未来室内热点增强技术的研究

新业务及终端类型的层出不穷，促使移动数据业务迅速增长，并且大量的业务发生在室内和热点，到目前为止，3GPPLTE—Advanced仍是面向高数据速率，大覆盖的场景，因此在未来的标准化中，引入针对室内热点的优化技术，是业内公认的方向。本文介绍了几种室内热点优化的技术方案。分析了未来标准中需要重点考虑的内容。     

Spatial characteristics and capacity investigation of indoor hotspot channel based on wideband MIMO measurement at 4.9 GHz

In this article,results obtained from wideband multiple-input multiple-output channel measurements at 4.9 GHz are presented.Measurements were performed in an indoor hotspot scenario with both line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight propagation conditions.Vertical polarized uniform linear arrays(ULAs)with different antenna spacing and orientation were utilized for investigating the impact of antenna configurations on the system performance.Based on measured channel impulse responses,the spatial correlation of ULA is analyzed and compared with the theoretical values calculated from the power azimuth spectrum.Following that,the eigenvalue statistics and capacity with respect to antenna spacing and orientation are given and compared.The diversity-multiplexing tradeoff(DMT)of measured channels at operational signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)is also presented.The reason why the DMT of measured channels is much lower than that of i.i.d.Rayleigh channels is specified.     

Enhancement of a WLAN-Based Internet Service

A wireless LAN (WLAN)-based Internet service, called NESPOT, of Korea Telecom (KT), the biggest telecommunication and Internet service company in Korea, has been operational since early 2002. As the numbers of subscribers and deployed access points (APs) increase, KT has been endeavoring to improve its service quality as well as the network management. In this paper, we introduce a joint effort between Seoul National University (SNU) and KT to achieve it. We have been addressing two major issues as part of the joint project thus far: (1) a unified WLAN management/maintenance tool; and (2) real-time traffic support enhancement. We present our on-going efforts as well as some preliminary results. Some issues, which need further attention for the future NESPOT service enhancement, are also introduced.The work reported in this paper was financed and supported by KT. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of KT. Youngkyu Choi is an M.S. candidate in the department of electrical engineering at Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, Korea. He received his B.S. with honors in electrical engineering from SNU in 2002. He has a lot of project experiences related with system software development. His current research interests are the design of MAC layer from distributed system to centralized cellular system, resource management in next-generation (4G) cellular system, and mathematical analysis of system performance. He had served in the Korean Army for 3 years from 1998. Sekyu Park is a research staff at the Multimedia & Wireless Networking Lab. (MWNL), Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, Korea. Before joining MWNL in September 2003, he was with MMC Technology, Seoul, Korea as a Research Staff for five years. His current research interests are in the area of wireless/mobile networks and embedded OS. Sunghyun Choi is an assistant professor at the School of Electrical Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, Korea. Before joining SNU in September 2002, he was with Philips Research USA, Briarcliff Manor, New York, USA as a Senior Member Research Staff and a project leader for three years. He received his B.S. (summa cum laude) and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in 1992 and 1994, respectively, and received Ph.D. at the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor in September, 1999. His current research interests are in the area of wireless/mobile networks with emphasis on the QoS guarantee and adaptation, resource management, wireless LAN and PAN, next-generation mobile networks, data link layer protocols, and connection and mobility management. He authored/coauthored over 45 technical papers and book chapters in the areas of wireless/mobile networks and communications. He is the technical program co-chair for ACM International Workshop on Wireless Mobile Applications and Services on WLAN Hotspots (WMASH’2004). He is currently serving on program committees of a number of leading wireless and networking conferences including IEEE INFOCOM, IEEE GLOBECOM, and IEEE VTC. He is also a guest co-editor for a special issue on “Emerging WLAN Applications and Technologies” of Wiley Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Journal. He is an active participant and contributor of the IEEE 802.11 WLAN standardization committee. Dr. Choi was a recipient of the Korea Foundation for Advanced Studies Scholarship and the Korean Government Overseas Scholarship during 1997–1999 and 1994–1997, respectively. Go Woon Lee is a researcher at Service Development Laboratory, Korea Telecom (KT), Seoul, Korea. She received her B.S. degrees in computer science and material engineering from Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in 1995. She was with Microsoft Korea R&D Group as a research staff in 1995. She received M.S. degree in information & communication from Kwang-Ju Institute of Science and Technology (K-JIST) in 1998. Her current research interests are in the area of wireless/mobile networks with emphasis on data link layer protocols, remote diagnosis, and wireless service management. Jaehwan Lee is a researcher at Korea Telecom (KT), Seoul, Korea. He received his B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from Seoul National University (SNU) in 1998 and 2000, respectively. His master’s research was about estimation theory related to Global Positioning System (GPS) and image processing in robot soccer. His current research interest is to analyze and enhance the performance of wireless/mobile networks (IEEE 802.11, sensor networks and mobile ad-hoc networks) regarding QoS, energy-efficiency and high-throughput considering hand-off and inter-networking with heterogeneous networks. Before joining wireless LAN group in KT, he developed the Web-GIS (Geographical Information System) client-server system from 2000 to 2001. Hanwook Jung, Ph.D joined KT in 1985 and got his Ph.D degree with the company finalcial scholarship of KT from 1991 to 1996 at SUNY at Buffalo. His thesis is about “Wireless signal transmission over Fiber by subcarrier multiplexing” which is current heavily utilized for PCS and cellular repeater line. From 1985 to 1991, he had developed a Videotex service which is now known as Hitel. From 1996 to 1999, he developed 26GHz broadband wireless local loop system and contributed to get the license from the government. Since 1999, he has led a business model and service with wireless LAN. The KT Wi-Fi public service, “NESPOT” has 300,000 subscribers and 10,000 public hotspots. In 2003 he was promoted as an assistant vice president leading NESPOT research team to enhance KT’s broadband with 5,000,000 subscribers. His vision regarding next generation communications service is believed to be true by combining the broadband access and wireless technology including WiFi wireless LAN, UWB, and bluetooth in those areas such as wireless home-networking, device-to-device communications, and ubiqutous networking.This revised version was published online in August 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

