Nanostructure of solar cell materials is often essential for the device performance. V2O5 nanobelt structure is synthesized with a solution process and further used as an anode buffer layer in polymer solar cells, resulting insignificantly improved power conversion efficiency (PCE of 2.71%) much higher than that of devices without the buffer layer (PCE of 0.14%) or with V2O5 powder as the buffer layer (1.08%). X-ray diffraction (XRD) results indicate that the V2O5 nanobelt structure has better phase separation while providing higher surface area for the P3HT:PCBM active layer to enhance photocurrent. The measured impedance spectrums show that the V2O5 nanobelt structure has faster charge transport than the powder material. This work clearly demonstrates that V2O5 nanobelt has great potential as a substitute of the conventionally used PEDOT-PSS buffer layer for high performance devices. 相似文献
Carbon nanobelts (CNBs) with aesthetically appealing molecular structures and outstanding physical properties have attracted more and more attentions from the scientific community due to their potential applications in synthetic materials, host-guest chemistry, optoelectronics, and so on. The synthesis of CNBs at different stages was overviewed and some representative breakthroughs and advances in synthetic strategies were highlighted and discussed. The key issue for the synthesis of CNBs is how to construct curved structures with high strain energy. We not only proposed a few unconventional CNBs as the promising target molecules, but also pointed out the bottom-up synthesis of conjugated tubular segments of carbon nanotubes sharing similar properties as carbon nanotubes is the next focus in this emerging area. 相似文献
High quality β-Ga2O3 single crystal nanobelts with length of 2−3 mm and width from tens of microns to 132 μm were synthesized by carbothermal reduction method. Based on the grown nanobelt with the length of 600 μm, the dual-Schottky-junctions coupling device (DSCD) was fabricated. Due to the electrically floating Ga2O3 nanobelt region coupling with the double Schottky-junctions, the current IS2 increases firstly and rapidly reaches into saturation as increase the voltage VS2. The saturation current is about 10 pA, which is two orders of magnitude lower than that of a single Schottky-junction. In the case of solar-blind ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation, the photogenerated electrons further aggravate the coupling physical mechanism in device. IS2 increases as the intensity of UV light increases. Under the UV light of 1820 μW/cm2, IS2 quickly enters the saturation state. At VS2 = 10 V, photo-to-dark current ratio (PDCR) of the device reaches more than 104, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) is 1.6 × 103%, and the detectivity (D*) is 7.5 × 1012 Jones. In addition, the device has a very short rise and decay times of 25−54 ms under different positive and negative bias. DSCD shows unique electrical and optical control characteristics, which will open a new way for the application of nanobelt-based devices. 相似文献
In the light of recent developments in computer technology, a promising and efficient way to design a material with a desired property would be to solve the inverse problem: use a physical property to predict structure. Here, we discuss the basic idea and mathematical foundation of the inverse approach, and proposed strategies for its utilization in the design of materials over nano‐ to macro‐scales. At the nano‐scale, analyzed strategies include scanning of a high‐dimensional space of chemical compounds for those compounds that have a targeted property, and identification of correlations in large databases of materials. However, unlike utilization of inverse approach at nano‐scale where full structural information ‐ atoms and their positions‐ is linked to targeted properties, at the meso‐ and macro‐scale, only partial structural information, manifested via structural motifs or representative volume elements, is available. We discuss the role of partial structural information in the inverse approach to the design of materials at those scales. Risks and limitations of the inverse approach are analyzed and dependence of the approach on factors such as structure parametrization, approximations in theoretical models, and feedback from structural characterization, is addressed.
Single-crystal mullite nanobelts were prepared by a simple sol-gel method using WO3 as additive, and nanobelts were straight and uniform with width of 200 nm and length of 3~4 μm. The as-prepared products were characterized with XRD, SEM and TEM and the nanobelt formation mechanism was also discussed. The interphase of aluminium tungstate acted as seed crystals or epitaxial templates during the formation of nanobelts. The further experiments showed that there was a strong correlation between the formation of nanobelts and the presence of WO3. 相似文献
使用Ce(NO3)3·6H2O为前驱物,采用水热合成法和溶胶凝胶法分别制备了不同形貌的CeO2纳米晶体(纳米带和球形颗粒).通过XRD、SEM和TEM技术表征了材料的相成分、微结构和形貌.将样品制备成湿度传感器后对传感器性能进行了测试,结果表明:具有纳米带形貌的样品所制备的传感器展示了良好的传感性能,其响应-回复时间分别为7 s 和7 s(在15;~95;湿度范围内),最大迟滞为4;,这些性能都要好于球形颗粒所制备的样品.其主要原因是纳米带样品具有较大的比表面积. 相似文献
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