF-TFE)的压电性也大于PVDF-PMMA 共混体系的。选择第二组分时,以介电常数高,模量小而本身又具有压电性的,更有助于共混薄膜压电性的提高。在同样的极化条件下,经拉伸的 P(VDF-TFE)薄膜,其压电性大于未经拉伸的薄膜,这表明分子的取向对薄膜的压电性也有影响。TSC 表明,42℃的松弛峰与晶区表面捕获的空间电荷有关,对压电性也有一定的贡献。     

高灵敏度Si基纤毛式MEMS湍流传感器

为了满足湍流探测高灵敏度、高分辨率的要求,提出了一种新型纤毛微电子机械系统(MEMS)湍流传感器。基于MEMS技术制作了硅十字梁敏感受力结构,通过橡胶探头的受力振动传递水中的湍流信号,凭借传感器头部的导流罩来保证传感器的高分辨率探测。对MEMS湍流传感器进行理论和仿真分析,其一阶共振频率达到481.04 Hz。经过海洋环境模拟机测试实验,结果显示其在50 MPa压力下保持了完好的结构和良好的性能,验证了其水下的可靠性。在湍流实验平台进行测试,通过比较标定法得出其灵敏度为1.92×10^-4 V·m·s^2/kg,满足海洋湍流测试要求。     

Effects of mechanical loadings on the performance of a piezoelectric hetero-junction

A fully-coupled model for a piezoelectric hetero-junction subjected to a pair of stresses is proposed by discarding the depletion layer approximation. The effect of mechanical loadings on PN junction performance is discussed in detail. Numerical examples are carried out for a p-Si/ZnO-n hetero-junction under a pair of stresses acting on the ntype ZnO portion near the PN interface, where ZnO has the piezoelectric property while Si is not. It is found that the bottom of conduction band is lowered/raised near the two loading points due to the decrease/increase in the electron potential energy there induced by a tensile-stress mode via sucking in majority-carriers from two outside regions, which implies appearance of a potential barrier and a potential well near two loading points. Furthermore, the barrier height and well depth gradually become large with increasing tensile stress such that more and more electrons/holes are inhaled in loading region from the n-/p-zone, respectively. Conversely, rising/dropping of conduction band bottom is brought out near the two loading points by a compressive-stress mode due to the increase/decrease in the potential energy of electrons by pumping out the majority-carriers from the loading region to the two outside regions. Therefore, a potential well and a potential barrier are induced near the two loading points, such that more and more electrons/holes are driven away from the loading region to the n-zone/p-zone, respectively, with the increasing compressive stress. These effects are important to tune the carrier recombination rate near the PN interface. Thus, the present study possesses great referential significance to piezotronic devices.     

基于Ansys的0-3型压电振子的有限元分析

0-3型压电复合材料以其柔软性,易加工成型和制备工艺简单等优点,具有广泛的应用前景.该文利用0-3型压电复合材料作为压电悬臂梁压电振子的压电体,利用Ansys软件对振子做有限元分析,包括静态和模态分析,得出压电振子各参数对其发电能力及谐振频率的影响:振子发电能力与外力及振子的长度成正比,与振子宽度成反比,存在最佳长度比和厚度比;振子的固有频率与长度及质量块的质量成反比,宽度对固有频率的影响较小.这些数据为压电悬臂梁的结构参数提供设计依据.     

0-3型压电复合材料的声学性能研究

以锆钛酸铅(PZT)压电陶瓷微粉为填料，按一定的体积分数与PVC复合制得压电复合材料，经直流高压油浴处理后，用四传感器驻波管测量复合材料的声学性能。测试结果表明，在声频125-1600Hz的范围内，极化后的吸声性能增加，而隔声量在低频增加，在中高频(500Hz以上)降低。     

极化电压对聚丙烯压电驻极体膜压电性能的影响

压电驻极体是具有压电效应的微孔结构空间电荷驻极体材料,其压电性能与材料的微结构和空间电荷密切相关.本文首先利用压缩气体膨化工艺对聚丙烯(PP)的微结构进行改性,然后利用接触极化方法,研究了极化电压与PP膜空间电荷密度之间的关系,及其对压电性能的影响.结果表明对于极化前厚度为100μm的PP膜,其内部建立有序空间电荷分布的阈值极化电压为2 kV;一旦有序空间电荷建立起来,PP膜即具有压电效应.随着极化电压的提高,PP膜的空间电荷密度逐步增大,压电效应显著增强.当峰值电压为8 kV时,PP膜电极上的电荷密度、准静态压电系数和品质因数FOMv(d33·g33)分别为0.56 mC/m2,379 pC/N和8.6(GPa)-1.PP压电驻极体膜的FOMv比聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)铁电聚合物膜高2个量级以上,且声阻抗非常低(～0.025 MRayl),因此该压电膜在超声波发射-接收系统或脉冲-回波系统中具有明显的优势.