通过增加回风静压改善在用通信机房局部热点问题

中国移动上海公司某数据机房存在明显的局部热点,通过普通手段无法消除.经过对该机房的深入研究,通过在机房回风口安装风机提高热点区域回风管回风静压的方式提高回风量,有效降低机房热点区域温度并达到机房要求.通过本改造方案为在用老机房局部热点改造提供了一些思路.     

Small Cell Enhancement发展需求及现状

随着LTE技术的大范围应用,传统的宏基站遇到了建网及覆盖的瓶颈,基站设备的小型化、低功耗、可控性和智能化成为趋势。文章首先介绍了小型基站从Femto cell到Small cell的标准化演进过程,着重分析了小基站增强（SCE）架构、容量、移动性三方面的发展需求,最后分析引入多种小型基站后可能带来的技术挑战。     

A multi-dimensional crime spatial pattern analysis and prediction model based on classification

This article presents a multi-dimensional spatial pattern analysis of crime events in San Francisco. Our analysis includes the impact of spatial resolution on hotspot identification, temporal effects in crime spatial patterns, and relationships between various crime categories. In this work, crime prediction is viewed as a classification problem. When predictions for a particular category are made, a binary classification-based model is framed, and when all categories are considered for analysis, a multiclass model is formulated. The proposed crime-prediction model (HotBlock) utilizes spatiotemporal analysis for predicting crime in a fixed spatial region over a period of time. It is robust under variation of model parameters. HotBlock's results are compared with baseline real-world crime datasets. It is found that the proposed model outperforms the standard DeepCrime model in most cases.     

Dark NoC: Hurdling the Power and Temperature Budgets from Communication Perspective

Among the components on a many-core chip, network-on-chip （NoC） has already contributed a large portion to overall power consumption. Optimizing NoC performance under a given power budget is further complicated to keep the network connectivity and minimize the detour distances. In this paper, a NoC power budgeting method from the communication perspective is proposed, which intelligently powers off routers/iinks and sets up alternative paths to restrict the power and thermal envelop. The effect of performance optimizaion of the proposed power budgeting mothod is measured based on latency and in the given power budget, 22% latency can be reduced averagely compared with some competing methods when running real benchmarks.     

利用路灯杆实现热区WIFI网络部署的设计

目前运营商WiFi网络部署已从热点部署向热区乃至无线城市部署的方向发展,覆盖区域由室内热点扩展到热区.首先描述3G网络、WiFi网络现状,然后对集中控制型WiFi组网的特点进行了分析,最后重点探讨通信运营商利用路灯杆实现室外热区WiFi无线网络部署中需要考虑的问题和解决方式.     

WLAN网络建设及运营管理的探索与思考

在全业务运营下,WLAN已成为各电信运营商发展宽带业务的重要技术手段,但目前WLAN网络建设及运营管理尚待成熟。通过分析WLAN业务发展、网络建设、组网方案、技术风险、合作管理、运营维护等方面的发展现状及存在问题,探索WLAN网络建设及运营管理的发展建议。     

A preliminary study on numerical simulation of microwave heating process for chemical reaction and discussion of hotspot and thermal runaway phenomenon

The nonlinear process of microwave heating chemical reaction is studied by means of numerical simulation. Especially, the variation of temperature in terms of space and time, as well as the hotspot and thermal runaway phenomena are discussed. Suppose the heated object is a cylinder and the incident electromagnetic (EM) wave is plane wave, the problem turns out to be a coupling calculation of 2D multi-physical fields. The integral equation of EM field is solved using the method of moment (MoM) and the thermal conduction equation is solved using a semi-analysis method. Moreover, a method to determine the equivalent complex permittivity of reactant under the heating is presented in order to perform the calculation. The numerical results for water and a dummy chemical reaction (A) show that the hotspot is a ubiquitous phenomenon in microwave heating process. When the radius of the heated object is small, the highest temperature occurs somewhere inside the object due to the concentration of the EM wave. While the radius increases to a certain degree, the highest temperature occurs somewhere close to the surface due to the skin effect, and the whole high temperature area shows crescent-shaped. That is in accordance with basic physical principles. If the radius is kept the same in the heating process, the hotspot position of water does not change, while that of reaction A with several radius values varies. For either water or A, the thermal runaway phenomenon in which small difference of radius results in large difference of highest temperature, occurs easily when the radius is small. On the contrary, it is not evident when the radius is large. Moreover, it is notable that the highest temperature in water shows oscillating decreasing trend with the increase of radius, but in reaction A almost decreases monotonously. Further study should be performed to determine if this difference is only an occasional occurrence. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 60801035 and 60531010)