低价的市场竞争心理必须改变

概述了中国PCB产品必须走出低价的市场竞争的困境,坚决走自主创新来发展中国PCB工业的道路。     

Tuning the Intermolecular Electrostatic Interaction toward High-Efficiency and Low-Cost Organic Solar Cells

Organic solar cells (OSCs) have achieved much progress with rapidly increasing power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). It should be noted that the top-performance OSCs are generally consisted of active materials with complex chemical structures, resulting in high costs. Here, combining the material design and morphology control, high-efficiency OSCs are fabricated by a low-cost donor: acceptor blend. A completely non-fused electron acceptor named Tz is designed and synthesized via introducing thiazole units on both sides of a bithiophene core, which shows an outstanding PCE of 13.3% with a typical polythiophene donor. More importantly, optimization guidelines are presented to get excellent morphology for low-cost donor:acceptor systems. Three polythiophenes are selected, poly(3-hexylthiophene) and its two derivatives with electron-withdrawing substitutions (PDCBT and PDCBT-2F), as donors to fabricate the cell devices. The computational and experimental data reveal that decreasing the electrostatic interaction between polythiophene and Tz is the key to getting a suppressed miscibility and thus a high phase purity. This study provides insight into the molecular design and donor:acceptor matching requirements for high-efficiency and low-cost OSCs.     

水火箭的制作与发射——初中物理教学课外活动拓展

物理课外实验能让学生真正动手操作、体验,从而提高学生的物理核心素养.水火箭的制作与发射,蕴含知识面广,发射效果震撼,能让学生对物理与科技的联系有直观深刻的认识.     

低成本数字电视机顶盒方案的设计及应用

以数字电视机顶盒的成本作为主要研究对象,分别从硬件和软件设计入手,说明如何更加有效地控制机顶盒的整机价格,提升产品的市场竞争力。同时,将这种设计方案应用到实际机顶盒的生产中。     

基于模式分类的喷嘴料液雾滴速度测量研究

测量烟叶加料过程中料液雾滴喷射后的速度变化,为烟叶加料均匀性的评价提供有效数据。实验从喷嘴的轴向面采集喷出的雾滴图像,对采集到的图像进行预处理和图像分割,采用模式分类对分割出的雾滴分类,根据高速相机成像的测量方法计算出每一类雾滴的速度。研究结果表明,由模式分类统计出的数据,其准确率达到95.65%,使用该数据计算出的速度误差为4.6%,两项数据均在规定范围之内。使用高速摄像机获取图像,采用软件计算出雾滴速度,与早期实验方案相比,降低了测量设备价格,实现低成本测量;模式分类的测量方法准确率较高,为后续加料均匀性分析提供可靠的数据,且效率更高,同时为数据测量的智能化打下基础。     

Pigeon Pea Husk for Removal of Emerging Contaminants Trimethoprim and Atenolol from Water

The pace of industrialization and rapid population growth in countries such as India entail an increased input of industrial and sanitary organic micropollutants, the so-called emerging contaminants (EC), into the environment. The emission of EC, such as pharmaceuticals, reaching Indian water bodies causes a detrimental effect on aquatic life and ultimately on human health. However, the financial burden of expanding sophisticated water treatment capacities renders complementary, cost-efficient alternatives, such as adsorption, attractive. Here we show the merits of washed and milled pigeon pea husk (PPH) as low-cost adsorbent for the removal of the EC trimethoprim (TMP) and atenolol (ATN) that are among the most detected pharmaceuticals in Indian waters. We found a linear increase in adsorption capacity of PPH for TMP and ATN at concentrations ranging from 10 to 200 μg/L and from 50 to 400 μg/L, respectively, reflecting the concentrations occurring in Indian water bodies. Investigation of adsorption kinetics using the external mass transfer model (EMTM) revealed that film diffusion resistance governed the adsorption process of TMP or ATN onto PPH. Moreover, analysis of the adsorption performance of PPH across an extensive range of pH and temperature illustrated that the highest adsorption loadings achieved concurred with actual conditions of Indian waters. We anticipate our work as starting point towards the development of a feasible adsorbent system aiming at low-cost water treatment.     

低成本多晶硅片表面织构的研究

采用化学腐蚀液织构了经磷吸杂处理后的多晶硅片。利用SEM分析了化学腐蚀后多晶硅表面形态,并通过反射谱测试分析了多晶硅片表面的陷光效果。实验结果表明：经酸腐蚀后的样品表面分布着均一的“蚯蚓状”的腐蚀坑,且反射率较低。在400-1000nm波长范围内,反射率可达22．75％;生长了SiN,薄膜后,反射率减小至8．33％,比原始硅片的反射率低20．96％。     

新型LDI使HDI／BUM板实现低成本规模化生产

文章概述了新型LDI技术的两大改进,使它在HDI/BUM板生产中实现低成本规模化生产。     

低成本有源相控阵天线研究

研究了有源相控阵天线的低成本设计思路和数字技术新方法。首先详细地分析了有源相控阵天线的系统构架和成本组成;然后从系统总体的角度,探讨了低成本数字阵列相控阵天线设计方法;最后提出了采用宽带宽角扫描的可重构设计技术来降低有源相控阵天线的成本。提出的有源相控阵天线低成本设计新方法具有很好的工程实用价值和科学意义。     

一种频相扫阵列天线研究

研究了一种频相扫体制的阵列天线.天线采用空气带状线结构的馈电网络,结合宽带单元天线,实现了该阵列天线在一维上频扫、另一维相扫的特性.通过仿真、优化确定各部分尺寸,并对其进行了实物加工和测试,测试结果表明:1）空气带状线馈电网络的损耗相对较小,平均为2.5 dB;2）该阵列天线的相对带宽达到14.7%（在雷达领域属于宽带天线阵列）,其二维扫描角度均大于60°,在全带宽范围内,副瓣电平优于-18.5 dB,实现了一种频相扫体制的阵列天线.