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Nanostructure of solar cell materials is often essential for the device performance. V2O5 nanobelt structure is synthesized with a solution process and further used as an anode buffer layer in polymer solar cells, resulting insignificantly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE of 2.71%) much higher than that of devices without the buffer layer (PCE of 0.14%) or with V2O5 powder as the buffer layer (1.08%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the V2O5 nanobelt structure has better phase separation while providing higher surface area for the P3HT:PCBM active layer to enhance photocurrent. The measured impedance spectrums show that the V2O5 nanobelt structure has faster charge transport than the powder material. This work clearly demonstrates that V2O5 nanobelt has great potential as a substitute of the conventionally used PEDOT-PSS buffer layer for high performance devices. 相似文献
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Vladan Mlinar 《Annalen der Physik》2015,527(3-4):187-204
In the light of recent developments in computer technology, a promising and efficient way to design a material with a desired property would be to solve the inverse problem: use a physical property to predict structure. Here, we discuss the basic idea and mathematical foundation of the inverse approach, and proposed strategies for its utilization in the design of materials over nano‐ to macro‐scales. At the nano‐scale, analyzed strategies include scanning of a high‐dimensional space of chemical compounds for those compounds that have a targeted property, and identification of correlations in large databases of materials. However, unlike utilization of inverse approach at nano‐scale where full structural information ‐ atoms and their positions‐ is linked to targeted properties, at the meso‐ and macro‐scale, only partial structural information, manifested via structural motifs or representative volume elements, is available. We discuss the role of partial structural information in the inverse approach to the design of materials at those scales. Risks and limitations of the inverse approach are analyzed and dependence of the approach on factors such as structure parametrization, approximations in theoretical models, and feedback from structural characterization, is addressed.
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Haifeng Chen Xiaocong Han Chenlu Wu Zhanhang Liu Shaoqing Wang Xiangtai Liu Qin Lu Yifan Jia Zhan Wang Yunhe Guan Lijun Li Yue Hao 《半导体学报》2024,45(5):052502-1-052502-9
High quality β-Ga2O3 single crystal nanobelts with length of 2−3 mm and width from tens of microns to 132 μm were synthesized by carbothermal reduction method. Based on the grown nanobelt with the length of 600 μm, the dual-Schottky-junctions coupling device (DSCD) was fabricated. Due to the electrically floating Ga2O3 nanobelt region coupling with the double Schottky-junctions, the current IS2 increases firstly and rapidly reaches into saturation as increase the voltage VS2. The saturation current is about 10 pA, which is two orders of magnitude lower than that of a single Schottky-junction. In the case of solar-blind ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation, the photogenerated electrons further aggravate the coupling physical mechanism in device. IS2 increases as the intensity of UV light increases. Under the UV light of 1820 μW/cm2, IS2 quickly enters the saturation state. At VS2 = 10 V, photo-to-dark current ratio (PDCR) of the device reaches more than 104, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) is 1.6 × 103%, and the detectivity (D*) is 7.5 × 1012 Jones. In addition, the device has a very short rise and decay times of 25−54 ms under different positive and negative bias. DSCD shows unique electrical and optical control characteristics, which will open a new way for the application of nanobelt-based devices. 相似文献
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使用Ce(NO3)3·6H2O为前驱物,采用水热合成法和溶胶凝胶法分别制备了不同形貌的CeO2纳米晶体(纳米带和球形颗粒).通过XRD、SEM和TEM技术表征了材料的相成分、微结构和形貌.将样品制备成湿度传感器后对传感器性能进行了测试,结果表明:具有纳米带形貌的样品所制备的传感器展示了良好的传感性能,其响应-回复时间分别为7 s 和7 s(在15;~95;湿度范围内),最大迟滞为4;,这些性能都要好于球形颗粒所制备的样品.其主要原因是纳米带样品具有较大的比表面积. 相似文献
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Single-crystal mullite nanobelts were prepared by a simple sol-gel method using WO3 as additive, and nanobelts were straight and uniform with width of 200 nm and length of 3~4 μm. The as-prepared products were characterized with XRD, SEM and TEM and the nanobelt formation mechanism was also discussed. The interphase of aluminium tungstate acted as seed crystals or epitaxial templates during the formation of nanobelts. The further experiments showed that there was a strong correlation between the formation of nanobelts and the presence of WO3. 相似文献
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Xiaofei Yang Heyi Ding Du Zhang Xuehua Yan Chunyu Lu Jieling Qin Rongxian Zhang Hua Tang Haojie Song 《Crystal Research and Technology》2011,46(11):1195-1201
A composite of graphene sheets decorated with molybdenum trioxide (MoO3) nanobelts has been fabricated via a facile and efficient hydrothermal route in the presence of NaCl. The structure, morphology of these promising composites were investigated by means of field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric (TG) analysis. FESEM and TEM studies suggest the presence of uniform crystalline MoO3 nanobelts and graphene sheets in as‐prepared hybrid materials. XRD and Raman results confirm the reduction of graphite oxide (GO) sheets to graphene sheets accompanying by the formation of MoO3 nanobelts. Moreover, thermal properties of GO and MoO3 nanobelt‐graphene composites reveal that thermal stability of the obtained MoO3 nanobelt‐graphene composites is obviously higher than that of GO due to the transformation of GO sheets to highly stable graphene sheets in the hybrids. This work could provide new insights into the fabrication of high quality MoO3‐graphene hybrid nanomaterials and facilitate their potential applications in different fields. (© 2011 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
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由钛酸盐纳米带水热制备锐钛矿型TiO2纳米带 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了水热处理具有层状结构的钛酸钠纳米带或钛酸纳米带转化为锐钛矿型TiO2的制备过程、难易程度和相转化机理. 实验结果表明, 当水热反应温度和时间分别在160 ℃ 和24 h以内, 钛酸钠纳米带很难完全转化为锐钛矿型TiO2, 若升高反应温度并延长反应时间, 则可制得纯的锐钛矿型TiO2, 但纳米带形貌被严重破坏; 当水热反应温度和时间分别为160 ℃ 和16 h时, 1次酸洗的钛酸纳米带能够完全转化为锐钛矿型TiO2, 若钛酸纳米带经过3次强酸浸泡, 则在160 ℃下相转化时间就会缩短到12 h, 所有钛酸纳米带在转化为TiO2后的形貌仍为纳米带, 但经3次酸浸后生成的TiO2纳米带表面更光滑. 讨论了钛酸钠纳米带或钛酸纳米带转化为锐钛矿型TiO2的相转化机理. 相似文献
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Scale‐Up Biomass Pathway to Cobalt Single‐Site Catalysts Anchored on N‐Doped Porous Carbon Nanobelt with Ultrahigh Surface Area 下载免费PDF全文
Youqi Zhu Wenming Sun Wenxing Chen Tai Cao Yu Xiong Jun Luo Juncai Dong Lirong Zheng Jian Zhang Xiaolu Wang Chen Chen Qing Peng Dingsheng Wang Yadong Li 《Advanced functional materials》2018,28(37)
Porous Co? N? C catalysts with ultrahigh surface area are highly required for catalytic reactions. Here, a scale‐up method to synthesize gram‐quantities of isolated Co single‐site catalysts anchored on N‐doped porous carbon nanobelt (Co‐ISA/CNB) by pyrolysis of biomass‐derived chitosan is reported. The usage of ZnCl2 and CoCl2 salts as effective activation–graphitization agents can introduce a porous belt‐like nanostructure with ultrahigh specific surface area (2513 m2 g?1) and high graphitization degree. Spherical aberration correction electron microscopy and X‐ray absorption fine structure analysis reveal that Co species are present as isolated single sites and stabilized by nitrogen in CoN4 structure. All these characters make Co‐ISA/CNB an efficient catalyst for selective oxidation of aromatic alkanes at room temperature. For oxidation of ethylbenzene, the Co‐ISA/CNB catalysts yield a conversion up to 98% with 99% selectivity, while Co nanoparticles are inert. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the generated Co?O centers on isolated Co single sites are responsible for the excellent catalytic efficiency. 相似文献